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Attention Deficit Disorder in Adults
Adults with attention deficit disorder may be difficult to identify and treat. Therapists can help by analyzing the signs and causes, educating the patient on how to add structure and behavioural changes, and offering medication if necessary.
People suffering from ADD/ADHD may have difficulties with hyperactivity, inattention and impulsivity. It is evident by the lack of memory and difficulty waiting for their turn, or difficulty concentrating on games or tasks.
Inattention Type symptoms
This type of ADHD is characterized by high distractibility, and a lack of focus on tiny details. Adults with inattention ADHD have difficulty completing tasks or projects that require sustained mental effort, like writing and reading. They may have trouble remembering appointments or paying their bills and are more likely to make careless errors in work or at home.
While the symptoms of inattentive ADHD may have first appeared during childhood, they tend to go undiagnosed because adults are expected to manage their impulsive and hyperactive/impulsive symptoms on their own. In the end, the symptoms of inattentive ADHD can last throughout their adult lives and interfere with relationships, school performance, and career advancement.
Attention-deficit ADHD symptoms include fidgeting, difficulty playing quietly or participating in leisure activities, problems waiting for their turn, and blurting out answers before the questions are finished. They also have difficulty staying organized at home and work, and are often late for classes or meetings. Inattention ADHD sufferers often have a hard time staying focused at school or at work. They dislike boring meetings and chew gum or drink coffee to help them through.
A health professional will evaluate a patient to determine if they have any mental health or medical illnesses that may cause similar symptoms. Then, they will examine their behavior history in order to determine if the person is suffering from ADD. You can request to observe the person's behavior under various situations by talking to their parents or teachers as well as their coworkers. The health care provider will also inquire about the person's mood as well as recent medical background.
Most often, psychostimulants are used to increase alertness and improve brain signals. They include amphetamines, such as Adderall, Ritalin and Concerta and methylphenidates such as Strattera (atomoxetine) and Qelbree (viloxazine). Antidepressants, which affect neurotransmitters in the brain, are sometimes prescribed for people with inattention ADHD to help improve their mood and concentration. Wellbutrin (bupropion) and Effexor, (venlafaxine) are two examples. Other medications that aren't stimulants can be used. These are less likely to cause side effects and include guanfacine (Intuniv), bupropion/atomoxetine, and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors such as Strattera.
Symptoms of Hyperactive/Impulsive Type
People with the hyperactive/impulsive type of ADHD struggle to sit still and remain focused. This condition can make it difficult for people to focus on their studies or work tasks, and could result in a number of mistakes made by careless people. In addition, they typically have trouble following instructions or completing complicated tasks. They also have difficulty staying focused when playing games or engaging in leisure activities with others. They can be disruptive and disrupt other players during games, discussions or other activities. They might play with their feet or hands or even squirm their seat, or pace while they're talking or listening.
Children with the hyperactive/impulsive type of ADD often have trouble waiting for their turn to speak or play, and they may blurt out their answers before other people have finished speaking. They may have difficulty controlling themselves and are constantly on the move and unable to slow down or stop, even at events like fairs or theme park. They may have difficulty with organizing tasks, completing projects over a long period of time or applying themselves to scheduled tasks or homework.
They often have a poor sense of personal responsibility and have difficulties making and keeping friends. ADHD symptoms adults male may also have trouble regulating their emotions which can cause mood swings and depression. They may also be having difficulty managing their finances and time, which can make it easier for them to fall victim to scams in the financial industry.
Many people suffering from ADHD are not diagnosed until adulthood when their symptoms become more obvious. Teachers or other adults may have missed their symptoms during childhood. They may have learned to compensate for their symptoms and thrived in a supportive environment until they faced the pressures of pursuing a career or having a family which is when their issues became more evident. In the early years, the male-to-female* ADHD ratio is higher. However it becomes more equal in adulthood.
Certain supplements in the diet can help reduce irritability for people suffering from ADHD. These include GABA and taurine, GABA fish oil, and Brain Vitale. Techniques for managing stress, such as deep breathing and regular exercise can be beneficial. They should talk to their doctor about all treatments options that include stimulants (Strattera) and non-stimulants (Viloxazine) (Qelbree), and antidepressants (Wellbutrin).
Mixed Type Symptoms
People with combined type ADHD exhibit symptoms of both inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive presentations. They have difficulty focusing on long-term mental activities or remembering things, such as chores, schoolwork, homework or work. They also make mistakes in school, in the workplace, and in their personal lives. These issues with attention and impulse can cause stress and cause relationship difficulties.
The signs of this condition are varied in severity and appear at various stages of life. They include daydreaming and being easily distracted from their thoughts, which can lead to an inability to remember things; a tendency lose things like homework or keys; and difficulties following through on their tasks. They also struggle to stay still, and they can interfere with or even take over games or other leisure activities.
Someone with a mixed presentation of ADHD may find that some medications help and others don't. It's best to try one each time and analyze the outcomes carefully. Adults who have had this presentation since they were teens should have their treatment evaluated every six months, especially if there are any lifestyle changes that may alter the dosage of medication required.
It is important to note that ADD and ADHD do not affect race, gender, ethnicity or age. However it does appear to affect people who were deemed male at birth. The diagnosis is usually identified when adults exhibit several of the typical symptoms in several areas of their lives and can't explain them satisfactorily.
There are a variety of ways to manage and treat ADD in adults, such as behavior therapy, lifestyle modifications, and medication. A combination of treatments is usually the best option, and medication can be prescribed in various forms, such as methylphenidate (Ritalin), dextroamphetamine/amphetamine salts (Adderall), lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse), and atomoxetine (Strattera). These medications improve concentration by increasing levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain. Non-stimulants can also be used by adults who do not want to take stimulants, or only need them in a low dosage.
The symptoms of Combined Type
For people with combined type ADHD, the symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity appear together. Inattention symptoms can include forgetfulness, difficulty finishing tasks or having difficulty sitting still. Impulsivity and hyperactivity can manifest as restlessness, fidgeting or squirming. They often have a difficult time to wait in line or follow instructions, leading to frustration and behavior that is contrary to the rules.
Adults who have a combination of ADHD symptoms often have difficulty reading social boundaries in the context of a particular situation, which can lead them to interrupt conversations or activities. They do this without thinking about the feelings of others. They often have trouble in organising their strategies and become overwhelmed by large-scale projects. In many cases, those who exhibit this ADHD presentation are also prone to depression or other mood disorders.
A correct diagnosis is crucial for determining the best treatment plan. Many people suffering from ADHD are reluctant to seek assistance. However the diagnosis can empower them and provide them the tools to manage their symptoms.
To receive a diagnosis, doctors must identify at least six symptoms of inattention and at least five symptoms of hyperactivity/impulsivity to a degree that interferes with daily functioning. These symptoms must be present prior to the age of 12 and last for at least six months to qualify as ADHD. The symptoms must also be severe enough to affect the student's performance at the workplace, at school or at home.
Experts don't fully understand why ADHD is a problem, but they know that it can be hereditary and that certain genes can increase a person's risk of developing the condition. They also recognize that differences in brain structure and the brain's chemical makeup play a role, and that some people get the disorder on their own, with no family history.
There are various behavioral treatments for adult ADHD, including structured routines and organizational strategies, talk therapy (Cognitive-behavioral therapy or Acceptance and Commitment Therapy), exercise and healthy sleep habits. In many instances, these therapies are more effective than medication.
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