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A single dosage regarding replication-competent VSV-vectored vaccine expressing SARS-CoV-2 S1 guards versus malware copying in a hamster style of severe COVID-19.
The rotational Doppler shift (RDS) is typically measured by illuminating a rotating target with a laser prepared in a simple, known orbital angular momentum (OAM) superposition. check details We establish theoretically and experimentally that detecting the rotational Doppler shift does not require the incident light to have a well-defined OAM spectrum but instead requires well-defined correlations within the OAM spectrum. We demonstrate measurement of the rotational Doppler shift using spatially incoherent light.We demonstrate a watt-level mid-infrared supercontinuum source, with the spectrum covering the infrared region from 2 to 6.5 µm, in an all-fiber structured laser transmission system. To further improve the SC spectral bandwidth, power and system compactness in the follow-up As2S3 fiber, we theoretically and experimentally explored some knotty problems that would potentially result in the As2S3 fiber end-facet failure and low SC output power during the high-power butt-coupling process and proposed an optimal coupling distance on the premise of the safety of As2S3 fiber end face. In addition, we also built a multi-pulse pumping model for the first time to more precisely estimate the SC spectral evolution in As2S3 fiber. This work will give an important reference to someone who is working on the all-fiber structured, high-power mid- and far-infrared supercontinuum source.Nonlinear interferometers allow for mid-infrared spectroscopy with near-infrared detection using correlated photons. Previous implementations have demonstrated a spectral resolution limited by spectrally selective detection. In our work, we demonstrate mid-infrared transmission spectroscopy in a nonlinear interferometer using single-pixel near-infrared detection and Fourier-transform analysis. A sub-wavenumber spectral resolution allows for rotational-line-resolving spectroscopy of gaseous samples in a spectral bandwidth of over 700 cm-1. We use methane transmission spectra around 3.3 μm wavelength to characterize the spectral resolution, noise limitations and transmission accuracy of our device. The combination of nonlinear interferometry and Fourier-transform analysis paves the way towards performant and efficient mid-infrared spectroscopy with near-infrared detection.We propose and numerically investigate integrated high-contrast gratings (HCGs) for surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) propagating along metal-dielectric interfaces, which consist of periodically arranged silicon pillars located on the gold surface. We demonstrate that such on-chip HCGs can be used as broadband plasmonic mirrors, which have subwavelength footprint in the SPP propagation direction and mean reflectance exceeding 85% in a 200-nm-wide spectral range for both the cases of normal and oblique SPP incidence. In order to increase the HCG efficiency and design practically feasible structures, we utilize a parasitic scattering suppression technique based on the use of two-layer grating pillars. The presented results may find application in two-dimensional optical circuits for steering the SPP propagation.Optically-sectioned structured illumination microscopy (OS-SIM) is broadly used for biological imaging and engineering surface measurement owing to its simple, low-cost, scanning-free experimental setup and excellent optical sectioning capability. However, the efficiency of current optically-sectioned methods in OS-SIM is yet limited for surface measurement because a set of wide-field images under uniform or structured illumination are needed to derive an optical section at each scanning height. In this paper, a deep-learning-based one-shot optically-sectioned method, called Deep-OS-SIM, is proposed to improve the efficiency of OS-SIM for surface measurement. Specifically, we develop a convolutional neural network (CNN) to learn the statistical invariance of optical sectioning across structured illumination images. By taking full advantage of the high entropy properties of structured illumination images to train the CNN, fast convergence and low training error are achieved in our method even for low-textured surfaces. The well-trained CNN is then applied to a plane mirror for testing, demonstrating the ability of the method to reconstruct high-quality optical sectioning from only one instead of two or three raw structured illumination frames. Further measurement experiments on a standard step and milled surface show that the proposed method has similar accuracy to OS-SIM techniques but with higher imaging speed.In this paper, a graphene plasmonic waveguide consisting of Si graded gratings and a SiO2 separator has been designed in order to rainbow trap and release in the mid-infrared frequencies. Tunability of the light trapping and releasing in this proposed structure has been realized thanks to the adjustable chemical potential of the graphene. Using this structure, the light velocity has been decreased by a slowdown factor above 1270 with a trapping bandwidth of 3.5 µm. Due to the high tunability of this miniaturized structure, it can be used in a variety of applications including optical switches, buffers, and storages.We present and model a dark-field illumination scheme for coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (DF-CARS) that highlights the interfaces of an object with chemical sensitivity. The proposed DF-CARS scheme uses dedicated arrangements of the pump kp1, Stokes kS and probe kp2 beams' k-wave-vectors to address the sample's interfaces along the x, y or z axis. The arrangements of the incident k-wave-vectors are derived from the Ewald sphere representation of the outgoing anti-Stokes radiation and the effective CARS excitation wave-vector keff = kp1 + kp2 - kS under the intention to avoid probing the object frequency K(0,0,0), i.e., the contribution of a homogeneous sample (dark-field configuration). We suggest a possible experimental realization using simple masks placed in the back pupil of the excitation microscope objective lens. Applying a full vectorial model, the proposed experimental implementation is numerically investigated on grounds of the Debye-Wolff integral and dynadic Green function to confirm the predicted chemical interface contrast.
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