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Antagonizing S1P3 Receptor along with Cell-Penetrating Pepducins in Bone Muscle Fibrosis.
ave higher intraocular pressure.Clinical relevance Home-isolation and social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic caused increased use of digital devices, posing a greater risk of developing digital eye strain-related symptoms. Eye-care professionals should educate patients about limiting screen time and managing digital eye strain symptoms.Background This study aimed to evaluate the COVID-19 isolation's impact on digital device use by comparing hours spent on digital devices before and during the 24-hour curfew in Saudi Arabia, while assessing the symptoms associated with digital eye strain.Methods A self-reported questionnaire was used to compare the total hours per day, either continuous or intermittent, spent on digital devices during and before curfew, and the association of these durations with digital eye strain.Results A total of 1,939 participants, (mean ± SD 33 ± 12.2 years and 72% women) were recruited. Results showed a significant difference between usage duration before and during curfew. Digital eye strain incidence was 78% during the curfew. Chi-squared analysis indicated most symptoms are associated with usage duration and employment status. Multivariate analysis revealed significant associations between digital eye strain and the following factors using more than one device (odds ratio 1.208, 95% confidence interval 1.068-1.3661), age, optical correction, employment status, gender, using rewetting drops, and usage duration.Conclusions In this population, prolonged use of digital devices significantly increased during home-isolation. Digital eye strain incidence increased during curfew. Regular eye exams should be encouraged to ensure the use of optimum prescription use and meet the specific visual demands required for the use of digital devices. Eye-health strategies and awareness campaigns should be employed on the importance of regular eye exams, decreasing screen time, practising the 20-20-20 rule, and the use of rewetting drops to help reduce the symptoms of digital eye strain during this period.Clinical relevance This study was conducted to evaluate five-year outcomes of MyoRing implantation in patients with keratoconus. The results showed that MyoRing implantation is a minimally invasive procedure and is safe and effective for improving visual acuity and refraction in most patients with keratoconus.Background The long-term effects of MyoRing implantation on corneal features were studied.Methods A total of 48 keratoconic eyes of 43 consecutive patients who had undergone MyoRing implantation using the Pocket Maker microkeratome (Dioptex, gmbh, Linz, Austria) and who had completed five years of follow‑ups were included in this retrospective study. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), refraction and keratometry (K) readings were measured and assessed pre-operation, and five years post-operatively. As well, post-operation satisfaction was assessed using a validated questionnaire.Results Five years post-operatively, there was a significant improvement in UDVA, CDVA, K readings, spherical equivalent (SE), and manifest sphere and cylinder (p less then 0.001). Mean UDVA was 1.20 logMAR before the surgery and 0.42 after the surgery (p less then 0.001). Mean CDVA was 0.63 logMAR before the surgery and 0.20 logMAR after the surgery (p less then 0.001). SE was improved from -6.53 dioptres (D) before the surgery to -2.23 D after the surgery (p less then 0.001). HPK1IN2 Moreover, the results show that the mean K was reduced by 2.82 D after the surgery (p = 0.001). Overall, 81% of patients were moderately to highly satisfied five years after surgery.Conclusion MyoRing implantation was found to be a minimally invasive procedure, and is safe and effective for improving visual acuity and refraction in most patients with keratoconus.Clinical relevance Retinopathy of prematurity is a preventable blinding disorder worldwide. Laser photocoagulation is said to be the gold standard care of treatment. However, various factors are known to affect the outcome.Background The purpose of this study was to analyse the risk factors in patients with laser treatment requiring retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and the outcome of 532 nm NdYAG laser photocoagulation (LP).Methods Patients who underwent LP for ROP at a tertiary referral centre between January 2012 and January 2019 were enrolled. Those who were born and followed-up at the institution of the authors were in Group 1 and those who were born and followed-up elsewhere and referred to the authors for treatment were in Group 2. The clinical features, gestational ages, birth weights, and data regarding the treatment were retrospectively reviewed. The need for pars plana vitrectomy was taken as a poor outcome.Results The mean gestational age and birth rate was 26.7 ± 1.9 weeks and 927.2 ± 263.5 grams, respectively, in Group 1 (57 infants, 111 eyes); and 28.5 ± 2.5 weeks and 1174.8 ± 385 grams, respectively, in Group 2 (66 infants, 131eyes) (p less then 0.001 for both). The extent of the disease (p less then 0.001), the zone of the disease (p = 0.002), and the timing of LP (p less then 0.001) were significantly different between groups. In the whole cohort, the zone (p = 0.006) and stage (p less then 0.001) of the disease, aggressive posterior disease (p = 0,009), and tunica vasculosa lentis were found to significantly interfere with the outcome.Conclusion Eyes with more severe disease undergoing timely treatment and eyes with less severe disease undergoing delayed management had similar prognosis. A favourable outcome was obtained with 532 nm green laser in ROP.Clinical relevance Contact lens (CL) compliance studies are beneficial to identify potential risks, take necessary measures, and issue warnings on time.Background Understanding CL compliance is crucial to ensure that individuals maintain healthy and appropriate CL wear. The present study aims to assess knowledge and awareness about soft CLs; the degree of non-compliance among soft CL wearers; and the associations of these with demographic features.Methods A comprehensive questionnaire composed of 44 questions was used to assess the demographic characteristics, hygiene care, habits, knowledge, opinions, awareness and experiences of 109 soft CL wearers. The survey was conducted between September 2019 and March 2020.Results The mean non-compliance rates were 35.4% and 11.2% for hand-washing and hand-drying; 77.8% for rubbing/rinsing of the CLs; and 37.0%, 50.5%, and 31.6% for swimming, showering, and overnight sleeping with the CLs in, respectively. Women were more compliant in manual cleaning and rinsing of the CL storage cases with lens solution (p = 0.
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