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Leaking Engineering Utilize Amongst Teen E-Cigarette Users.
Adolescent Peer Relations Instrument-Bully/Target (APRI-BT) is a multidimensional scale designed to assess bullying involvement both as target and perpetrator. Although existing research has shown that the APRI-BT satisfies the assumption of measurement invariance across age and gender, these findings come from western individualistic countries (e.g., Australia). This study aimed to investigate the factorial structure and measurement invariance across age, gender, and clinical status in a sample of Romanian youths. Participants were 1,024 adolescents, 10 to 18 years, recruited from both community and clinical setting. Our results confirmed a six first-order factor structure and two second-order factors (Bully including Bullying Physical, Bullying Verbal, Bullying Social and Victimization including Physical Victimization, Verbal Victimization, Social Victimization). In addition, measurement invariance across age, gender, and clinical status was demonstrated. This study identifies APRI-BT as an instrument with solid psychometric proprieties for measuring bullying and victimization among preadolescents and adolescents.Objective To investigate effect of microsurgical varicocele repair on sexual functions and serum total testosterone level in infertile hypogonadal men with varicocele, and also to determine factors that might predict improvement in total testosterone level after surgery.Methods The study included 202 infertile hypogonadal men (total testosterone level of less then 3.5 ng/mL) with varicocele who underwent microsurgical sub-inguinal varicocele repair.Results Mean serum total testosterone level significantly increased from 2.55 ± 0.66 ng/mL to 3.72 ± 1.34 ng/mL after varicocelectomy (p = .000), and 105 patients (52%) had serum total testosterone level of ≥3.5 ng/mL after the surgery. Mean international index of erectile functions (IIEF-EF) score significantly increased from 27.47 ± 2.96 to 28.61 ± 2.02, post-operatively (p = .000). Of the patients who had pre-operative IIEF-EF score of ≤26, 65.5% had IIEF-EF score of ≥26 after varicocelectomy. Of the patients who had pre-operative decreased libido, 86.6% had post-operative increased libido. Only older patient age was the predictor for having total testosterone level of ≥3.5 ng/mL after the surgery (p = .031).Conclusions Data suggest that serum total testosterone level, IIEF-EF score and sexual libido significantly increase after varicocele surgery. As the age increases, total testosterone level increased after varicocele surgery. Therefore, varicocele repair could be offered to hypogonadal men with clinically varicocele.Background Limited information exists regarding procedural success and clinical outcomes in patients with previous coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We sought to compare outcomes in patients undergoing PCI with or without CABG. Methods and Results This was an observational cohort study of 123 780 consecutive PCI procedures from the Pan-London (UK) PCI registry from 2005 to 2015. The primary end point was all-cause mortality at a median follow-up of 3.0 years (interquartile range, 1.2-4.6 years). A total of 12 641(10.2%) patients had a history of previous CABG, of whom 29.3% (n=3703) underwent PCI to native vessels and 70.7% (n=8938) to bypass grafts. There were significant differences in the demographic, clinical, and procedural characteristics of these groups. The risk of mortality during follow-up was significantly higher in patients with prior CABG (23.2%; P=0.0005) compared with patients with no prior CABG (12.1%) and was seen for patients who underwent either native vessel (20.1%) or bypass graft PCI (24.2%; P less then 0.0001). However, after adjustment for baseline characteristics, there was no significant difference in outcomes seen between the groups when PCI was performed in native vessels in patients with previous CABG (hazard ratio [HR],1.02; 95%CI, 0.77-1.34; P=0.89), but a significantly higher mortality was seen among patients with PCI to bypass grafts (HR,1.33; 95% CI, 1.03-1.71; P=0.026). This was seen after multivariate adjustment and propensity matching. Conclusions Patients with prior CABG were older with greater comorbidities and more complex procedural characteristics, but after adjustment for these differences, the clinical outcomes were similar to the patients undergoing PCI without prior CABG. In these patients, native-vessel PCI was associated with better outcomes compared with the treatment of vein grafts.Background Current mammalian models for heart regeneration research are limited to neonatal apex amputation and myocardial infarction, both of which are controversial. RNAseq has demonstrated a very limited set of differentially expressed genes between sham and operated hearts in myocardial infarction models. Here, we investigated in rats whether pressure overload in the right ventricle, a common phenomenon in children with congenital heart disease, could be used as a better animal model for heart regeneration studies when considering cardiomyocyte proliferation as the most important index. Methods and Results In the rat model, pressure overload was induced by pulmonary artery banding on postnatal day 1 and confirmed by echocardiography and hemodynamic measurements at postnatal day 7. RNA sequencing analyses of purified right ventricular cardiomyocytes at postnatal day 7 from pulmonary artery banding and sham-operated rats revealed that there were 5469 differentially expressed genes between these 2 groups. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis showed that these genes mainly mediated mitosis and cell division. Cell proliferation assays indicated a continuous overproliferation of cardiomyocytes in the right ventricle after pulmonary artery banding, in particular for the first 3 postnatal days. We also validated the model using samples from overloaded right ventricles of human patients. There was an approximately 2-fold increase of Ki67/pHH3/aurora B-positive cardiomyocytes in human-overloaded right ventricles compared with nonoverloaded right ventricles. TEPP-46 Other features of this animal model included cardiomyocyte hypotrophy with no fibrosis. Conclusions Pressure overload profoundly promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation in the neonatal stage in both rats and human beings. This activates a regeneration-specific gene program and may offer an alternative animal model for heart regeneration research.
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