Notes

Constant vagal neural activation influences atrial neurological remodeling along with decreases atrial fibrillation inducibility inside rabbits.
Deletion of Phe at position 508 (F508del) in CFTR is the commonest cause of Cystic Fibrosis; this mutation affects the fate of the protein, since most of the F508del-CFTR is retained in the endoplasmic reticulum, ubiquitylated and degraded. CFTR is subjected to different post-translational modifications (PTMs) and the possibility to modulate these PTMs has been suggested as a potential therapeutic strategy for the functional recovery of F508del-CFTR. Recently, it has been suggested the presence of a PTM signature (phosphorylation, methylation and ubiquitylation) in the regulatory insertion element of the CFTR, named PTM-code, which is associated with CFTR maturation and F508del-CFTR recovery. However, the real contribution of these PTMs is still to be deciphered. Here, by using a mutational approach, we show that the PTM-code is dispensable for the functional recovery of F508del-CFTR and therefore its regulation would not be essential in the light of a therapeutical approach.Optical measurement of CFTR-dependent sweat secretion stimulated by a beta-adrenergic cocktail (C-phase) vs. CFTR-independent sweat secretion induced by methacholine (M-phase) can discriminate cystic fibrosis (CF) patientts from controls and healthy carriers by the ratio of sweat rate in the C-phase vs. the M-phase (C/M ratio). However, image analysis is experimentally demanding and time-consuming. Here, sweat droplet number (SDN) in the C-phase, corresponding to the number of sweat-secreting glands, was a statistically significant predictor for detecting the effects of CFTR-targeted therapy. We show that in 44 non-CF subjects and 110 CF patients, SDN in the C-phase provides a linear readout of CFTR function that is more sensitive than that using the C/M ratio. In CF patients, increased SDN in the C-phase during treatment with (LUMA/IVA) was associated with a trend toward improved lung function (FEV1). Our method is suitable for multicenter monitoring of the effects of CFTR modulators.
Exercise tolerance in people with CF and advanced lung disease is often reduced. While supplemental oxygen can improve oxygenation, it does not affect dyspnoea, fatigue or comfort. Nasal high-flow therapy (NHFT), thanks to its pathophysiological mechanisms, could improve exercise tolerance, saturation and dyspnoea. This study explores the feasibility of conducting a clinical trial of using NHFT in patients with CF during exercise.

A pilot, open-label, randomized crossover trial was performed, enroling 23 participants with CF and severe lung disease. Participants completed two treadmill walking test (TWT) with and without NHFT at 24-48h interval. Primary outcome was trial feasibility, and exploratory outcomes were TWT distance (TWTD), SpO
, transcutaneous CO
, dyspnoea and comfort.

Recruitment rate was 2.4 subjects/month with 1.31 screening-to-randomization ratio. No adverse events caused by NHFT were observed. Tolerability was good and data completion rate was 100%. Twenty subjects (91%) were included in the exploratory study. Mean difference in TWTD on NHFT was 19m (95% CI [4.8 - 33.1]). S
O
was similar, but respiratory rate and mean tcCO
were lower on NHFT (mean difference=-3.9 breaths/min 95% CI [-5.9 - -1.9] and -0.22kPa 95% CI [-0.4 - 0.04]). NHFT reduced exercise-induced dyspnoea and discomfort.

Trials using NHFT in patients with CF during exercise are feasible. NHFT appears to improve walking distance, control respiratory rate, CO
, dyspnoea and improve comfort. A larger trial with a longer intervention is feasible and warranted to confirm the impact of NHFT in training programmes for patients with CF.
Trials using NHFT in patients with CF during exercise are feasible. NHFT appears to improve walking distance, control respiratory rate, CO2, dyspnoea and improve comfort. A larger trial with a longer intervention is feasible and warranted to confirm the impact of NHFT in training programmes for patients with CF.
Existing research demonstrates that parity is associated with risk for obesity. The majority of those who undergo bariatric surgery are women, yet little is known about whether having children before bariatric surgery is associated with pre- and postsurgical weight outcomes.

We aim to evaluate presurgical body mass index (BMI) and postsurgical weight loss among a racially diverse sample of women with and without children.

Metropolitan hospital system.

Women (n = 246) who underwent bariatric surgery were included in this study. Participants self-reported their number of children. Presurgical BMI and postsurgical weight outcomes at 1 year, including change in BMI (ΔBMI), percentage excess weight loss (%EWL), and percentage total weight loss (%TWL) were calculated from measured height and weight.

Those with children had a lower presurgical BMI (P = .01) and had a smaller ΔBMI (P = .01) at 1 year after surgery than those without children, although %EWL and %TWL at 1 year did not differ by child status or number of children. After controlling for age, race, and surgery type, the number of children a woman had was related to smaller ΔBMI at 1 year post surgery (P = .01).

Although women with children had lower reductions in BMI than those without children, both women with and without children achieved successful postsurgical weight loss. Providers should assess for number of children and be cautious not to deter women with children from having bariatric surgery.
Although women with children had lower reductions in BMI than those without children, both women with and without children achieved successful postsurgical weight loss. Providers should assess for number of children and be cautious not to deter women with children from having bariatric surgery.
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is one of the most common causes of postoperative mortality following bariatric surgery. The majority of VTE events occur after discharge from the hospital. Go6976 cell line Little consensus exists regarding who should receive extended enoxaparin thromboprophylaxis or how they should be dosed, namely whether to use weight-based or BMI-stratified dosing strategies.

Provide an overview of the risk factors associated with VTE in procedures among bariatric patients including the use of predictive tools to stratify risk and the various approaches to enoxaparin chemoprophylaxis in obesity.

Multiple centers.

A review of the literature identified studies evaluating risk factors for VTE including demographic characteristics, co-morbidities, and operative factors. The use of calculators to stratifypatients by risk and approaches to extended thromboprophylaxis in obesity were evaluated as well.

VTE was associated with increased age, weight, male sex, and prior history of VTE, all frequently included in risk calculators.
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