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Removal of microplastics from wastewater through electrocoagulation-electroflotation along with tissue layer purification functions.
583 and 0.703; and OR, 95% CI 0.341-0.998 and 0.517-0.956, respectively). But famine exposure in late childhood was associated with the higher risk of MS (p = 0.0140; OR 3.096; and OR, 95% CI 1.257-7.625). Famine exposure in early childhood was associated with the lower risk of MS (p = 0.0120; OR 0.633; and OR, 95% CI 0.443-0.904) in males. CONCLUSIONS Famine exposure in mid- and late-childhood was associated with the higher risk of MS, especially in rural, males, and severe famine areas. © 2020 S. Karger AG, Basel.BACKGROUND Diabetic kidney disease is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide. Whether diabetes mellitus (DM) is an additional factor leading to elevated blood pressure (BP) levels and BP variability (BPV) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is unknown. This study aimed to compare ambulatory BP levels, BP trends and BPV in diabetic and non-diabetic patients with CKD. METHODS This study included 48 diabetic and 48 non-diabetic adult patients (>18 years) with CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] less then 90 and ≥15 mL/min/1.73 m2), matched in a 11 ratio for age, sex and eGFR within each CKD stage (2, 3a, 3b and 4). All patients underwent 24-h ambulatory BP measurement with the Mobil-O-graph device. To evaluate the effect of DM and time on the trajectories of 24-h BP levels, we performed two-way mixed ANOVA analysis for repeated measurements using hourly means. BPV was calculated with validated formulas. RESULTS In total, patients with DM had significantly higher 24-h systobetics. These findings may signify a higher cardiovascular risk for patients with both DM and CKD compared to patients with CKD alone, through higher BP levels and BPV. © 2020 S. Karger AG, Basel.Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronical pathological process of the arterial narrows due to the AS plaque formation. The aim of this study was to explore the therapeutic effect and the underlying mechanism of Floralozone on experimental atherosclerotic model rats. Experimental atherosclerotic model rats were induced by the right carotid artery balloon injury and intraperitoneal injection of vitamin D3 in rats after 4 weeks high-fat diet. The results exhibited that Floralozone could ameliorate vascular injury and vasorelaxation of descending aortas and increase the superoxide dismutase activity and the expression of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) 1 and reduce the intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 level, and the malondialdehyde activity in experimental atherosclerotic rats. However, Fingolimod, an S1P1 inhibitor, could reverse these Floralozone effects in experimental atherosclerotic rats. Our results indicated that Floralozone could inhibit the atherosclerotic plaque formation and improves arterial stenosis and reduces endothelial dysfunction in experimental atherosclerotic rats, which might be involved with S1P1 enhancement. © 2019 S. Karger AG, Basel.OBJECTIVE To assess whether the presence of high DHEAS (HD) at 7 years determines different timing, sequence, and rate of pubertal events, and whether it is associated with adrenal and/or ovarian hyperandrogenism and changes in ovarian morphology throughout puberty. METHODS In a longitudinal study of 504 girls, clinical evaluation was performed every 6 months after 7 years of age to detect Tanner stages; hormonal and anthropometric measurements were conducted at thelarche (B2), breast Tanner 4 (B4), and 1 year after menarche; ultrasonographic evaluation was also performed after menarche. The girls were classified as HD if their DHEAS level was >42.1 µg/dL (>75th percentile) around 7 years. RESULTS HD around 7 years is associated with a younger age at thelarche, pubarche, and menarche. Girls with HD had higher androstenedione and total testosterone levels, and a higher free androgen index (FAI), and lower levels of antimüllerian hormone (AMH) at B2, and higher levels of androstenedione and FAI at B4 and after menarche. All these results were significant even after adjusting for body mass index, age at first DHEAS determination, and birth weight. One year after menarche, polycystic ovarian morphology was detected in 7.6 and 7.3% of the HD and the normal DHEAS group, respectively. Ovarian volume was correlated with AMH, testosterone, androstenedione, and LH but not with DHEAS around 7 years. CONCLUSION Prepubertal HD in normal girls was associated with earlier thelarche, pubarche, and menarche, and a mild androgen increase throughout puberty. We believe continuous follow-up of this cohort is important to prospectively address the interrelationships between biochemical adrenarche and early growth as determinants of ovarian function. © 2020 S. Karger AG, Basel.PURPOSE To assess the quantitative differences in the levels of members of the transforming growth factors beta (TGF-β), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), and tissue inhibitor of MMP (TIMP) families in the aqueous humor (AH) of patients who experienced acute primary angle closure (APAC) compared with levels in patients with cataract only. selleck inhibitor METHODS AH samples were collected from 26 patients with APAC and cataract as well as 26 patients with age-related cataract only. Multiplex assays were used to measure the concentrations of TGF-β1, -2, and -3; MMP-1, 2, -7, -9, and -10; and TIMP-1 and -2. RESULTS The concentrations of TGF-β1, TGF-β2, MMP-2, (p less then 0.001) and TIMP1 were significantly higher (all P less then 0.001) in AH samples from patients with APAC versus cataract only. Conversely, the AH concentrations of MMP-7 (P=0.524), MMP-9 (P=0.103), MMP-10 (P=0.111), and TIMP-2 (P=0.059) did not differ significantly between the groups. The concentrations of TGF-β3 and MMP-1 were below the respective detection limits in most AH samples. CONCLUSION The AH levels of TGF-β1, TGF-β2, MMP-2, and TIMP-1 were elevated in eyes with APAC. Such altered protein levels could induce abnormal deposition of extracellular matrix in the trabecular meshwork, resulting in an increase in aqueous outflow resistance, and thereby, providing a possible explanation of the mechanism of residual glaucoma after cataract surgery. © 2020 S. Karger AG, Basel.
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