Notes

C1GALT1, Negatively Controlled by miR-181d-5p, Stimulates Tumor Development by means of Upregulating RAC1 within Lung Adenocarcinoma.
Dinoflagellates are important primary producers and major causative agents of harmful algal blooms in the global ocean. Despite the great ecological significance, the photosynthetic carbon acquisition by dinoflagellates is still poorly understood. The pathways of photosynthetic carbon assimilation in a marine dinoflagellate Prorocentrum donghaiense under both in situ and laboratory-simulated bloom conditions were investigated using a combination of metaproteomics, qPCR, stable carbon isotope and targeted metabolomics approaches. A rapid consumption of dissolved CO2 to generate high biomass was observed as the bloom proceeded. The carbon assimilation genes and proteins including intracellular carbonic anhydrase 2, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and RubisCO as well as their enzyme activities were all highly expressed at the low CO2 level, indicating that C4 photosynthetic pathway functioned in the blooming P. donghaiense cells. Furthermore, δ13 C values and content of C4 compound (malate) significantly increased with the decreasing CO2 concentration. The transition from C3 to C4 pathway minimizes the internal CO2 leakage and guarantees efficient carbon fixation at the low CO2 level. This study demonstrates the existence of C4 photosynthetic pathway in a marine dinoflagellate and reveals its important complementary role to assist carbon assimilation for cell proliferation during the bloom period.
Plants in nature can be sequentially attacked by different arthropod herbivores. Feeding by one arthropod species may induce plant-defense responses that might affect the performance of a later-arriving herbivorous species. Understanding these interactions can help in developing pest-management strategies. In tomato, the sweet-potato whitefly Bemisia tabaci and the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae are key pests that frequently cohabit on the same plant. We studied whether colonization by one species can either facilitate or impede later colonization of tomato plants by conspecific or heterospecific individuals.

B. tabaci females showed a strong preference for and increased oviposition on plants previously colonized by conspecifics. In contrast, plants infested with T. urticae repelled B. tabaci females and reduced their oviposition rate by 86%. Although females of T. urticae showed no preference between conspecific-infested or uninfested plants, we observed a 50% reduction in the number of eggsr and behavioral findings, a novel sustainable pest-management strategy is discussed.Worldwide, foods waste caused by putrefactive organisms and diseases caused by foodborne pathogens persist as public health problems even with a plethora of modern antimicrobials. Our over reliance on antimicrobials use in agriculture, medicine, and other fields will lead to a postantibiotic era where bacterial genotypic resistance, phenotypic adaptation, and other bacterial evolutionary strategies cause antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This AMR is evidenced by the emergence of multiple drug-resistant (MDR) bacteria and pan-resistant (PDR) bacteria, which produces cross-contamination in multiple fields and poses a more serious threat to food safety. A "red queen premise" surmises that the coevolution of phages and bacteria results in an evolutionary arms race that compels phages to adapt and survive bacterial antiphage strategies. Phages and their lysins are therefore useful toolkits in the design of novel antimicrobials in food protection and foodborne pathogens control, and the modality of using phages as a targeted vector against foodborne pathogens is gaining momentum based on many encouraging research outcomes. In this review, we discuss the rationale of using phages and their lysins as weapons against spoilage organisms and foodborne pathogens, and outline the targeted conquest or dodge mechanism of phages and the development of novel phage prospects. We also highlight the implementation of phages and their lysins to control foodborne pathogens in a farm-table-hospital domain in the postantibiotic era.
Endotracheal suction (ETS) is essential in intubated patients to prevent tube occlusion and is one of the most common nursing interventions performed in intensive care.

To explore how paediatric ETS practices reflect evidence-based practice (EBP) recommendations in paediatric intensive care units (PICU) worldwide.

A cross-sectional electronic survey linked to a real patient suction episode. Nurses completed the survey following a recent ETS episode. Evidence-based practice (EBP) was defined based on four of the American Association for Respiratory Care (AARC) best evidence recommendations pre-oxygenation before suction, use of a suction catheter no more than half the diameter of the tracheal tube, shallow depth of suction, and the continuous suction applied upon withdrawal of the catheter. Participants included PICU nurses who performed ETS in children (0-17 years) excluding preterm neonates.

Four hundred forty-six complete surveys were received from 20 countries. Most nurses (80%, 367/446) reported ternationally. Although most nurses applied single components of evidence-based recommendations during ETT suctioning, just a quarter applied all four elements.

Nurses' need to consider and strive to apply EBP principles to common nursing interventions such as ETS.
Nurses' need to consider and strive to apply EBP principles to common nursing interventions such as ETS.Two-component systems (TCSs) are predominant means by which bacteria sense and respond to environment signals. Genome of Pseudomonas putida contains dozens of putative TCS-encoding genes, but phenotypical-genotypical correlation and transcriptional regulation of these genes are largely unknown. Herein, we characterized function and transcriptional regulation of a conserved P. putida TCS, named TarR-TarS. TarS (PP_0769) encodes a potential histidine kinase, and tarR (PP_0768) encodes a potential response regulator. buy CCT128930 Protein-protein interaction assay and phosphorylation assay confirmed that TarR-TarS was a functional TCS. Growth assay under antibiotics revealed that TarR-TarS positively regulated bacterial resistance to multiple antibiotics. Pull-down assay revealed that TarR directly interacted with PP_0800 (a hypothetical protein) and GroEL (the chaperonin). GroEL played a positive role in antibiotic resistance, while PP_0800 seemed to have no effect on antibiotic resistance. The regulator FleQ indirectly activated tarR-tarS transcription.
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