Notes

The participatory epidemiological investigation of reasons behind livestock abortion within Jimma zone, Ethiopia.
[This corrects the article DOI 10.15766/mep_2374-8265.10937.].
Increased clinician training on advance care planning (ACP) is needed. Common barriers to ACP include perceived lack of confidence, skills, and knowledge necessary to engage in these discussions. Furthermore, many clinicians feel inadequately trained in prognostication. Evidence exists that multimodality curricula are effective in teaching ACP and can be simultaneously targeted to trainees and practicing clinicians with success.

We developed a 3-hour workshop incorporating lecture, patient-oriented decision aids, prognostication tools, small-group discussion, and case-based role-play to communicate a values-based approach to ACP. Cases included discussion of care goals for a patient with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and one with mild cognitive impairment. SIS17 research buy The workshop was delivered to fourth-year medical students, then adapted in two primary care clinics. In the clinics, we added an interprofessional case applying ACP to management of dental pain in advanced dementia. We evaluated the workused on duration rather than content. Future directions include expanding the workshop's content.
Although lifestyle intervention and behavior modification are effective in the prevention and treatment of chronic disease, few medical schools provide specific training in stress management, nutrition, or physical activity. While the prevalence of chronic disease rises, medical students and physicians lack sufficient knowledge and skills to promote their patients' as well as their own wellness across these domains.

We developed three hour-long workshops delivered to third-year medical students. We employed interactive lectures, small-group discussions, and reflective activities to teach the pillars of lifestyle medicine. These sessions focused on knowledge and skills to advance lifestyle counseling and behavior modification interventions with patients and to promote student wellness. We assessed student satisfaction with each session as well as self-perceived knowledge, skills, and attitudes toward lifestyle medicine and behavior change before and after the curriculum.

Over 2 years, 183 students particvity, students who completed this curriculum also had the opportunity to reflect on their own health promotion, which could mitigate professional burnout.
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with negative mental and physical health outcomes and predictive of higher sociodemographic risk. Introducing ACEs into undergraduate medical education is key to prevention, early recognition, and intervention.

In a 1-hour lecture, held live and viewed online, we delivered a condensed introduction to ACEs to first-year medical students. Live-classroom participants completed pre-/postsession questionnaires self-assessing their knowledge of 10 content areas on a 5-point Likert scale. We analyzed quantitative data to determine mean scores and differences. We synthesized qualitative data obtained from feedback.

One hundred twenty-four students, including 32 live-classroom attendees and 92 online viewers, participated in this activity. Self-assessment scores increased in all content areas measured, with a mean increase of 1.5 (
< .0001). The most significant increases occurred in identifying household dysfunction as ACEs (increase of 2.3), calculating cal student curricula.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common medical condition with well-established morbidity and mortality. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is a highly effective treatment prescribed to most individuals with OSA that has documented poor adherence rate for a variety of reasons including claustrophobia and discomfort. CPAP desensitization is an effective, simple, and brief treatment shown to improve adherence rates to CPAP.

A psychologist specializing in behavioral sleep medicine developed this module focused on teaching medical residents the techniques of CPAP desensitization. The educational activity was an interactive 45-minute seminar which included a didactic component followed by a case presentation and interactive role-play. A postseminar survey was used to evaluate the content of the workshop, as well as growth in awareness and perception of knowledge and skills with a pre- to postworkshop evaluation.

In a survey of 25 primary care and psychiatry residents and sleep medicine fellows, 92%nd nursing, social work, or psychology trainees.Germline genetic variation has been suggested to influence the survival of breast cancer patients independently of tumor pathology. We have studied survival associations of genetic variants in two etiologically unique groups of breast cancer patients, the carriers of germline pathogenic variants in BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes. We found that rs57025206 was significantly associated with the overall survival, predicting higher mortality of BRCA1 carrier patients with estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer, with a hazard ratio 4.37 (95% confidence interval 3.03-6.30, P = 3.1 × 10-9). Multivariable analysis adjusted for tumor characteristics suggested that rs57025206 was an independent survival marker. In addition, our exploratory analyses suggest that the associations between genetic variants and breast cancer patient survival may depend on tumor biological subgroup and clinical patient characteristics.This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of biological factors, including histological grade, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) status in de novo stage IV breast cancer. Based on eligibility, patient data deposited between 2010 and 2014 were collected from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database. The receiver operating characteristics curve, Kaplan-Meier analysis, and Cox proportional hazard analysis were used for analysis. We included 8725 patients with a median 3-year breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) of 52.6%. Higher histologic grade, HER2-negative, ER-negative, and PR-negative disease were significantly associated with lower BCSS in the multivariate prognostic analysis. A risk score staging system separated patients into four risk groups. The risk score was assigned according to a point system 1 point for grade 3, 1 point if hormone receptor-negative, and 1 point if HER2-negative. The 3-year BCSS was 76.
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