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Small-Molecule Prodrug Nanoassemblies: An Emerging Nanoplatform regarding Anticancer Medicine Delivery.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic restricted face-to-face interactions of medical students and teachers.

To develop and evaluate an online course for ophthalmology examination techniques for medical students and to determine the impact of the course on the practical objective structured clinical examination (OSCE).

The online examination course was developed as avideo-based tutorial according to the SMART (specific, measurable, activating, reasonable, time-bound) principle covering all topics of the National Competency-based Catalogue of Learning Objectives for Medical Education and made available to medical students in the ophthalmology course. At the end of the semester the students graded the online examination course on an ordinal scale from 1(strongly agree) to 6(strongly disagree) anonymously and were asked for comments. The grades of the OSCE (range 1-5) were compared with the OSCE results of the previous semester.

Of the 164students 67 participated in the online evaluation (41%). The students reported to be well-prepared for the OSCE (mean grade2.0; SD1.0). In the future, 70% of the students would prefer combined online and on-site teaching (47 out of 67students). Among all 164students, the mean OSCE results were excellent (mean grade1.1; SD0.2) and comparable to the previous semester (mean grade among 166students, 1.1; SD0.2; two-sided t-test, p = 0.86).

The online course on ophthalmology examination techniques allowed medical students to prepare for the OSCE. Beyond the COVID-19 pandemic, online teaching options can support on-site teaching.
The online course on ophthalmology examination techniques allowed medical students to prepare for the OSCE. Beyond the COVID-19 pandemic, online teaching options can support on-site teaching.A fetal scalp electrode (FSE) is a frequently used investigation during labor. Ropsacitinib However, it is an invasive procedure which can lead to complications. Our patient developed a very large brain abscess after initial superficial infection of the skin site due to an FSE. The patient was admitted to the hospital after an asymmetric growth of the skull was noticed with no further signs of clinical illness. MRI showed a very large brain abscess which was aspirated and treated with antibiotics for 10 weeks. A 2-year follow-up showed only a slight developmental delay in gross motor skills. Only once before a similar case has been described at which the patient developed a brain abscess after superficial infection of the scalp following an FSE. In both cases, the brain abscess was noticed due to an asymmetric growth of the skull without any further signs of clinical illness. A brain abscess has a high mortality and morbidity rate, and early diagnosis is vital for the optimal outcome. We therefore recommend to organize an out-patient clinical follow-up for every infant with a superficial infection of the skin site after placement of an FSE.Five types of persistent primitive olfactory artery (PPOA), a rare variation of the proximal anterior cerebral artery (ACA), have been reported. Type 1 is most common, generally following an extreme anteroinferior course and taking a hairpin turn before continuing to the distal A2 segment of the ACA. Triple ACAs are a common variation of the A2 segment of the ACA, and a centrally located artery is called an "accessory ACA" or "median artery of the corpus callosum". This artery usually does not bifurcate or else bifurcates distally and continues to the pericallosal artery. We herein report a 74-year-old woman with type 1 PPOA and early bifurcated accessory ACA, an extremely rare combination of ACA variations, that was diagnosed using magnetic resonance angiography.
Patients with suspicion of appendicitis present with a wide range of severity. Score-based risk stratification can optimise the management of these patients. This prospective study validates the Appendicitis Inflammatory Response (AIR) score in patients with suspicion of appendicitis.

Consecutive patients over the age of five with suspicion of appendicitis presenting at 25 Swedish hospital's emergency departments were prospectively included. The diagnostic properties of the AIR score are estimated.

Some 3878 patients were included, 821 with uncomplicated and 724 with complicated appendicitis, 1986 with non-specific abdominal pain and 347 with other diagnoses. The score performed better in detecting complicated appendicitis (ROC area 0.89 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.88-0.90) versus 0.83 (CI 0.82-0.84) for any appendicitis, p < 0.001), in patients below age 15years and in patients with >47h duration of symptoms (ROC area 0.93, CI 0.90-0.95 for complicated and 0.87, CI 0.84-0.90 for any appendicil in both sexes. This verifies the AIR score as a valid decision support. Trial registration number https//clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00971438.A self-correcting fluorescent assay of tyrosinase (TYR) was developed by utilization of Fe-MIL-88B-NH2 as a peroxidase-like nanozyme and a capture probe. Fe-MIL-88B-NH2 nanozyme was selected as an electron donor, and the oxidization product (dopamine-o-quinone) acts as an energy acceptor. First, TYR catalyzes the oxidation of tyramine hydrochloride to dopamine and then to dopamine-o-quinone. Second, Fe-MIL-88B-NH2 with intrinsic peroxidase-like activity decomposes H2O2 to produce ·OH radicals, which further accelerate the oxidation of dopamine to dopamine-o-quinone. Excessive H2O2 and ·OH radicals reduce the interferences from ascorbic acid at the same time providing a self-correcting ability. Dopamine-o-quinone reacts with -NH2 groups on the ligand of Fe-MIL-88B-NH2 through Michael reaction which results in fluorescence quenching. Under 365-nm excitation, the fluorescence emission intensity at 452 nm gradually decreased with increasing TYR concentration varying from 0 to 10 U mL-1. The linear range is from 1 to 5 U mL-1 and the detection limit is 0.05679 U mL-1. This self-correcting fluorescent assay of tyrosinase exhibits good sensitivity and selectivity which is also successfully applied for tyrosinase inhibitor detection. Schematic representation of fluorescent assay for tyrosinase determination based on Fe-MIL-88B-NH2 nanozyme. A self-correcting fluorescent assay for tyrosinase was developed based on the Fe-MIL-88B-NH2 nanozyme.
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