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Observational studies have identified associations between periodontitis and adverse pregnancy outcomes, but randomised controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of periodontal therapy have yielded inconsistent results. Few studies have explored relationships between gingival inflammation and these outcomes or been conducted in rural, low-income communities, where confounding risk factors differ from other settings.

We conducted a community-based, prospective cohort study with the aim of estimating associations between the extent of gingival inflammation in pregnant women and incidence of preterm birth in rural Nepal. Our primary exposure was gingival inflammation, defined as bleeding on probing (BOP) ≥10%, stratified by BOP <30% and BOP ≥30%. A secondary exposure, mild periodontitis, was defined as ≥2 interproximal sites with probing depth (PD) ≥4 mm (different teeth) or one site with PD ≥5 mm. Our primary outcome was preterm birth (<37 weeks gestation). We used Poisson regression to model this reln or before pregnancy, on preterm birth.

Nepal Oil Massage Study, NCT01177111.
Nepal Oil Massage Study, NCT01177111.
To evaluate the impact of a mass media campaign in terms of improving breast cancer (BC) symptoms awareness and screening uptake.

Before-and after-study with comparator groups.

Selangor State, Malaysia.

Malaysian women aged
40 years (n=676) from randomly selected households.

A culturally adapted mass media campaign (TV, radio, print media and social media).

The primary endpoint was BC symptoms awareness, which was assessed with the
precampaign and postcampaign. Secondary outcomes included campaign reach, self-efficacy to notice BC symptoms and clinical outcomes. Clinical breast examination and mammogram screening data were collected from hospitals and clinics.

Most participants recognised at least one of the campaign materials (65.2%). The odds of seeing the campaign were lowest for Chinese women (adjusted OR 0.25, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.40) compared with Malays and for women aged
70 years (adjusted OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.94) compared with younger women. Participants who recognised the campa populations and all age groups.
This study aimed to examine fertility (live births) in the last 3 years and its associated factors among women living with HIV (WLHIV) in western Ethiopia .

Participants were recruited into a cross-sectional survey using systematic sampling.

Four healthcare facilities in western Ethiopia were included.

Eligible participants were WLHIV of reproductive age (15-49 years) from western Ethiopia who found out about their HIV-positive status more than 3 years ago (N=866).

The fertility (live births) of HIV-positive women in the last 3 years was surveyed using face-to-face interviews (March-June 2018). Logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine factors influencing fertility in the last 3 years.

A total of 108 (12.5%) HIV-positive women gave birth to 121 live children in the last 3 years. Of these births, 18.2% were reported as mistimed at conception, while 26.4% were reported as unwanted. Of the live births, 8.3% ended in death. Of the 76 (62.8%) children with known HIV status born to HIV-posiildren born to these mothers. Strengthening reproductive health services for HIV-positive women in order to achieve their family planning goals is therefore important.
Using theoretical frameworks from implementation science, we aimed to systematically explore the barriers and enablers to research active allied health professionals (AHP) participating and leading research in the hospital setting.

A qualitative interview study informed by behaviour change theory.

Single Australian tertiary hospital and health service.

We recruited a convenience sample of 21 AHPs working within a hospital who were seeking to actively participate in/or lead research within their workplace.

Semistructured interviews explored perceived barriers and enablers to research participation, informed by the 14 domains of the theoretical domains framework (TDF). Transcribed interviews were deductively coded and mapped to the TDF. A deeper level of inductive coding was used to identify emergent themes that influenced behaviour change, according to the three key constructs of capability, opportunity and motivation (COM-B).

Barriers and enablers to research participation were identified within ndge, motivation and opportunity.
This study identified key barriers and enablers to behaviour change related to AHPs participating and/or leading research. Motivation and opportunities to participate in research may be enabled by maximising social influence opportunities, reiterating beliefs about positive consequences of research and considering AHP's emotional responses. Implementation science frameworks may provide a more systematic and holistic understanding of factors which influence research participation including enhancing knowledge, motivation and opportunity.
The prevalence of diet-related non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are rapidly increasing in most parts of the world. In order to ameliorate the related public health burden, evidence-informed policies to improve diet need to be implemented. Financial subsidies that promote healthful consumption patterns have the potential to reduce NCD risk and may also reduce inequality if targeted at those of low socio-economic position. This protocol is for an updated systematic review of such evidence.

A systematic search strategy will be used to identify publications on fiscal intervention studies indexed in Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, EconLit and PubMed in between January 2013 to February 2019. Two reviewers will independently sift identified citations using prespecified inclusion and exclusion criteria to inform full-text review. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate molecular weight The outcomes of interest are consumption patterns (% change in targeted items and in overall dietary patterns), purchasing patterns (% change) or body mass index. Pretested data capture .
To evaluate the feasibility of (1) ReWork-SCI with regard to adherence and acceptability and (2) a study design for evaluating ReWork-SCI with regard to recruitment, retention and outcome measures.

Pre-test and post-test, single group, feasibility study.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) unit at a regional rehabilitation centre in Sweden.

Two women and five men (n=7). Eligible criteria (1) sustained traumatic or non-traumatic SCI; (2) completed the first acute care episode in a hospital; (3) between 18 to 65 years of age; (4) assessed by a physician as approachable for participation in the intervention; (5) history of permanent or temporary employment; (6) self-reported desire to return to work; and (7) ability to communicate in English or Swedish.

ReWork-SCI is a person-centred intervention for return-to-work (RTW), developed and evaluated using the Medical Research Council's guidelines. ReWork-SCI follows a person-centred, structured and coordinated intervention process led by a coordinator within a SCI rehabilitation team.
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