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Attention Deficit Disorder in Adults
Adults with attention deficit disorder may be difficult to identify and treat. A therapist can help by examining the symptoms and their causes, teaching patients ways to structure their lives and alter their behaviour and offer medication when needed.
People with ADD/ADHD may have issues with hyperactivity, inattention and the tendency to be impulsive. The symptoms could include forgetfulness, trouble waiting for their turn and trouble concentrating on work or playing games.
Inattention Type symptoms
This subtype of ADHD is distinguished by a high level of distraction, and difficulty paying attention to the smallest details. Adults who are inattentive ADHD have difficulty completing tasks or projects that require continuous mental effort, like writing and reading. They may have difficulty remembering appointments or paying bills and are more prone to making naive mistakes in their work or home life.
While the symptoms of inattentive ADHD may have first appeared during childhood, they tend to go undiagnosed because adults are expected to manage their impulsive and hyperactive/impulsive symptoms on their own. Their problems can persist throughout their adulthood and impact their relationships, school performance and career advancement.
The signs of inattention ADHD include the habit of fidgeting with your hands or feet, difficulties engaging in leisure activities at a relaxed pace as well as difficulty waiting for their turn, and answering questions in a hurry before they are answered. They also tend to be late to classes or meetings and struggle to stay organized. Those with inattentive ADHD frequently have difficulty staying focused at school or at work are bored at meetings and have to chew gum or drink coffee to pass the time.
A health professional will assess the patient for any possible mental health issues or medical conditions that could cause similar symptoms and then analyze their behavior history to identify if they have ADD. You can request to observe the person's behavior in different situations by talking to their family as well as teachers and colleagues. The health care provider may also ask about the person’s mood and recent medical history.
Most often, psychostimulants are used to increase alertness and improve brain signals. These include amphetamines such as Adderall, Ritalin and Concerta and methylphenidates, such as Strattera (atomoxetine) and Qelbree (viloxazine). Antidepressants that affect neurotransmitters in the brain are often prescribed to those with inattentive ADHD in order to enhance their mood and improve their concentration. Wellbutrin (bupropion) and Effexor, (venlafaxine) are two examples. Other medications that aren't stimulants are also available. These are less likely to cause side effects and include guanfacine (Intuniv), bupropion/atomoxetine, and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors such as Strattera.
Symptoms of Hyperactive/Impulsive Type
People with the hyperactive/impulsive type of ADHD struggle to sit still and remain focused. This symptom can make it difficult for people to concentrate on their schoolwork or job tasks, and may cause mistakes due to negligence. In addition, they typically struggle to follow instructions or completing complicated tasks. They also struggle to stay on track when playing games or engaging in activities of leisure with others. They often disrupt and disrupt others during games, conversations or other activities. They might fiddle or squirm with their feet or hands or squirm in their chairs or pacing as they talk or listen.
Children with the hyperactive/impulsive type of ADD often have trouble waiting for their turn to speak or play, and they may blurt out their answers before other people have finished speaking. They struggle with self-control and may often be constantly on the move and unable to stop or slow down, even when they are at events that are organized like fairs or theme parks. They may have difficulty managing tasks, finishing long-term tasks or committing to schoolwork or other structured activities.
ADHD symptoms in adulthood have a low sense of accountability and often have difficulty making and keeping friendships. They may also have trouble regulating their emotions which can result in mood swings and depression. ADHD adult symptoms may also have trouble managing their finances and time, which can make them more susceptible to financial scams and other frauds.
Many people who suffer from ADHD are not diagnosed until they reach adulthood, when their symptoms become more obvious. In their early years, they could be overlooked by teachers or other adults who were unaware of their issues. They may have learned to cope with their symptoms and thrived in a supportive environment until they encountered the stresses of pursuing a career or raising a family when their problems became more evident. In the beginning, the male-to female* ADHD ratio is higher. However it is more even in adulthood.
People suffering from ADHD typically find that certain nutritional supplements, such as multiple vitamin, NeurOmega fish oil, GABA or taurine and Brain Vitale or NeuroMemory can reduce the irritability and improve memory. Stress management techniques like deep breathing and regular exercise can be beneficial. They should discuss all treatment options with their doctor including non-stimulants and stimulants such as Atomoxetine (Strattera) and viloxazine (Qelbree) and antidepressants like bupropion (Wellbutrin).
Symptoms of Mixed Type
People with combined type ADHD exhibit symptoms of both inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive presentations. They have trouble focusing on long-term mental tasks or remembering things, such as homework, schoolwork, chores or work. They also make mistakes in school, in the workplace and in their private lives. These attention and impulse problems can cause a lot stress and cause difficulties in relationships.
Symptoms of this presentation often appear at various times in the course of life and range from mild to severe. They include daydreaming and being easily distracted from their thoughts, which can cause the tendency to lose things like homework or keys; and difficulties following through on their tasks. They also have a difficult time sitting still, and they may interrupt or take over games or other leisure activities.
A person with a mixed presentation of ADHD might find that certain medication helps while others don't. Therefore, it's best to try one a time and evaluate the outcomes carefully. Adults with this presentation who have been taking medication since the age of a teenager should have a look at their treatment every six months, and particularly after any changes in lifestyle that could alter the dosage of medication required.
It is important to know that ADD and ADHD do not affect race, gender, ethnicity or age. However, it does appear to be more prevalent in those who were deemed male at birth. The diagnosis is typically given when people are suffering from various of the typical symptoms in several aspects of their lives but are unable to explain them in a satisfactory manner.
There are a variety of ways to manage and treat ADD in adults, such as behavioral therapy, lifestyle changes, and medication. A combination of treatments is usually the best option, and medication can be prescribed in various forms, such as methylphenidate (Ritalin), dextroamphetamine/amphetamine salts (Adderall), lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse), and atomoxetine (Strattera). These medications increase concentration by increasing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. Non-stimulants are also readily available, and these can be an excellent option for adults who do not want to take stimulants or need them at a lower dose.
The symptoms of Combined Type
For people with combined type ADHD, the symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity appear together. Inattention symptoms can be evident as difficulty sitting still, forgetfulness or trouble finishing tasks and impulsivity, hyperactivity can manifest as restlessness, fidgeting, squirming or blurting out answers without waiting for a full answer. They often have a difficult time to wait in line or follow directions, which can lead to frustration and behavior that is contrary to the rules.
Adults who suffer from a combination of ADHD symptoms often also experience difficulties reading situational social boundaries which can lead them to encroach into conversations or activities without considering how others might think about it. They tend to have difficulty with organizing strategies and get overwhelmed by complex projects. In many cases, those with this ADHD appearance are also prone to depression or other mood disorders.
A proper diagnosis of ADHD is crucial to determining the most effective treatment strategy. Many adults suffering from ADHD are hesitant to seek assistance. However an accurate diagnosis can empower them and provide them the tools to manage their symptoms.
To receive a diagnosis, doctors must identify at least six symptoms of inattention and at least five symptoms of hyperactivity/impulsivity to a degree that interferes with daily functioning. The symptoms must be present before the age of 12 and last for at least six months to be eligible for an ADHD diagnosis. The symptoms must also be severe enough to affect a person's performance in the workplace, at school or at home.
Experts aren't sure the reasons ADHD is a problem but they are aware that it could be genetic and that certain genes increase the risk of developing the condition. They also are aware that brain chemistry as well as differences in brain structure play a part in the development of the disorder, and that some individuals suffer from the disorder without having an ancestry history.
There are various behavioral treatments for adult ADHD, including structured routines and organizational strategies, talk therapy (Cognitive-behavioral therapy or Acceptance and Commitment Therapy), exercise and healthy sleep habits. In many instances, these therapies can be more effective than medication.
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