Notes

The impact of COVID-19 for the exercising as well as inactive conduct levels of pregnant women together with gestational diabetic issues.
001) lower than in normal eyes (15.5 ±1.3 dB).

Compared to healthy controls, the IR-light sensitivity of diabetic patients was significantly impaired. find more Two-photon measurements can be used in the assessment of retinal disease, but further studies are needed to validate IR-light stimulation in various stages of diabetic retinopathy.
Compared to healthy controls, the IR-light sensitivity of diabetic patients was significantly impaired. Two-photon measurements can be used in the assessment of retinal disease, but further studies are needed to validate IR-light stimulation in various stages of diabetic retinopathy.
To investigate changes in subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) and their relationship with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters after intravitreal dexamethasone implant (DEX) injection for diabetic macular edema (DME) METHODS Eighty-one eyes treated with DEX injection for DME were evaluated for BCVA, central macular thickness (CMT), SFCT, and OCT parameters at baseline and weeks 7 and 14.

The mean baseline SFCT significantly decreased at weeks 7 (P<0.001) and 14 (P<0.001). At week 7, each 1-μm reduction in CMT and 5 Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study letters (-0.1 logMAR) improvement were associated with SFCT reductions of 0.09 (P=0.002) and 3.91 (P=0.044) μm, respectively. At week 14, each 1-μm reduction in CMT was associated with a 0.14-μm reduction in SFCT (P<0.001). Eyes with good functional and anatomical responses exhibited significantly greater SFCT reductions. Subretinal fluid resulted in greater SFCT changes (P=0.039) and better BCVA (P=0.033) at week 7. A continuous ellipsoid zone/interdigitation zone layer was associated with a smaller mean SFCT at week 7 (P=0.002) and better BCVA at weeks 7 and 14 (both, P<0.001).

Changes in SFCT after DEX injection therapy for DME may predict anatomical and functional outcomes and correlate with OCT features that are known as predictors of treatment response.
Changes in SFCT after DEX injection therapy for DME may predict anatomical and functional outcomes and correlate with OCT features that are known as predictors of treatment response.
To examine angiographic risk factors for recurrence of macular edema (ME) associated with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) METHODS We consecutively included 51 patients with treatment-naïve BRVO involving the macular area. Each eye initially received three monthly ranibizumab injections, with additional injections as necessary. At month 3, we examined parafoveal vessel diameter indexes (VDI) in all sectors using optical coherence tomography angiography and determined the association with retinal thickness changes (month 3 to month 5) and the number of ranibizumab injections during 12 months.

Parafoveal VDIs in the affected, nasal, and temporal sectors at month 3 were significantly associated with corresponding parafoveal thickening (P=0.020, 0.010, and <0.001, respectively), and the parafoveal VDIs in the affected, and temporal sectors were significantly associated with future foveal thickening (P=0.037, and 0.026, respectively). Moreover, the parafoveal VDI in the temporal sector showed a significant association with the total required number of ranibizumab injections (P=0.040).

The parafoveal VDI may adequately represent the degree of congestion associated with BRVO. Particularly, the VDI in the temporal sector may be a good predictor of future retinal thickening in the corresponding parafovea and the fovea and the number of ranibizumab injections.
The parafoveal VDI may adequately represent the degree of congestion associated with BRVO. Particularly, the VDI in the temporal sector may be a good predictor of future retinal thickening in the corresponding parafovea and the fovea and the number of ranibizumab injections.
To report a case of early post-operative scleral buckle slippage due to the dehiscence of scleral belt loop tunnels.

Case report RESULTS A 54-year-old female presented with painful diplopia after a combination pars plana vitrectomy and scleral buckling procedure. Ocular movements were limited. Forced duction testing was restricted in all directions. Anterior slippage of the silicone band was suggested on computer tomography (CT) scans and was confirmed with surgical exploration. During surgery, it was found that thin-roofed scleral belt loop tunnels were dehisced in three quadrants leading to anterior slippage of the buckle. The displaced buckle was removed. Diplopia and pain resolved, and ocular motility improved immediately afterwards. The retina remained attached at six months follow up. A supplemental video summarizes the surgical findings and postoperative results.

Spontaneous dehiscence of scleral belt loops may occur in thinly dissected scleral tunnels. Painful eye movement, diplopia, and a positive forced duction test should raise suspicion about a displaced scleral buckle. CT scan may help with the diagnosis. Early diagnosis and immediate surgical intervention are needed to minimize patient discomfort and to improve long term ocular motility.
Spontaneous dehiscence of scleral belt loops may occur in thinly dissected scleral tunnels. Painful eye movement, diplopia, and a positive forced duction test should raise suspicion about a displaced scleral buckle. CT scan may help with the diagnosis. Early diagnosis and immediate surgical intervention are needed to minimize patient discomfort and to improve long term ocular motility.
To report a case of syphilitic outer retinopathy revealed after progression to panuveitis following a course of oral steroids for suspected poison ivy.

Retrospective case report.

A 44-year-old diabetic man presented with progressive symptoms of nyctalopia and color vision changes associated with outer retinal disruption on macular imaging but minimal evidence of intraocular inflammation on examination. A short-course of oral steroids for an unrelated skin condition induced rapid progression to frank panuveitis with retinal vascular sheathing and retinal whitening. Systemic work-up identified syphilis as the etiology. The patient's visual symptoms and disruption of the photoreceptor and retinal pigment epithelial layers on OCT improved after treatment with intravenous penicillin.

Syphilitic outer retinopathy (SOR) represents an unusual manifestation of ocular syphilis that can present with minimal exam findings. We present here a case of oral steroid use resulting in progression of SOR to a more fulminant form of syphilitic uveitis which ultimately revealed the correct diagnosis and prompted the correct intervention.
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