Notes

[Primary Health care e-SUS: determining factor features to the use and employ of the scientific innovation].
Develop and assess a transdermal emulsion loaded with nanostructured lipid carriers for vitamin D3 supplementation.

Vitamin D3 loaded nanostructured lipid carriers, produced via high shear homogenization and ultrasonication, were assessed for their particle size, distribution, morphology, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, and cytotoxicity. They were incorporated into a transdermal vehicle, and the stability and ex vivo permeation were evaluated.

Spherical nanoparticles were developed with a particle size of 192.5 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.13, a zeta potential of -29.0 mV, and an entrapment efficiency of 99.75%. They were stable (particle size and distribution) for 15 days when stored in a refrigerator and for 30 days at room temperature and 32 °C. The nanoparticles decreased the drug cytotoxicity against fibroblasts, as shown by IC50 (nanoparticle 32.48 μg mL-1; vitamin D3 16.73 μg mL-1). The emulsion loaded with nanoparticles minimized the degradation of vitamin D3 when compared with the nanever, further studies are needed to allow the permeation of larger amounts of vitamin D3, and the combination of these nanoparticles with microneedles would be interesting.
Current in-situ injectable implants of buprenorphine (BP) such as Sublocade® consist of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP)-dissolved PLGA. To control the initial burst release of Sublocade® during the first 24 hours after injection, we used a BP in-situ forming composite (ISFC) to employ different molecular weights of PLGA-PEG-PLGA triblock.

The triblock was synthesized by ring-opening polymerization (ROP) using PEG molecules with weights of 1500, 3000, and 4000 Da via the melting method. The specifications of the triblock were evaluated by 1H-NMR, FTIR, GPC, and DSC. The sol-gel, gel-precipitate temperatures, in-vitro release, and composites' morphology, degradation, and toxicity were assessed for determining the features of ISFC 1500, ISFC 3000, and ISFC 4000 formulations. ROP was performed successfully via the melting method. The yields of all polymerization reactions were greater than 83.4 %.

The PEG 1500 triblock showed both sol-gel and gel-precipitate temperatures, but PEG 3000 and 4000 only showed a sol-precipitate temperature. The values of initial burst release of BP from ISFC 1500, ISFC 3000, and ISFC 4000 were 6.52 ± 0.22 %, 12.39 ± 0.61 %, and 15.80 ± 0.98 %, respectively. BP release from the ISFCs was completed over three weeks for ISFC 1500 and 10 days for ISFC 3000 and ISFC 4000. The composites containing PEG 3000 and PEG 4000 were more spongy and porous than PEG 1500. Tanespimycin concentration The ISFC 1500 delivered a higher cell viability (95.17 ± 1.15 %) compared with ISFC 3000 (86.37 ± 2.25%) and ISFC 4000 (79.70 ± 3.77%).

These results indicated that ISFC 1500 were biocompatible and delivered suitable early initial burst reactions compared with ISFC 3000 and 4000 and might be a good candidate for preparing sustained-release formulation of BP.
These results indicated that ISFC 1500 were biocompatible and delivered suitable early initial burst reactions compared with ISFC 3000 and 4000 and might be a good candidate for preparing sustained-release formulation of BP.
Flurbiprofen (FLBP) is used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis and has a short biological half-life. Frequent intake of FLBP may lead to some serious gastric complications, which makes FLBP an ideal candidate for sustained release preparation to the Ileo-colonic region of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT).

The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of Eudragit coated chitosan microspheres in delivering Flurbiprofen in a sustained manner to the Ileo-colonic region of the GIT for treatment of ulcerative colitis.

In the present study, mucoadhesive chitosan microspheres were prepared using the emulsion solvent evaporation method by varying different process parameters. Optimized chitosan microspheres were coated with Eudragit L-100 and Eudragit S-100. A 32 full factorial design was applied for optimization. The effect of independent variables (Eudragit L-100 to Eudragit S-100 ratio and stirring speed) on the dependent variable, i.e., percentage cumulative drug release (%CDR) at 3 h and 24 h was evaluated. The optimized batch was evaluated by FT-IR, DSC study, XRD study, and SEM analysis.

Discrete spherical shape chitosan microspheres with entrapment efficiency of up to 95.4% were obtained and selected for coating. Chitosan microspheres coated successfully with different ratios of Eudragit L-100 to Eudragit S-100. The release profile of the optimized batch match with the desired release profile. FLBP was found to be stable and molecularly dispersed in the polymer matrix.

Taken together, it can be concluded that prepared microspheres may be considered suitable for delivering FLBP to the Ileo-colonic region of the GIT in the treatment of ulcerative colitis.
Taken together, it can be concluded that prepared microspheres may be considered suitable for delivering FLBP to the Ileo-colonic region of the GIT in the treatment of ulcerative colitis.
Graphene nanoribbons are nanosized strips of graphene with unique physicochemical properties like higher drug loading capacity and affinity for tumor cells.

The principal objective of this research was to develop oxidized graphene nanoribbons (O-GNRs)-a based delivery system for cisplatin against non-small cell lung carcinoma cell line A549 by selective endocytosis.

The O-GNRs prepared using various synthetic steps like oxidative unzipping were evaluated for various parameters like morphology, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) study, % adsorption efficacy, Differential scanning colometric (DSC) study, and in-vitro efficacy studies.

Graphene nanoribbons with the length of 200-250 nm and width of 20-40 nm were obtained. The FTIR spectrum of drug-loaded O-GNRs exhibited a characteristic peak at 1550 cm-1 (-N-H group) of cisplatin. The DSC indicated the presence of sharp endothermic peaks at 59 ºC (PEG), 254 ºC (-C-NH3) and 308.6 ºC (-C-Pt). The % adsorption efficiency was found to be 74.56 ± 0.798% with in-vitro release in controlled manner (63.36 % ± 0.489 %) for 24 h.

The nanoformulation showed an average inhibition of 22.72% at a lower dose of cisplatin (> 25%) by passive targeting cell line A549 by DNA alkylation. In the near future, graphene-based systems will establish potential nanosystems in cancer treatment due to the additive effect of graphene with various therapeutic agents.
25%) by passive targeting cell line A549 by DNA alkylation. In the near future, graphene-based systems will establish potential nanosystems in cancer treatment due to the additive effect of graphene with various therapeutic agents.
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