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Microbiota profile inside mesophilic biodigestion associated with sugarcane vinasse within order reactors.
22]). MCA PI Δ was not significantly different between women who had a composite adverse outcome and women who did not have a composite adverse outcome (P = 0.843). Conclusion Our preliminary study highlights differences in position-related changes in fetal MCA PI between high-risk and low-risk pregnancies. These differences could reflect an attenuated ability of women with certain risk factors to respond to physiologic stress.Objective Little information exists related to the contribution of assisted reproductive technology (ART) twins to the preterm and very preterm birth rate. We sought to examine this contribution over a period of more than two decades in a tertiary perinatal center. Methods We identified all preterm births from 1993 to 2017, born at less then 37 or less then 32 weeks' gestation, by mode of conception [in vitro fertilization (IVF) vs. non-IVF pregnancies]. We generated trend lines of the annual change of the dependent variable (% preterm birth). Results We evaluated 74,299 births, including 3934 (5.3%) preterm births at less then 37 and 826 (1.1%) at less then 32 weeks' gestation. In this period, 1019 (1.4%) twin pairs were born including 475 (46.6%) and 80 (7.8%) at less then 37 and less then 32 weeks, respectively. There were 213 (5.4%) IVF pregnancies among the preterm births at less then 37 weeks, including 88 (41.3%) twins. Fifteen (1.8%) births of all IVF gestations were at less then 32 weeks, and all were twins. Whereas the annual rate of spontaneous twins did not change, a significant increase over time exists for IVF twins (P  less then  0.05, R2 = 0.6). We demonstrated an increase in IVF twin births at less then 37 weeks but not for spontaneously conceived twins. Whereas the twin birth rate at less then 32 weeks did not change over time, all preterm births at less then 32 weeks following IVF were twins. Conclusions The risk of twins after ART increasingly contributes to preterm births at less then 37 weeks and ART twins are at significant risk for preterm births at less then 32 weeks.Background Oxidative stress is implicated in both, the onset and the progression of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). There is accumulated evidence of increased biomarkers of oxidative stress in newly diagnosed, T1DM patients without complications, and in those with advanced disease. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated factors affecting oxidative stress status in pediatric patients with T1DM. Methods Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), prooxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB), total sulfhydryl (SH) groups, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were determined in 170 children and adolescents with T1DM. Principal component analysis was used to investigate clustering of clinical and laboratory variables associated with elevated oxidative stress and reduced antioxidative defense biomarkers. Results Factor analysis extracted five factors, interpreted as (1) "weight status factor" including age, BMI, waist and hip circumferences; (2) "proatherogenic factor" that included LDL-cholesterol, non-HDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides; (3) "metabolic control factor" including glucose and HbA1c; (4) "renal marker factor" with positive loading of urinary albumin excretion rate and negative loading of GFR; and (5) "antiatherogenic factor" that included HDL-cholesterol. High AOPP levels were independently predicted by "proatherogenic" (OR 2.32; 95% CI 1.44-3.71; p  less then  0.001), "metabolic control" (OR 2.24; 95% CI 1.35-3.73; p  less then  0.01), and "renal marker" (OR 1.65; 95% CI 1.03-2.65; p  less then  0.05) factors. "Renal marker factor" was a significant predictor of PAB (OR 0.52; 95% CI 0.34-0.81; p  less then  0.01). Regarding antioxidative defense markers, reduced SH groups were predicted by "proatherogenic factor" (OR 0.56; 95% CI 0.34-0.94; p  less then  0.05), while "weight status factor" predicted lower SOD activity (OR 1.66; 95% CI 1.03-2.67; p  less then  0.05). Conclusions Cardiometabolic risk factors and renal function are associated with oxidative stress in pediatric T1DM patients.This review summarizes current data on influences of childhood obesity on the 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). Studies on obese adults showed a higher risk of cardiovascular complications and also, partly pathological, ECG alterations. Data on ECG alterations in obese children is rare. In current studies, no pathological findings were found. All alterations, which mimic the later pathological phenomena in obese adults, were within normal ranges. Pamapimod supplier Studies reported significantly longer P-wave time and P-wave dispersion (Pd) in obese children [Üner A, Doğan M, Epcacan Z, Epçaçan S. The effect of childhood obesity on cardiac functions. J Pediatr Endocr Met 2014;27261-71.], no correlation of heart rate, P-wave, or QT dispersions (QTd) [Akyüz A, Alpsoy S, Akkoyun DC, Nalbantoǧlu B, Tülübaș F, et al. Effect of overweight on P-wave and QT dispersions in childhood. Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars 2013;41515-21.], significantly higher QTd in obese children [Yildirim S, Binnetoglu FK, Battal F, Aylanc H, Nazan Kaymaz N, et al. Reediatric ECG in childhood obesity? Influence of childhood obesity on the ECG. Prog Pediatr Cardiol 2018;48119-23.]. Altogether, the study results are inconsistent. Clearly, pathological phenomena in the ECG of obese children were not reported only preliminary stages like QTc prolongation within the norm were found. The pathological alterations seen in adult obese patients are not (yet) seen in childhood. The slight changes reported in childhood obesity are likely to manifest later and to develop into pathological phenomena in obese adults and, therefore, might increase the risk of cardiovascular events like arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death in adulthood.Background In genital anomalies, measurement of total testosterone is required but is expensive and technically difficult to assay. Therefore, the measurement of anogenital distance, which is non-invasive and cheap, could be used to estimate total serum testosterone in neonates. The objective if this study is to determine the relationship between total serum testosterone and anogenital distance and estimate total serum testosterone levels in term neonates using measurements of anogenital distance. Methods This was a prospective cross-sectional study. Consecutive healthy term neonates were recruited in the first 72 h of postnatal life. Anogenital distance was measured with a digital vernier calliper. Total serum testosterone was determined using enzyme linked immunoassay. Results A total of 240 term neonates comprising 124 (51.7%) males and 116 (48.3%) females were studied. The overall mean anogenital distance was 19.7 (7.7) mm and 26.5 (3.7) mm for males which was more than twice 12.4 (2.3) mm for females (t = 35.
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