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Abducens Palsy and Anosmia Connected with COVID-19: An incident Document.
After the development of appropriate, reliable, and inexpensive screening tools for metabotypes, personalized diets can be implemented and pertinent supplements could be prescribed. The other therapeutic and preventive route that could be traveled is that of microbiota modification, via the use of appropriate pro- and prebiotics.Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs) are a nanomaterial that presents unique properties and an excellent biocompatibility. They can be synthesized in mild conditions and can be derivatized with polymers and/or biomolecules. PBNPs are used in biomedicine as therapy and diagnostic agents. In biomedical imaging, PBNPs constitute contrast agents in photoacoustic and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). They are a good adsorbent to be used as antidotes for poisoning with cesium and/or thallium ions. Moreover, the ability to convert energy into heat makes them useful photothermal agents (PAs) in photothermal therapy (PTT) or as nonantibiotic substances with antibacterial properties. Finally, PBNPs can be both reduced to Prussian white and oxidized to Prussian green. A large window of redox potential exists between reduction and oxidation, which result in the enzyme-like characteristics of these NPs.Objectives Asymptomatic infection of SARS-CoV-2 has become a concern worldwide. This study aims to compare the epidemiology and the clinical characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infection in asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals. Methods A total of 511 confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection cases, including 100 asymptomatic (by the time of the pathogenic tests) and 411 symptomatic individuals were consecutively enrolled from January 25 to February 20, 2020 from hospitals in 21 cities and 47 counties or districts in Sichuan Province. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics were compared. Results Compared to the symptomatic patients, the asymptomatic cases were younger (P less then 0.001), had similar co-morbidity percentages (P = 0.609), and came from higher altitude areas with lower population mobility (P less then 0.001) with better defined epidemiological history (P less then 0.001). 27.4% of well-documented asymptomatic cases developed delayed symptoms after the pathogenic diagnosis. 60% of asymptomatic cases demonstrated findings of pneumonia on the initial chest CT, including well-recognized features of coronavirus disease-19. None of the asymptomatic individuals died. Two elderly individuals with initially asymptomatic infection developed severe symptoms during hospitalization. One case of possible virus transmission by a patient during the incubation period was highly suspected. Conclusions The epidemiological and clinical findings highlight the significance of asymptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2. read more Inspecting the epidemiological history would facilitate the identification of asymptomatic cases. Evidence supports the chest CT scans for confirmed asymptomatic cases to evaluate the extent of lung involvement.Background & aims Ampullary and duodenal cancer are the leading causes of death in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) after colectomy has been performed. Risk of duodenal cancer is determined based on Spigelman stage (SS) of duodenal polyposis. Guidelines recommend endoscopic surveillance of the duodenum and visualization of the papilla to stage duodenal polyposis. There is no consensus on whether biopsies should be routinely collected from duodenal papilla and findings included in SS. Additionally, there are no data on the risk of pancreatitis after biopsy collection from papilla of patients with FAP. We studied the incidence of pancreatitis after biopsy of the papilla in patients with FAP and effects of biopsy findings on SS. Methods We identified consecutive patients with FAP at a single center from January 2011 through December 2018 with >1 endoscopy with biopsy of the papilla. Patients with history of foregut surgery were excluded. We identified 273 patients with FAP who had biopsies collected from papilla over 792 EGDs, with 1-8 independent exams with biopsy per patient. We collected demographic, endoscopic, and histology data from patients and calculated SS with vs without biopsy findings. Post-procedural pancreatitis was defined by 2 of the following abdominal pain, lipase level 3-fold the upper limit of normal, or radiography findings consistent with pancreatitis within 7 days of esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Results Pancreatitis developed in 2 patients (0.73%) 1 after biopsy of a normal-appearing papilla and 1 after biopsy of an abnormal appearing papilla. Inclusions of biopsy data increased SS in 36 patients (13.2%), with consideration of prophylactic duodenectomy for 3.3%. Conclusions Pancreatitis after biopsy of the duodenal papilla is rare. Histology data obtained from biopsy of the papilla in patients with FAP can change SS and affect patient management.In our ever-aging world population, the risk of age-related neuropathies has been increasing, representing both a social and economic burden to society. Since the ability to regenerate in the adult mammalian central nervous system is very limited, brain trauma and neurodegeneration are often permanent. As a consequence, novel scientific challenges have emerged and many research efforts currently focus on triggering repair in the damaged or diseased brain. Nevertheless, stimulating neuroregeneration remains ambitious. Even though important discoveries have been made over the past decades, they did not translate into a therapy yet. Actually, this is not surprising; while these disorders mainly manifest in aged individuals, most of the research is being performed in young animal models. Aging of neurons and their environment, however, greatly affects the central nervous system and its capacity to repair. This review provides a detailed overview of the impact of aging on central nervous system functioning and regeneration potential, both in non-regenerating and spontaneously regenerating animal models. Additionally, we highlight the need for aging animal models with regenerative capacities in the search for neuroreparative strategies.
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