Notes

Determination of regular car pace using reverse projection.
01). No statistically significant difference was noted among other groups. For failure pattern analysis, Unifast Trad and Brylic Solid showed less damage than Protemp 4 and Freeprint Temp groups.

Provisional crowns fabricated using the CAD/CAM process and the conventionally fabricated bis-acryl resins exhibited significant higher fracture strength compared to conventionally fabricated monomethacrylate resins after the aging regimen. Therefore, CAD/CAM milling and 3D printing of provisional restorations may be good alternatives for long term provisionalization.
Provisional crowns fabricated using the CAD/CAM process and the conventionally fabricated bis-acryl resins exhibited significant higher fracture strength compared to conventionally fabricated monomethacrylate resins after the aging regimen. Therefore, CAD/CAM milling and 3D printing of provisional restorations may be good alternatives for long term provisionalization.
The purpose of the study is to evaluate the repeatability and reproducibility of the abutment angle using a blue light scanner.

0°, 6°, and 10° wax cast abutment dies were fabricated. Each of the silicone impression was produced using the replicable silicone. see more Each study die was constructed from the prepared replicable stone used for scans. 3-dimensional data was obtained after scanning the prepared study dies for the repeatability by using the blue light scanner. The prepared 3-dimensional data could have the best fit alignment using 3-dimensional software. For reproducibility, each abutment was used as the first reference study die, and then it was scanned five times per each. 3-dimensional software was used to perform the best fit alignment. The data obtained were analyzed using a nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis H test (α=.05), post hoc Mann-Whitney U test, and Bonferroni correction (α=.017).

The repeatability of 0°, 6°, and 10° abutments was 3.9, 4.4 and 4.7 µm, respectively. Among them, the 0° abutment had the best value while the 10° abutment showed the worst value. There was a statistically significant difference (
<.05). The reproducibility of 0°, 6°, and 10° abutments was 6.1, 5.5, and 5.3 µm, respectively. While the 10° abutment showed the best value, the 0° abutment showed the worst value. However, there was no statistically significant difference (
>.05).

In repeatability, the 0° abutment showed a positive result. In reproducibility, the 10° abutment achieved a positive result.
In repeatability, the 0° abutment showed a positive result. In reproducibility, the 10° abutment achieved a positive result.
Prevention of xerostomia and stress is important to prolong healthy life expectancy and improve the quality of life. We aimed to investigate the effects of tongue rotation exercise for increasing salivary secretions and stabilizing salivary stress hormone levels.

Twenty four participants without subjective oral dryness were enrolled. The exercises comprised tongue rotation exercise and empty chewing. The salivary stress hormone level was measured using a Salivary Amylase Monitor. Unstimulated whole saliva volume and salivary amylase activity were measured before tongue rotation exercise or empty chewing and subsequently 5, 10, and 15 minutes after these exercises. Differences in the rates of change of unstimulated whole saliva volume and salivary amylase activity were analyzed by repeated measure analysis of variance.

Statistically significant differences among the rates of change were not observed after empty chewing for unstimulated whole saliva volume and salivary amylase activity at the four measurement times. However, the rate of change of unstimulated whole saliva volume and salivary amylase activity were statistically significantly different among the four time points before the tongue rotation exercise and 5, 10, and 15 minutes post-exercise (
< .05 and
<.01, respectively).

Tongue rotation is effective in increasing saliva secretion, reducing stress, improving oral function, and extending healthy life expectancy.
Tongue rotation is effective in increasing saliva secretion, reducing stress, improving oral function, and extending healthy life expectancy.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of multiple firings on the bond strength between yttria-tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (Y-TZP) and 2 types of resin cements.

Sixty 3Y-TZP specimens (LAVA Frame Multi) were divided into 3 groups depending on the following firing procedures (1) 2-firing cycles, (2) 5-firing cycles, (3) 10-firing cycles. Two samples from each group were investigated by using SEM to determine the morphological changes. All specimens were treated with 125 µm airborne-particle abrasion and the surface roughness of each specimen was measured. The specimens from each firing group were then further divided into 2 subgroups (n = 9) to apply 2 types of resin cement (MDP-free resin cement RelyX Unicem-RU, and MDP containing resin cement Panavia F 2.0-PA). The shear bond strength (SBS) test was performed and failure types of all the debonded specimens were classified by using a stereomicroscope as adhesive, cohesive, and mixed. The statistical analysis of surface roughness and SBS datings (5 and 10 firing cycles). When zirconia is subjected to multiple firings, using MDP-containing resin cement can be recommended.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of surface treatments on the bond strengths between polymer-containing restorative materials and two dual-cure resin cements.

In the present study, rectangular samples prepared from Lava Ultimate (LU) and Vita Enamic (VE) blocks were used. The specimen surfaces were treated using CoJet sandblasting, 50 µm Al
O
sandblasting, % 9 HF (hydrofluoric) acid, ER,CrYSGG laser treatment, and Z-Prime. Dual-cure resin cements (TheraCem and 3M RelyX U 200) were applied on each specimen's treated surface. A micro-tensile device was used to evaluate shear bond strength. Statistical analysis was performed using the SAS 9.4v3.

While the bond strength using TheraCem with LU or VE was not statistically significant (
=.164), the bond strength using U200 with VE was statistically significant (
=.006). In the TheraCem applied VE groups, Z-Prime and HF acid were statistically different from CoJet, Laser, and Sandblast groups. In comparison of TheraCem used LU group, there was a statistically significant difference between HF acid and other surface treatments.
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