Notes

Conformational edition involving β-peptide foldamers for the creation involving metal-peptide frameworks.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious complication of sepsis and is characterized by inflammatory response. MicroRNA-210 host gene (MIR210HG) is upregulated in human proximal tubular epithelial cells under treatment of inflammatory cytokines. This study aimed to explore the role of MIR210HG in sepsis-induced AKI.

Cell viability was detected by a cell counting kit 8 assay. The levels of proinflammatory cytokines were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. The protein levels of p65, IκBα, and p-IκBα were examined by western blot analysis. The nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) was detected by immunofluorescence assay. The histological changes of kidneys were analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin staining assay.

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment significantly inhibited cell viability and increased productions of proinflammatory cytokines in proximal tubular epithelial cells (HKC-8). Additionally, MIR210HG levels in HKC-8 cells were increased by LPS treatment. MIR210HG silencing inhibited the LPS-induced cell inflammatory response. MIR210HG activated the NF-κB signaling pathway by promoting the phosphorylation of IκBα and nuclear translocation of p65. Rescue assays revealed that the MIR210HG-induced increase of cytokines levels and decline of cell viability were rescued by QNZ treatment. Knockdown of MIR210HG decreased blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and proinflammatory cytokine levels in AKI rats. Moreover, the knockdown of MIR210HG protected against AKI-induced histological changes of kidneys in rats.

MIR210HG promotes sepsis-induced inflammatory response of HKC-8 cells by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway. This novel discovery may be helpful for the improvement of sepsis-induced AKI.
MIR210HG promotes sepsis-induced inflammatory response of HKC-8 cells by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway. This novel discovery may be helpful for the improvement of sepsis-induced AKI.
Multiple pathways are involved in inducing liver fibrosis, which can damage the integrity of liver. Among them, miR-125b has been found to exert an activating action on hepatic stellate cells. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy lead to liver disorders. Here, we evaluated the therapeutic influence of miR-125b on the endoplasmic reticulum function in injured livers submitted to bile duct ligation.

For inducing injury, bile duct ligation was done on miR-125b transgenic rats (miR-125b-Tg) in wild type rats. The rat T-6 cells received transfection of miR-125b mimic and Tunicamycin. Pargyline molecular weight Protein expressions were observed by western blot analysis.

Compared to wild type rats, liver-injured rats showed significant impairment of liver function as assessed by the total bilirubin levels. The miR-125b-Tg rats showed decrease in activity of aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase. Liver tissues of miR-125b-Tg rats showed weaker fibrotic matrix formation. Upregulation of miR-125b decreased the bile duct ligation-mediated hepatic disturbances for the expressions of endoplasmic reticulum kinase, inositol-requiring kinase 1alpha, sXBP1, CHOP, LC3, p62, ULK, and caspase-3/-8/-9. T-6 cells transfected with miR-125b mimic and treated with Tunicamycin caused decrease in levels of cleaved caspase-3, sXBP1, CHOP, and LC3. The miR-125b signaling showed protective effect on the liver tissues subjected to injury and fibrosis histopathology.

This study demonstrates a novel insight into the miR125b-mediated stabilization of endoplasmic reticulum integrity, which slows the progression of injury-induced hepatic deterioration.
This study demonstrates a novel insight into the miR125b-mediated stabilization of endoplasmic reticulum integrity, which slows the progression of injury-induced hepatic deterioration.
To investigate the relationship between hearing loss and cognitive disorder with memory dysfunction in South Korea using data from the Korean Health Insurance claims database for 2009-2015.

We analyzed cross-sectional data of 66-year-old individuals who completed the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Auditory function was evaluated using pure-tone audiometric testing. Cognitive disorder with memory dysfunction was assessed using standardized scores of the Prescreening Korean Dementia Screening Questionnaire.

Among 1815835 participants at the age of 66 years, the prevalence of unilateral hearing loss was 5.84%, and that of bilateral hearing loss was 3.40%. The normal cognitive group comprised 86.35% of the participants, and the high-risk group for cognitive disorder with memory dysfunction totaled 13.65% of the participants. The bilateral hearing loss group had the highest percentage of subjects who responded "sometimes or frequently" to all five questions about cognitive disorder with memory dysfunction, compared to the normal hearing group or the unilateral hearing loss group. After adjusting for sex, smoking status, alcohol intake, exercise, income, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and depression, the odds ratios for cognitive disorder with memory dysfunction was 1.183 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.163-1.203] for bilateral hearing loss and 1.141 (95% CI 1.126-1.156) for unilateral hearing loss, compared to the normal cognitive group.

Hearing loss has a significant effect on cognitive function in the Korean population. In our study, individuals with bilateral hearing loss showed poorer cognitive function than those with unilateral hearing loss.
Hearing loss has a significant effect on cognitive function in the Korean population. In our study, individuals with bilateral hearing loss showed poorer cognitive function than those with unilateral hearing loss.
We aimed to investigate the accuracy of two-dimensional computed tomography (2D-CT)-based methods for measuring rotational alignment of the femoral component during total knee arthroplasty in comparison to reference values for three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction.

We selected the "most protruding transepicondylar axis section," "most protruding posterior condylar line section," and "distal femoral cut section" on 2D-CT images for 100 knees. We investigated posterior condylar angle (PCA) and condylar twist angle (CTA) values using three different methods on 2D-CT and compared to these values to those obtained using a 3D model.

The mean PCA and CTA values were 2.8° and 7.0° on the 3D model and 2.0° to 2.1° and 5.9° to 6.0° on 2D-CT, respectively. Errors in PCA and CTA measurement included internal rotation of 0.8° and 1.1° with the 1-plane and 2-plane methods and 0.9° and 1.0° with the assumed resection method, respectively.

Mean errors in PCA and CTA values measured using three different methods on 2D-CT were not significantly different.
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