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Impact regarding Storage area Heat upon Pollen Viability and Germinability of four years old Serbian Autochthon Apple Cultivars.
Most water sources used by inhabitants presented water of deficient quality for human consumption (61%), whereas locals considered the water to be fresh, delicious, and transparent. Nevertheless, some points of agreement were found in terms of organoleptic characteristics (e.g., odour, colour) and physicochemical parameters in certain water sources. In general, locals do not recognise the deterioration of their water supply, but the importance of organoleptic characteristics in local perception should be highlighted. These aspects speak of a need to promote opportunities for dialogue, and implement effective health measures, taking local perspectives into account. In order to improve the removal rates of paracetamol and amoxicillin present in water, activated carbons prepared from argan waste were designed as a support for a biofilm-based on E. coli yielding microporous materials with high surface areas, in such a way that the biofilm support could be made homogeneously on the internal and external surface of the material. Adsorption studies without the presence of the biofilm showed rapid kinetics with adsorption constants kPCT = 0.06 and kAMX = 0.007 min-1. The adsorption isotherms could be described by the Langmuir isotherm model reaching a maximum adsorption capacity of qPCT = 502 and qAMX = 319 mg g-1. Folinic concentration In contrast, the results obtained for the materials that support the biofilm showed slow kinetics (kPCT = 0.007 and kAMX = 0.003 min-1) and a remarkable change in the shape of the adsorption isotherms, since the experimental data are better represented by a combined Langmuir-Freundlich model, in which three important stages are observed (i) In a first stage, adsorption is carried out in those spaces available after supporting the biofilm in the surface of the ACs. Once these spaces have been saturated, a second stage (ii) is present with an exponential behavior typical of the Freundlich isotherm, attributed to the adsorption of the pharmaceutical compounds in the biofilm, Finally a third stage is observed (iii) where the asymptotic behavior typical of the saturation of the adsorbent according to the Langmuir model is already appreciated (qPCT = 504 and qAMX = 465 mg g-1). BACKGROUND Although road traffic casualty (RTC) is preventable, it remains the eighth leading cause of death globally, especially in developing countries. Previous studies suggested the association between RTC and monthly or daily weather conditions, while the acute effects of weather conditions on an hourly timescale remains unknown. This study aims to quantify hourly effects of precipitation and temperature on RTC. METHODS Using ambulance records on RTC during 2010-2016 for the whole population in Shenzhen, China, we conducted a time-stratified case-crossover design which can inherently control for hour of the day, day of the week, seasonality, time trends and potential time-invariant confounders. Conditional quasi-Poisson regression with distributed lag nonlinear model was used to determine the effects of hourly precipitation and temperature on RTC. RESULTS Light and heavy precipitation increased RTC in current and following 2 h by 8.09% (95% CI 4.20-12.12%) and 11.62% (95% CI 5.93-17.62%), respectively. A J-shaped temperature-RTC curve revealed that each 1 °C increment above 17 °C were associated with a 0.87% (0.52-1.22%) increase in RTC. High temperature accounted for 6.44% (95% CI 3.95-8.91%) of all RTC, with a high fraction of 10.64% (95% CI 4.33-15.96%) during warm season and 8.30% (95% CI 4.26-12.66%) in traffic peak hours. Precipitation contributed to 0.68% (95% CI 0.44-0.92%) of RTC within 3 h. The middle-aged and female suffered more from precipitation-associated RTC, and the younger suffered more from high temperature-associated RTC. CONCLUSIONS High temperature increased substantially hourly RTC. Precipitation was also a risk factor of RTC and the adverse effect lasted for 3 h. The findings would be helpful to guide the development of targeted intervention to accelerate progress in road traffic safety. The current Australian sugarcane industry transition toward adoption of an 'alternative' herbicide strategy as part of improved environmental stewardship is increasingly complicated by recent farming system, regulatory and herbicidal product changes. This study quantified and compared the efficacy, economic costs and environmental risk profiles of a range of established, emerging, and recently registered pre-emergent herbicides across field trials in the Wet Tropics region of North Queensland. Several herbicides were effective on certain weed species, but lacked broad spectrum control. Better efficacy results from products with multiple active ingredients (i.e., imazapic-hexazinone) demonstrated the benefits of using mixtures of active ingredients to widen the spectrum of weed control efficacy. All tested pre-emergent herbicides behaved quite similarly in terms of their propensity for off-site movement in water (surface runoff losses generally >10% of active applied), with their losses largely driven by their application rate. Herbicides with lower application rates consistently contributed less to the total herbicide loads measured in surface runoff. Results demonstrated alternative choices from the more environmentally problematic herbicides (such as diuron) are available with effective alternative formulations providing between 4 and 29 times less risk than the traditional diuron-hexazinone 'full rate'. However, considerable challenges still face canegrowers in making cost-effective decisions on sustainable herbicide selection. Additional research and effective grower extension are required to address information gaps in issues such as specific weed control efficacy of alternative herbicides and potential blending of some herbicides for more effective broad spectrum weed control, while also minimising environmental risks. Antibiotics are employed worldwide to treat diseases of humans and other animals, but most antibiotics and their secondary metabolites are discharged into the aquatic environment, and these pollutants are emerging as a severe threat to human health. However, the systematic effects of dietary antibiotics on intestinal health in crustaceans and the associated risk to human health have not been thoroughly investigated, especially the effects on growth, immune responses, intestinal health, and the abundance of antibiotic residues and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). In the present work, two typical antibiotics (sulfamethoxazole and oxytetracycline) were administered orally to juvenile oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense) for eight weeks to mimic long-term use of antibiotics at legal aquaculture doses. The results indicate that dietary exposure to antibiotics significantly inhibited the growth performance of prawns, suppressed immunological parameters, and caused higher mortality in prawns challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila.
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