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Wood Burning Fires Need to Be Hot and Clean
The warmth and ambiance of wood-burning fires are not only soothing and mesmerizing but also essential to our health and well-being. However, they must be clean and hot to function effectively.
Green, or unseasoned wood is very moist which makes it difficult to burn and light efficiently. The seasoned, or kiln dried wood has a lower moisture content and is easier to ignite and keep burning.
Efficient Combustion
The fire in the wood must be hot enough to snuff out water and reach temperatures that exceed 540 degrees F. The process of producing heat from secondary combustion begins at 900 degrees F (in ideal conditions). This is the first step in efficient combustion of fuel and minimizing emissions and smoke in the flue.
It is important to know that the temperature required for secondary combustion is contingent on the type of fuel and the surrounding conditions. Use seasoned firewood that has less than 20% to limit these variations.
The quantity of air being delivered to a fire will also have a significant impact on the energy output and time to burn. The more oxygen that is available, the hotter the fire will burn. A wood fire will produce less energy and burn slower when the air supply is limited.
A fireplace or wood stove insert with an adjustable air damper can increase the time to burn and efficiency. A wide open setting allows the fire to consume all the oxygen available and will quickly exhaust the fuel that is usable. A fire that is contained within an area of limited size is less likely to spread.
A well-dried load of firewood is also crucial for efficient wood burning. If wood is cut fresh and hasn't had time to dry it will have a high water content that may make it difficult to burn. For the best performance, it is recommended that you only use seasoned wood that has been stored outside for six to nine month.
The BTU content of wood is a different factor to consider. White pine and spruce could be less expensive than eastern hardwoods such as shagbark, hickory, and black locust, however their BTU values are higher. This means they'll produce more heat for the same amount of wood. This is why it's crucial to take into consideration your heating requirements and fuel costs when selecting your firewood.
Clean Burning
Wood smoke produces indoor air pollutants that can irritate the lungs and can cause respiratory distress, particularly for seniors and children. These pollutants include volatile aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) like benzo-a pyrene and formaldehyde, as well as volatile organic compounds, such as benzene. Volatile Tars (such as creosote) are also released when firewood burns.
Smoke from older, poorly-designed wood stoves and fireplaces can contribute to poor outdoor air quality, decreasing visibility and causing photochemical pollution. However, new clean burning fireplaces and wood stoves with modern combustion technology, when used properly can significantly reduce the emission.
Stage 1 - Moisture Vaporizes As the log gets heated, it releases water vapor that escapes down the chimney flue. This is more energy-intensive than if the log was dried before burning. This is a waste of energy which could be used to warm your home.
These vapors combine in the flue with carbon particles, resulting in smoke. Smoke is among the major sources of particulate matter and smog that is found in the air.
If used properly when used correctly, wood stoves and fireplaces using clean burn technology can help reduce the risk of this issue by burning the logs into a charcoal-like state that releases less volatile gasses and generates the majority of the energy produced by the log as usable heat.
Avoid using damp, sour or rotten wood to light your fire. It is more difficult to burn and creates more creosote. Also, don't overload your stove with soft and thin wood such as fir or pine; it takes more energy to burn them, and they also produce more smoke, which can lead to chimney fires.
Always wait until the ashes have cooled before handling them. Dispose of or store ashes in a safe manner. They could ignite again if exposed to water, and are hazardous in landfills. Use them in your garden or at home.
Storing, seasoning and properly burning your wood will help you save money and keep your stove running efficiently. Regularly cleaning your chimney is crucial to get rid of creosote, particulates, and other debris that is deposited. This can also stop chimney fires and ensure safe operation.
Safety
It's difficult to beat a warm fire on a chilly winter night However, security precautions should be taken. If fires are not constructed correctly, left unattended or burned the risk of dangerous fumes entering the home. learn more builds up in the chimney. These deposits can clog up the chimney and restrict the flow of air, making your wood stove or furnace to not work as efficiently.
Never burn painted or treated wood, household garbage, rags, paper and other combustible materials inside your wood-burning fireplace or stove. They release toxic fumes such as carbon dioxide, and release toxic gasses. Don't use explosive liquids to ignite fires. Gasoline, lighter fluid, and kerosene could cause chimney fires that can cause emissions to rise and cause toxic creosote.
Keep combustibles such as furniture curtains, toys, and other items at a safe distance from your fireplace or stove. Do not hang clothes near or on your fireplace with wood burning. Make sure your children know that the fireplace is extremely hot and should not be touched.
Only use seasoned wood in your stove or fireplace. The wood that has been seasoned has been dried out over the summer months to lessen moisture. The wood that is damp produces more creosote and smoke, while seasoned logs burn more efficiently and cleanly. Seasoned wood looks darker, has cracks in the end grain, and is hollow when tapping. Store your wood outside, neatly stacking them with the top partially covered but still allowing air circulation to them.
The appliances that are overloaded generate more smoke, but less warmth. In addition, overloaded fires can produce dangerous levels of carbon monoxide. If you own an older appliance with an iron liner, you should inspect it frequently for indications of wear. This can lead to a chimney fire.
The EPA recommends reducing smoke in your home by using dry, split and well-seasoned wood, and then constructing a warm fire with small pieces. Avoid soft woods such as pine. Pine is a great starting material for the fire, but it shouldn't be used for more than. These softer woods have resin and sap, which, when burnt, deposits excessive creosote into the chimney.
Maintenance
The warmth of a wood-burning fireplace is a wonderful way to enjoy the winter nights. It is essential to maintain the fireplace to get the most out of it. Regularly cleaning and inspecting your fireplace is the best way to prevent problems that could arise. This prevents excessive creosote accumulation and keeps the chimney clear for maximum efficiency.
Creosote is a dark, crusty flammable material that forms in the flue when wood doesn't burn completely. When a lot of creosote is accumulated it can cause chimney fires. These are the second most frequent cause of fires in homes across the United States. The inability of a fire to completely burn can be caused by a number of causes such as dampers that are not properly sealed, cracks in the liner of the chimney, and a lack or regular cleaning and ash removal.
Wood that is not properly seasoned can cause the buildup of creosote in excess. Water can make up half of the weight of a wood piece. The water boils during fire and releases heat. It also consumes energy. The resulting water vapor is then condensed into creosote and released into the air as part of the smoke.
Soot is another noxious product of burning wood. Soot, though less dense than creosote, can impede airflow and stick to walls. It is also an ignition hazard since it is a natural igniter when exposed to combustible gases.
The ashes should be removed and put them in a metal ash container that you can keep outside on a non-flammable surface. The ashes can also be used as an energy source for plants So don't forget to spread them out across the backyard!
It is recommended to have your fireplace and chimney examined by a Regency Dealer Certified. The technician will look for cracks, creosote and soot levels, a properly shut damper and the condition of the catalyst. If you have a two-stage fireplace which includes an air tube, the catalyst should be removed and visually inspected for blockages. Refer to your user manual for directions on how to do this for your particular unit.
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