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Binding involving RuCp complexes using human being apo-transferrin: fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular docking techniques.
In this case report, we describe a sexual assault incident in which the male victim's seminal fluid contained no sperm cells, as indicated by sperm cell staining and microscopic screening, and DNA profiling results from the non-sperm cell fraction showed a major/minor DNA mixture that could be interpreted as female and male. DNA profiling of a sample from a disposable drinking cup used by the victim at the crime scene provided a single source profile, and showed a 21 imbalance between the heights of the X and Y chromosomes, respectively. The victim's DNA reference sample showed a similar imbalance of the X and Y chromosomes. These observations suggested that the victim might suffer from Klinefelter syndrome, a genetic disorder related to the sex chromosomes. Here, we describe the first reported use of the QIAGEN Investigator® Argus X-12 kit for characterization of X-chromosomal STR loci to potentially identify a case of Klinefelter syndrome. JAK/stat pathway This commercially available kit is primarily used in forensic laboratories to investigate kinship relations and for paternity testing in alleged father/daughter cases. Results of the X chromosome DNA profiling from the victim's disposable drinking cup and reference samples revealed two alleles at various X-chromosomal STR loci. Moreover, this kit can also amplify a Y chromosome specific sequence (AMEL-Y), and the results indicated that this sample actually originated from a male. Evidence of two X chromosomes in the victim's DNA suggested that he was likely to have Klinefelter syndrome. In this case report, we propose the use of the QIAGEN Investigator® Argus X-12 kit as a practical forensic tool for the detection of potential genetic syndromes related to the sex chromosomes, which can affect test results and, at times, make them difficult to interpret. We also aim to increase awareness within the forensic science community regarding the existence of genetic anomalies, which should be considered when analyzing DNA profiles.With continuous innovations in laser printing technology, the number of cases of falsification using laser printers is increasing annually. Difficulties in identifying printing alternations, especially laser-printed alternations by the same printer are increasing. Effectively, repeated printing on the same page by the same printer means the original toner on the document was fused repeatedly. Thus, this study mainly investigates the effects of second fusing on the microscopic morphology of toner to examine whether documents have been tampered with. To detect the influence of fusing on the microscopic morphology of toner, 170 documents printed by 17 different models of laser printers from 5 brands were studied. It was found that, according to microscopic observations, the micrographs of toner may become brighter, darker or both with repetition of the fusing process. By calculating the average gray value of the micrographs of toner, it was found that, in some laser printers, the gray value of the thermoplastic accumulation area will increase after a second fusing, and the gray value of the toner particle dispersion area will decrease. In conclusion, by comparing the micrographs of toner from suspicious and reliable contents on the same page or in the same document, together with the measurement and analysis of average gray values, it is possible to examine the once- and twice-fused document contents, and further determine whether the document has been altered.Forensic odontology identification scales are used to express certainty of identifications of deceased persons. These standardized scales are assumed to convey unambiguous expert opinions and facilitate communication between forensic odontologists and end users. However, to date no studies have investigated how the experts interpret and use these scales. Forensic odontology identification scales are used to express certainty of identifications of deceased persons. These standardized scales are assumed to convey unambiguous expert opinions and facilitate communication between forensic odontologists and end users. However, to date no studies have investigated how the experts interpret and use these scales. This paper aims to examine the interpretation of the DVISYS forensic identification scale and choices of the levels in the scale subsequent to, and derived from, comparison of pairs of dental radiographs by extending the analysis of the data collected in the study by Page and Lain et. al. 2017. The studied vaeported confidence was systematically correlated to difficulty. Furthermore, indicated confidence level was correlated with choice of level on the scale in general, but the interpretation of the definition and application of the terms varied. The findings reported here contribute to the foundational knowledge of factors governing the interpretation and application of the DVISYS forensic odontology identification scale and suggest that this scale may need to be modified.Evaluation of forensic evidence using Bayesian statistics requires the formulation of hypotheses. Many hypotheses, especially those presenting the defence viewpoint imply that traces can be attributed to an arbitrary member of a relevant population. The exact items or persons that comprise the relevant population may vary from case to case. Therefore, the statistical evaluation of evidential value based on databases cannot make use of a fixed set of items or persons. In the current paper, methodology is presented to filter the contents of a database such that only items that are considered relevant are selected. Six scenarios, including those related to fibre, textile, and glass evidence are described, together with the hypotheses and relevant populations that may be evaluated by an expert. In addition, we show how items representing the defined relevant population can be extracted from a database using SQL code. Images of the items in the (filtered) relevant population provide an overview of the selected items and hence direct feedback to the examiner. In this way, erroneous codes or unwanted side effects can be identified and corrected. It is concluded that the filtering procedure is effective in cases where the relevant population is demarcated accurately.
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