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Chronic inflammation and tissue remodeling always occur together in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a critical role in airway remodeling.

Changes of epithelial cells in sinus mucosa in different subtypes of CRS, especially in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, and the role of EMT and eosinophils (EOS) in airway remodeling are still unknown.

We included 85 patients in this study. They were divided into 4 groups a normal control (NC) group, a chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) group, an eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (ECRSwNP) group, and a noneosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (non-ECRSwNP) group. Clinical data were all collected and analyzed. Standard hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemical staining, and 2-color immunofluorescence staining were performed. Biomarkers of EMT, epithelial cadherin, and vimentin were labeled. The immunohistochemistry results of each group werth sinus CT imaging Lund-Mackay scores (r = 0.560, p less then 0.001). Moreover, expression levels of vimentin in the epithelium were associated with numbers of infiltrating EOS in tissues (r = 0.710, p less then 0.001) and the peripheral blood EOS ratio (r = 0.594, p less then 0.001). EMT occurred in patients with CRSwNP, especially in those with ECRSwNP. Epithelial reprogramming correlates with eosinophil infiltration and disease severity. Eosinophils contributed to impairment of epithelial function and promoted EMT in CRSwNP.
Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive, pathogenic bacterium that causes a wide range of symptoms in humans and can form biofilm, which is a multicellular community of microorganisms that attaches to nonbiological and biological surfaces.

Here, we aimed to isolate and characterize an S. aureus phage and examine the bactericidal activity alone and in conjunction with streptomycin treatment.

We isolated a virulent phage, WV, from a slaughterhouse in Jiangsu, China. This strain belonged to the family Myoviridae and presented a genome size of 141,342 bp. The optimal pH of the preservation buffer was 6-7, optimal growth temperature was 37°C, and optimal multiplicity of infection was 0.01. Phage WV can sterilize most clinical strains of S. aureus that had been isolated from clinical patients in the First People's Hospital of the Yunnan Province. Against low-concentration S. aureus culture, streptomycin demonstrated a greater antibiofilm effect than that of phage WV. By contrast, in high-concentration S. aureus culture, phage WV demonstrated greater antibiofilm effect than that of streptomycin. The use of phage WV and streptomycin together had a substantially greater overall antibiofilm effect than that achieved using either component alone.

This study provides strong evidence for the effectiveness of phage application for the reduction of S. aureus biofilm growth and suggests that phages can be considered as a viable alternative to antibiotics in clinical settings.
This study provides strong evidence for the effectiveness of phage application for the reduction of S. aureus biofilm growth and suggests that phages can be considered as a viable alternative to antibiotics in clinical settings.
The triglyceride glucose index (TyG index) is a simple and reliable surrogate marker of insulin resistance (IR) that can predict functional outcomes and mortality after acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, it is unclear whether the TyG index is associated with functional outcomes in patients with stroke who receive reperfusion therapy. Thus, we aimed to explore the prognostic value of the TyG index for the clinical outcomes of patients with AIS who underwent reperfusion therapy.

We retrospectively assessed patients with AIS, with occlusion of either the middle cerebral artery or internal carotid artery, who were evaluated using multiphase computed tomography angiography (mCTA) and received reperfusion therapy. The TyG index was calculated as "ln [fasting glucose level (mg/dL) × triglyceride level (mg/dL)]/2." Collateral status was evaluated using mCTA based on the University of Calgary Scale. Clinical outcomes included 3-month functional outcomes, early neurological deterioration, recanalization status, outcomes in patients with AIS who undergo reperfusion therapy.
IR, represented by a high TyG index, may predict poor 3-month functional outcomes in patients with AIS who undergo reperfusion therapy.This work investigates the crystal structure, stability, mechanical properties, electronic properties, effective masses, and optical properties of Si-Ge alloys in theP-3m1 phase. The elastic constants and phonon spectra proven that the Si-Ge alloys in theP-3m1 phase have mechanical and dynamic stability. The bulk modulus, shear modulus and Young's modulus of Si-Ge alloys in theP-3m1 phase decrease with the increase of Ge composition, and the three-dimensional diagram of Young's modulus and effective mass show that the mechanical and transport properties have anisotropy. The Si12Ge12in thehP24 phase is a quasi-direct band gap semiconductor material with a band gap of 1.081 eV, while the Si30-xGexalloy (x= 6, 12, 18, 24) in thehP30 phase are all direct band gap semiconductor materials with the band gaps of 0.541 eV, 0.430 eV, 0.561 eV, and 0.387 eV, respectively. ThehP30-Si6Ge24has a very small effective electron mass. ThehP24-Si12Ge12show excellent absorptive capacity in the visible and infrared region region. Based on this work, Si-Ge alloys in theP-3m1 phase are promising materials for photovoltaic applications.Electronic structures and thermoelectric (TE) properties of KBiBa and KBiSr half-Heusler compounds are investigated by using the combined framework of first-principles and semi-classical Boltzmann transport theory. Elastic and phonon properties calculations reveal that these compounds are mechanically and dynamically stable. Selleck Favipiravir Band structures calculations, using the Tran and Blaha modified Becke-Johnson potential including spin-orbit coupling, show that KBiBa and KBiSr compounds are semiconductors with an indirect bandgap of 0.88 and 0.95 eV respectively. Performing calculations on lattice thermal conductivity, deformation potential, effective mass of charge carriers and their relaxation times allow us to deduce the dependence of the figure of merit ZT on doping concentration and temperature. At 1200 K, KBiBa and KBiSr compounds exhibit a ZT peak value of 2.68 and 1.56 at optimizedn-doping values of 2.2 × 1019and 1.7 × 1019 cm-3, respectively. Considering high ZT values, KBiBa and KBiSr are considered to be ideal TE candidates at high temperature.
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