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Disadvantaged hepatic counterregulatory response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia throughout hepatic denervated pigs.
This scientific commentary refers to ‘NLRP3 inflammasome as prognostic factor and therapeutic target in primary progressive multiple sclerosis patients’, by Malhotra et al. (doi10.1093/brain/awaa084).Bladder cancer is the tenth most common cancer worldwide and has been associated with high mortality and morbidity. Although the treatment of bladder cancer is based on well-defined tumor classifications and gradings, patients still experience different clinical response. The heterogeneity of this disease calls for substantial research with more in-depth molecular characterization, with the hope of identifying new diagnostic and treatment options. In recent years, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), particularly, microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) were found to be associated with bladder cancer occurrence and development. This review highlights the recent findings concerning ncRNAs and their relevance to the pathogenesis of bladder cancer. This may provide a foundation for developing highly specific diagnostic tools and more robust therapeutic strategies in the future.Synaptic transmission is a complex process, dysregulation of which underlies several neurological conditions. Eflornithine Decarboxylase inhibitor Collapsin response mediator protein 2 (CRMP2) is a microtubule associated protein expressed ubiquitously in the central nervous system. Identified initially in the context of Semaphorin 3A (Collapsin) induced growth cone collapse, more recent findings revealed the involvement of CRMP2 in ion channel trafficking, kinesin-dependent axonal transport and maintenance of intracellular calcium homeostasis. CRMP2 is a synaptic protein, expressed at pre- and post-synaptic sites. Interactions with proteins such as N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, syntaxin1A as well as voltage-gated calcium and sodium channels, suggest that CRMP2 may control both the electrical and chemical components of synaptic transmission. This short review will outline the known synaptic interactions of CRMP2 and illustrate its role in synaptic transmission, thereby introducing CRMP2 as a prospective target for the pathophysiological modulation of aberrant synaptic activity.The three classes of immune checkpoint inhibitors can be associated with optic neuritis, which typically presents with bilateral, painless visual decline. Visual function stabilized with drug cessation and systemic steroids.Purpose The purpose of this systematic review is to assess whether a standardized dietary supplementation can help to decrease postoperative muscle atrophy and/or improve rehabilitation outcomes in patients who underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL-R). Methods A systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases were searched, and articles that examined protein or amino acid, vitamin, or any other type of supplementation in ACL-R were reviewed. Two independent reviewers conducted the search utilizing pertinent Boolean operations. Results A total of 1,818 articles were yielded after our database search. Ten studies fulfilled our inclusion criteria and only assessed patients undergoing ACL-R. Four studies assessed protein-based supplementation. One study assessed creatine as a supplement. Four studies assessed vitamin-based supplementation. One study assessed testosteronecommend a specific protein-based supplementation protocol at this time for patients undergoing ACL-R. Limited evidence suggests no benefit for creatine, vitamin, or hormone-based protocols.This editorial shows how the principles of demand-capacity modelling lead to the conclusion that COVID-19 disease will require the UK NHS to run its serves at a far higher working capacity (in terms of hospital, intensive care and social care beds, operating theatres and staff) than it has been used to. The analysis leads to key questions that should form the basis for rational planning in a post-COVID NHS.Eating disorders are severe mental health conditions, with substantial consequences for health and quality of life. Such disorders are strongly associated with body image concerns. It is important to consider treatments that might enhance our ability to treat such cases. Recently, there has been a growing body of research on self-compassion in relation to such problems. However, we are not yet clear about the extent of such effects, given the range of studies and methodologies used. Therefore, a systematic literature review was carried out using four key databases. Meta-analysis was used to reach conclusions about the size of the effects and moderators. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted with 59 studies. Higher self-compassion was associated with lower eating pathology, reduced body image concerns, and greater positive body image, with medium to strong effect sizes (respectively, r = -0.34, r = -0.45, r = 0.52). Furthermore, self-compassion interventions for eating pathology and body image were effective, and superior to control groups (respectively, g = 0.58, g = 0.39). These findings support the role of self-compassion in understanding and addressing eating and body image concerns. Self-compassion appears to be an adaptive emotion regulation strategy in eating disorders and body image.The clinical presentation and mortality rate in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients with COVID-19 are not well established. Recent data from Italy and Spain suggest that these patients present with wide range of symptoms, with a significant portion being asymptomatic. There is prolonged positivity of pharyngeal swabs in MHD patients. The mortality rates are very high, reaching almost 30%. These data highlight the importance of diligent oversight and care of MHD patients during COVID-19 pandemic.Objective This study aimed to report a case series of pregnant women in New York City with confirmed or presumed coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infection. Study design Beginning March 22, 2020, all pregnant women from one large obstetrical practice in New York City were contacted regularly to inquire about symptoms of COVID-19 (fever, cough, shortness of breath, malaise, anosmia), or sick contacts. A running log was kept of these patients, as well as all patients who underwent COVID-19 testing. For this report, we included every patient with suspected COVID-19 infection, which was defined as at least two symptoms, or a positive COVID-19 nasopharyngeal polymerase chain reaction test. Results From March 22, 2020 until April 30, 2020, 757 pregnant women in our practice were evaluated and 92 had known or suspected COVID-19 (12.2%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 10.0-14.7%). Of these 92 women, 33 (36%) had positive COVID-19 test results. Only one woman required hospital admission for 5 days due to COVID-19 (1.1%, 95% CI 0.
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