Notes

PDE-guided tank processing pertaining to impression denoising using little information.
From January 2010 to August 2019, 40 men (18 after TURP and 22 after OSP) underwent ISBPA at a single institution. Mean age was 67years (54-82). Mean stricture length was 2.6cm (1-6) with obliterative stricture identified in 10 (25%). At a mean follow-up of 53months (10-122), 36 men (90%) are free of stricture recurrence and 34 (85%) were completely dry or using one security pad.

This novel intrasphincteric urethroplasty technique for stricture following BPH surgery is feasible and safe, allowing successful reconstruction with continence preservation in most patients. A larger series and reproduction in other centers is needed.
This novel intrasphincteric urethroplasty technique for stricture following BPH surgery is feasible and safe, allowing successful reconstruction with continence preservation in most patients. A larger series and reproduction in other centers is needed.
In the last decade non-technical skills (NTS) have emerged as a vital area for improvement within surgery. This study aims to develop and evaluate a Non-technical Skills for Urological Surgeons (NoTSUS) training curriculum and assessment scale.

This international, longitudinal and observational study began with a 3-round Delphi methodology to refine curriculum contents and rating scale. Sessions with up to four participants were delivered where each candidate undertook an independent scenario within the validated full immersion simulation environment. Candidates were assessed using both the NoTSS (Non-technical Skills for Surgeons) and NoTSUS rating scales by NTS-trained and non-trained experts. A post-training evaluation survey was distributed.

62 participants comprising trainees (n = 43) and specialists (n = 19) undertook the NoTSUS course. The NoTSS and NoTSUS scales correlated well, with a mean difference of 3.3 in the overall total (p = 0.10, r = 0.53). However, there was significant differences in NTS in future training. Demonstration of inter-rater reliability indicates that the scale is reliable for use in assessment by expert faculty members. Furthermore, qualitative feedback from participants suggests gain of transferrable skills over the course.In their article Psychology a Giant with Feet of Clay, Zagaria, Andò and Zennaro aim to clean up the confusing and inconsistent conceptual landscape in current psychology. They find that evolutionary psychology with its dialectical focus on nature and nurture could be the unifying meta-theory that contemporary psychology is depending on in order to compete with harder sciences, such as biology and physiology. The aim of developing a unified conceptual consensus in psychology is flattering. However, the view depends on a worldview that one can reach a psychological science with objective properties through universal concepts that are non-effected by cognitive factors. My point of view is that psychological concepts carry a great deal of implicit theoretical baggage because they come with rich connotations, acquired through everyday usage. My view has got a methodological point that leads to considerations concerning the question how psychologists are to study concepts in order to understand them? To grasp the meaning of a given concept in its context means to understand not only its literal meaning but also how it can be applied to the world and what is done by it. All these dimensions of the meaning of a concept are deeply rooted in the respective diachronic and synchronic contexts, and that is why a psychologist should be radically prepared to change her or his expectations considering the meaning of any concept under study.The aim of this study is to present the SurgeForce system, a tissue handling training device for analysis of dynamic force applied to the tissue and objective assessment of basic surgical skills during the suture process. The SurgeForce system consists of a mechanical base formed by two platforms joint with three stainless steel springs and a three axial digital accelerometer attached to the upper platform, which detects the dynamic force caused by a surgeon when performing a suture task over a synthetic tissue pad. AD80 Accelerometer data is sent to a control unit where preprocessing to transform the raw data into a force signal is done, and then, the force signal is sent to a computer application, which register the force exerted over the synthetic tissue pad. For validation, 17 participants (6 surgeons and 11 medical students) performed three simple interrupted sutures with knot tying using the SurgeForce system. Ten force-based metrics were proposed to evaluate their performance during the suturing task. Results of the validation showed statistical differences in 8 of 10 force-based parameters for assessment of basic surgical skills during the suture task. The SurgeForce system demonstrated its capacity to differentiate force-based performance of surgeons and medical students. The SurgeForce system has been successfully validated. This system was able to distinguish force performance between experts and novices, showing its potential to distinguish surgeons with basic suture skills from those who are not yet prepared.Mitochondrial abnormalities accelerate the progression of ischemic brain damage. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is mainly found in mitochondria and affects almost all major aspects of mitochondrial function. Luteolin, a flavonoid with diverse biological properties, including antioxidant activity, inhibition of cell apoptosis and regulation of autophagy. It also modulates the activity of AMP activated kinase and/or sirtuin 1 (SIRT 1) by regulating the expression of sirtuins. We investigated the protective effects of luteolin on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. It was found through experiments that luteolin reduced the infarcted area of MCAO rat model, and based on the experimental results, it was inferred that luteolin affected the AMPK, mTOR and SIRT3 pathways, thereby protecting brain cells. As expected, we found that luteolin can reduce the neurological function score, the degree of cerebral edema, the cerebral infarction volume, alleviate morphological changes in the cortex and hippocampus, increase neuron survival and decrease the number of apoptotic neurons.
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