Notes

Numerical simulator stream characteristics of an intracranial aneurysm.
We stress the importance of accumulating such cases in the literature. The understanding of the etiopathogenic mechanisms may lead to the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic protocols.
We stress the importance of accumulating such cases in the literature. The understanding of the etiopathogenic mechanisms may lead to the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic protocols.We report a case of a 2-year-old girl who presented to us with complaints of pain abdomen and non-bilious vomiting. USG was suggestive of intussusception with necrotic bowel and free fluid in the left lumbar region. Operative findings were of enteric duplication cyst of the pancreas which was later confirmed on histopathology. Enteric duplication cysts can occur anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract but duplication cyst within the pancreas is rare. The most common presentation in other reported cases is pain abdomen due to pancreatitis but in our case, we had findings of intussusception. Children usually present with a severe complication like perforation of duplication cyst as in our case. Excision of the cyst and the duplicated pancreatic tail is the mainstay of treatment.Central Fracture Dislocation of the Hip is a rare condition requiring more attention in its management, caused by high-energy trauma and is often associated with other injuries. This case report presents a 57-years old female who was injured in a traffic accident and diagnosed with polytrauma, abdominal blunt trauma with 7th zone liver laceration, central fracture dislocation of the left hip associated with closed fracture left acetabulum anterior column and closed fracture left neck femur. Until now, there is no mandatory management to treat this kind of injury. Several surgical techniques were explained in previous literatures to treat this condition such as Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF) procedure and Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA). Some studies chose THA as a treatment for similar condition in older population due to high risk of nonunion and avascular necrosis of the femoral head, especially in cases of significant displacement and devitalization of the femoral head. In this case, we performed femoral head autograft and total hip arthroplasty as a definitive treatment.
Pain in the soft palate and pharynx can originate from numerous related anatomical structures. Therefore, the diagnosis of patients who complain of pain in these areas is also difficult and challenging. One of the anatomic disorders that causes pain and discomfort in this region is pterygoid hamulus elongation syndrome.

We report a rare case of pterygoid hamulus elongation with persistent sharp localized pain in the hamular region radiating to the temporal area for four years that was treated successfully by surgical resection of elongated hamulus.

Pterygoid Hamulus elongation syndrome is a unique disease presenting many symptoms in the palatal and pharyngeal areas. May caused by injury, infection, or a pre-existing condition. The diagnosis of hamular elongation should be based on detailed history, clinical examination, and correlation with radiographic imaging.

Due to the rarity, PHE syndrome should be diagnosed accurately. Management of hamular elongation is either surgical or conservative but resection of the pterygoid hamulus is usually preferred.
Due to the rarity, PHE syndrome should be diagnosed accurately. Management of hamular elongation is either surgical or conservative but resection of the pterygoid hamulus is usually preferred.
Septic arthritis is a rapid and progressive infection caused by invasion of bacteria into the synovial joint. Disease of the joint causedby Salmonella spp in healthy children is an unusual event, with an estimated incidence of 0.1 to 0.2% of septic arthritis cases among children. The incidence of knee septic arthritis caused by Salmonella typhi with preexisting typhoid fever is very rare.

We reported a case of 2-years old boy with a history of saddle-type fever 2 weeks prior to right knee pain. Typhoid fever was confirmed by immunoassay test. Knee septic arthritis was established from clinical findings, increased CRP level, ultrasonography, and joint aspiration. Culture of the aspirate subsequently grew Salmonella typhi. This case report had been reported in line with SCARE criteria.

Arthrotomy and debridement were immediately performed.Intravenous piperacillin tazobactam was given for 6 days and replaced by amoxicillin clavulanic acid after the culture and sensitivity test was available. Patient recovered completely 5 months post surgery and showed excellence result with normal range of knee joint motion.

This case report suggests that any episode of joint swelling following preexisting typhoid fever should arise the physician's awareness toward the possibility of septic arthritis and warrant immediate as well as proper management.
This case report suggests that any episode of joint swelling following preexisting typhoid fever should arise the physician's awareness toward the possibility of septic arthritis and warrant immediate as well as proper management.
Inguinal hernia is the most frequent hernia of childhood. About 15-20% of females with inguinal hernias, the ovaries and/or the fallopian tubes may be contents of the herniation sac. Meanwhile uterus is very rare to be encountered. Our aim is to alert Pediatric surgeons to such condition and remind them of the important technical steps to treat and manage this condition.

Elective surgery on an 18 months old female child with right inguinal hernia was performed electively through an open inguinal approach; the uterus, fallopian tubes and ovary were found in the hernia sac.

The etiology of the hernia uterine inguinale in general is controversial, however there may be some degree of weakness of the uterine and ovarian suspensory ligament. Thompson noted that if there is failure of fusion of the Mullerian ducts, it leads to increase in the mobility of ovary and uterus, increasing the possibility of herniation of ovary, tubes and uterus. It was reported to be associated with disorders of sexual development. check details Surgical procedure for inguinal hernias containing uterus is often different from the ones containing only the ovary, as these organs are strongly attached to the hernia sac and it has to be freed from the wall of the hernia sac.
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