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The results thus suggest that synergistic uptake reactions can be expected to significantly influence the gas-particle partitioning of VOC oxidation products under atmospheric conditions and thus greatly affect their atmospheric transport and lifetime.Two-dimensional (2D) lamellar nanostructures have attracted much interest due to their unique structure and properties. Various fabrication methods have been developed in recent years, including solution self-assembly, exfoliation, and Langmuir monolayer and Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) deposition. In this work, two kinds of facile methods were applied to fabricate lamellar structures of amphiphilic molecules, such as 10,12-pentacosadiynoic acid (PCDA). In method I, the amphiphilic molecules were introduced into aqueous solutions with dimethylformamide (DMF), a solvent miscible with water, through a mass transfer process across a planar liquid/liquid interface; in method II, the DMF solution of the amphiphilic molecules was added directly onto the aqueous solution surface. selleck With the spread and diffusion of DMF, nanosheets with lamellar structures formed in the aqueous solution and at the air/liquid interface, respectively. It is very interesting that the nanosheets obtained through these two methods consist of an even number and odd number of PCDA monolayers, respectively, reflecting different fabrication mechanisms. Method I provides an approach to gently mix organic solutions with aqueous solutions, while method II can be regarded as an extension of the Langmuir monolayer technique, which combines the interfacial assembly with that in solution. These methods have been extended to a series of amphiphilic molecules, and ordered layered structures have been obtained successfully.Multifunctional platinumIV anticancer prodrugs have the potential to enrich the anticancer properties and overcome the clinical problems of drug resistance and side effects of platinumII anticancer agents. Herein, we develop dual and triple action platinumIV complexes with targeted and biological active functionalities. One complex (PFL) that consists of cisplatin, tegafur, and lonidamine exhibits strong cytotoxicity against triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. Cellular uptake and distribution studies reveal that PFL mainly accumulates in mitochondria. As a result, PFL disrupts the mitochondrial ultrastructure and induces significant alterations in the mitochondrial membrane potential, which further leads to an increase in production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a decrease in ATP synthesis in MDA-MB-231 TNBCs. Western blot analysis reveals the formation of ternary complex of thymidylate synthase, which shows the intracellular conversion of tegafur into 5-FU after its release from PFL. Furthermore, treatment with PFL impairs the mitochondrial function, leading to the inhibition of glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration and induction of apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway. The RNA-sequencing experiment shows that PFL can perturb the pathways involved in DNA synthesis, DNA damage, metabolism, and transcriptional activity. These findings demonstrate that PFL intervenes in several cellular processes including DNA damage, thymidylate synthase inhibition, and perturbation of the mitochondrial bioenergetics to kill the cancer cells. The results highlight the significance of a triple-action prodrug for efficient anticancer therapy for TNBCs.Utilizing solar energy to evaporate seawater or sewage to improve water quality is an environment-friendly and sustainable water treatment technology, which has been widely concerned. However, there are still many challenges for efficient solar vapor generation, such as incapable free floating, low water-transfer rates, low energy efficiency, serious salt precipitation, and short service life. Herein, photothermal conversion nanofibrous aerogels (PTCNFAs) with vertically aligned microchannels inside are fabricated. Because of the orderly framework structure and the good hydrophilicity, the PTCNFAs show excellent underwater compressive fatigue durability (nearly no plastic deformation after 50 compressive cycles) and water-transfer rate (0.5 cm s-1 in the first second). Furthermore, the surface temperature of the PTCNFAs could rise from 28 to 94 °C in air, after being irradiated for 30 s by 1 sun. Benefiting from the excellent mechanical properties, high water-transfer rates, and outstanding photothermal properties, the PTCNFAs are more convenient in application and exhibit an efficient solar water evaporation rate (2.89 kg m-2 h-1), while the energy efficiency under 1 sun is about 90.3%. This work provides a new approach to design and fabricate the solar steam generation materials for water treatment.Two-dimensional (2D) layered hybrid bromoplumbate perovskites are promising candidates for solution-processed light-emitting materials. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of two novel layered bromoplumbates (4BrPhMA)2PbBr4 (1) and (4BrPhA)6Pb3Br12 (2), where 4BrPhMA is (4-bromophenyl)methylammonium and 4BrPhA is (4-bromophenyl) ammonium. Despite similar optical absorption, these materials show remarkably different photoluminescence properties 1 emits a narrow exciton band at ca. 395 nm with a very small bandwidth (particularly at low temperatures of 15-50 K) and Stokes shift, while 2 exhibits a broad emission at ca. 560 nm with a large Stokes shift, both at low and ambient temperatures. However, under several kbar of hydrostatic pressure, the broad emission diminishes and a new band reversibly develops at ca. 395 nm, similar to that in 1. Our results emphasize organic layer flexibility as an important design factor for this class of perovskite-like materials featuring broadband emission.Transfers of multiple electrons and protons are challenging yet central to many energy-conversion processes and other chemical and biochemical reactions. Semiconducting oxides can hold multiple redox equivalents. This study describes the 2e-/2H+ transfer reactivity of photoreduced ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticle (NP) colloids with molecular 2e-/2H+ acceptors, to form new O-H, N-H, and C-H bonds. The reaction stoichiometries were monitored by NMR and optical spectroscopies. Faster 2e-/2H+ transfer rates were observed for substrates forming O-H or N-H bonds, presumably due to initial hydrogen bonding at the oxide surface. Chemically reduced ZnO NPs stabilized by Na+ or Ca2+ also engage in 2e-/2H+ transfer reactivity, showing that protons transferred in these processes are inherent to the oxide nanoparticles and do not exclusively stem from photoreduction. These results highlight the potential of ZnO and TiO2 for multiple proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) reactions.
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