Notes

Securing distal tibial bone injuries: can access strategy affect distal alignment?
Litter size is one of the most important economic traits in sheep. GDF9 and BMPR1B are major genes affecting the litter size of sheep. In this study, the whole coding region of GDF9 was sequenced and all the SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) were determined in Luzhong mutton ewes. The FecB mutation was genotyped using the Sequenom MassARRAY®SNP assay technology. Then, the association analyses between polymorphic loci of GDF9 gene, FecB, and litter size were performed using a general linear model procedure. The results showed that eight SNPs were detected in GDF9 of Luzhong mutton sheep, including one novel mutation (g.41769606 T > G). The g.41768501A > G, g.41768485 G > A in GDF9 and FecB were significantly associated with litter size in Luzhong mutton ewes. The g.41768485 G > A is a missense mutation in the mature GDF9 protein region and is predicted to affect the tertiary structure of the protein. The results preliminarily demonstrated that GDF9 was a major gene affecting the fecundity of Luzhong mutton sheep and the two loci g.41768501A > G and g.41768485 G > A may be potential genetic markers for improving litter size.The flexible manipulato is widely used in the aerospace industry and various other special fields. Control accuracy is affected by the flexibility, joint friction, and terminal load. Therefore, this paper establishes a robot dynamics model under the coupling effect of flexibility, friction, and terminal load, and analyzes and studies its control. First of all, taking the structure of the central rigid body, the flexible beam, and load as the research object, the dynamic model of a flexible manipulator with terminal load is established by using the hypothesis mode and the Lagrange method. Based on the balance principle of the force and moment, the friction under the influence of flexibility and load is recalculated, and the dynamic model of the manipulator is further improved. Secondly, the coupled dynamic system is decomposed and the controller is designed by the multivariable feedback controller. Finally, using MATLAB as the simulation platform, the feasibility of dynamic simulation is verified through simulation comparison. The results show that the vibration amplitude can be reduced with the increase of friction coefficient. As the load increases, the vibration can increase further. The trajectory tracking and vibration suppression of the manipulator are effective under the control method of multi-feedback moment calculation. The research is of great significance to the control of flexible robots under the influence of multiple factors.We consider the interaction of a qubit system with a two-mode field in the presence of multi-photon transition and phase damping effect. We use the master equation to obtain the density operator when the qubit is initially prepared in its excited state and the field is in a finite-dimensional pair coherent state. The properties of the considered system, such as the population inversion, amount of the mixedness, parameter estimation, and squeezing, are explored for one- and two-photon transitions. MLi-2 datasheet The effects of photon addition to the field and phase damping on the evaluation of these quantumness measures are also investigated.Pin nematodes of the genus Paratylenchus are obligate ectoparasites of a wide variety of plants that are distributed worldwide. In this study, individual morphologically vouchered nematode specimens of fourteen Paratylenchus species, including P. aculentus, P. elachistus, P. goodeyi, P. holdemani, P. idalimus, P. microdorus, P. nanus, P. neoamblycephalus, P. straeleni and P. veruculatus, are unequivocally linked to the D2-D3 of 28S, ITS, 18S rRNA and COI gene sequences. Combined with scanning electron microscopy and a molecular analysis of an additional nine known and thirteen unknown species originating from diverse geographic regions, a total of 92 D2-D3 of 28S, 41 ITS, 57 18S rRNA and 111 COI new gene sequences are presented. Paratylenchus elachistus, P. holdemani and P. neoamblycephalus are recorded for the first time in Belgium and P. idalimus for the first time in Europe. Paratylenchus is an excellent example of an incredibly diverse yet morphologically minimalistic plant-parasitic genus, and this study provides an integrated analysis of all available data, including coalescence-based molecular species delimitation, resulting in an updated Paratylenchus phylogeny and the corrective reassignment of 18 D2-D3 of 28S, 3 ITS, 3 18S rRNA and 25 COI gene sequences that were previously unidentified or incorrectly classified.The serious global microplastic pollution has attracted public concern in recent years. Microplastics are widely distributed in various environments and their pollution is already ubiquitous in the ocean system, which contributes to exponential concern in the past decade and different research areas. Due to their tiny size coupled with the various microbial communities in aquatic habitats capable of accumulating organic pollutants, abundant literature is available for assessing the negative impact of MPs on the physiology of marine organisms and eventually on the human health. This study summarizes the current literature on MPs in the marine environment to obtain a better knowledge about MP contamination. This review contains three sections (1) sources and fates of MPs in the marine environment, (2) impacts of MPs on marine organisms, and (3) bacteria for the degradation of marine MPs. Some measures and efforts must be taken to solve the environmental problems caused by microplastics. The knowledge in this review will provide background information for marine microplastics studies and management strategies in future.Cell migration is a fundamental biological process of key importance in health and disease. Advances in imaging techniques have paved the way to monitor cell motility. An ever-growing collection of computational tools to track cells has improved our ability to analyze moving cells. One renowned goal in the field is to provide tools that track cell movement as comprehensively and automatically as possible. However, fully automated tracking over long intervals of time is challenged by dividing cells, thus calling for a combination of automated and supervised tracking. Furthermore, after the emergence of various experimental tools to monitor cell-cycle phases, it is of relevance to integrate the monitoring of cell-cycle phases and motility. We developed CellMAPtracer, a multiplatform tracking system that achieves that goal. It can be operated as a conventional, automated tracking tool of single cells in numerous imaging applications. However, CellMAPtracer also allows adjusting tracked cells in a semiautomated supervised fashion, thereby improving the accuracy and facilitating the long-term tracking of migratory and dividing cells.
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