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Real-world efficiency along with basic safety associated with multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitors in radioiodine refractory hypothyroid cancer.
Older patients now form between 30 and 40% of breast cancer (BC) patients. Managing older patients with BC is particularly challenging due to the limited availability of high-quality evidence. In this review we discuss the available evidence on the efficacy and safety of anti-HER2 agents in older patients with HER2-positive BC is presented, with a particular look at the latest results of promising new agents such trastuzumab-deruxtecan. The data suggest that older patients can expect similar efficacy when using standard regimens, with higher toxicity, particular cardiac toxicity and diarrhea. Anti-HER2 agents should thus be used in most older patients most as per standard of care as long as adequate follow-up is available to manage toxicities.Melanoma is the most lethal form of skin cancer. New technologies have resulted in major advances in the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and other cancer types. Recently, some studies have investigated the role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in different cancers. CircRNAs are a member of long noncoding RNA family mainly formed through back-splicing and have a closed-loop structure. These molecules affect several biological and oncogenic cascades in diverse ways via acting as microRNA sponge, interacting with RNA-binding proteins and acting as a transcription regulator. In this review, we made an insight into the impact of circRNA dysregulation in the melanoma tumorigenesis based on the presented evidences.Aim To assess the potential of biomarker triage testing (BM-TT) in the Dutch colorectal cancer (CRC) screening program. Materials & methods Using the Adenoma and Serrated pathway to Colorectal CAncer model, we simulated fecal immunochemical test (FIT)47-screening and various FIT plus BM-TT screening scenarios in which only individuals with both a positive FIT and BM-TT are referred to colonoscopy. Results Adding a low polyp sensitivity BM-TT to FIT-screening reduced colonoscopy burden (89-100%) while increasing CRC mortality (27-41%) compared with FIT47-screening only. The FIT plus high polyp sensitivity BM-TT scenarios also decreased colonoscopy burden (71-89%) while hardly affecting CRC mortality (FIT47 0-4% increase, FIT15 2-7% decrease). Conclusion Adding a BM-TT to FIT-screening considerably reduces colonoscopy burden, but could also decrease screening effectiveness. ISO-1 inhibitor Combining FIT15 with a high polyp sensitivity BM-TT seems most promising.Background Finding a new target or a new drug to overcome chemoresistance is difficult due to the heterogenous nature of cancer. Meta-analysis was performed to combine the analysis of different microarray studies to get a robust discovery. Materials & methods Herein, we analyzed three microarray datasets on combination of folinic acid, fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin drugs (FOLFOX) resistance that fit our inclusion/exclusion criteria and performed a meta-analysis using the OmiCC system. Results We identified several deregulated genes and we discovered HNF4A as a hub gene. We performed functional validation and observed that by targeting HNF4A, HCT116 cells were more sensitive toward both oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil significantly. Conclusion Our findings show that HNF4A could be a potential target in overcoming FOLFOX chemoresistance in colorectal cancer.Background In patients with suspected myocardial infarction (MI), we sought to validate a machine learning-driven, multibiomarker panel for prediction of incident major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Methodology/results A previously described prognostic panel for MACE consisting of four biomarkers was measured in 748 patients with suspected MI. The investigated end point was incident MACE within 1 year. The prognostic value of a continuous score and an optimal cutoff was investigated. The area under the curve was 0.86 for the overall model. Using the optimal cutoff resulted in a negative predictive value of 99.4% for incident MACE. Patients with an elevated prognostic score were at high risk for MACE. Conclusion Among patients with suspected MI, we validated a multibiomarker panel for predicting 1-year MACE. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02355457.Aim The diagnostic and prognostic role of procalcitonin (PCT) and mid-regional-pro-adrenomedullin (MR-proADM) were investigated in patients with pneumonia. Material & methods A total of 168 and 77 patients with pneumonia enrolled in two different hospital settings, an internal medicine unit and an emergency unit were included in the study. PCT and MR-proADM plasma concentrations and pneumonia severity index score were measured. Median values were compared by Mann-Whitney's test. Receiver operating characteristic analysis and rank correlation were used to define the diagnostic and prognostic accuracy. Results PCT confirmed the diagnostic role at values 0.08-0.10 ng/ml and MR-proADM the prognostic role for severe pneumonia. Significant correlation (p less then 0.0001) between MR-proADM and pneumonia severity index score indicated expression of pneumonia severity. Conclusion This combination of biomarkers presents a high positive predictive value in pneumonia diagnosis and prognosis.Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of osteopontin (OPN) as a marker for left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and its reversibility after surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). Patients & methods Echocardiographic data and OPN plasma levels of 149 consecutive patients undergoing SAVR were obtained preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively. OPN was measured by Quantikine Human OPN immunoassay. Results There was a significant correlation between higher OPN plasma levels and lower LV-mass regression. In patients receiving SAVR combined with coronary artery bypass grafting, high OPN plasma levels were also an indicator for eccentric hypertrophy phenotype. Conclusion OPN may be a useful indicator for LV hypertrophy phenotype and could have a prognostic value to estimate LV-mass regression after SAVR.Background This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of microRNA-33b (miR-33b) in glioma patients and its biological function in tumor progression. Materials & methods Expression of miR-33b was measured using quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Diagnostic and prognostic values of miR-33b were assessed by the receiver operating characteristics curve and Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival assay. The functional role of miR-33b was further analyzed. Results Expression of miR-33b in glioma patients and cells was decreased. Expression of miR-33b had high diagnostic accuracy and could predict a poor prognosis. Overexpression of miR-33b led to suppressed glioma cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Conclusion Decreased expression of miR-33b serves a promising biomarker in the diagnosis and prognosis of glioma, and may be a potential therapeutic target.
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