Notes

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The average number of grade 2 or higher toxicities was significantly higher in patients who received IMRT (mean 1.15, range 0-6) compared to PT (mean 0.35, range 0-3; P=0.02).

In this signal seeking phase II trial, PT was not associated with a delay in time to cognitive failure but did reduce toxicity and patient reported fatigue. Larger randomized trials are needed to determine the potential of PT such as dose escalation for glioblastoma and cognitive preservation in patients with lower grade gliomas with a longer survival time.
In this signal seeking phase II trial, PT was not associated with a delay in time to cognitive failure but did reduce toxicity and patient reported fatigue. Larger randomized trials are needed to determine the potential of PT such as dose escalation for glioblastoma and cognitive preservation in patients with lower grade gliomas with a longer survival time.The United States is facing a maternal health crisis with rising rates of maternal mortality and morbidity and stark disparities in maternal outcomes by race and socioeconomic status. Among the efforts to address this issue, one policy proposal is gaining particular traction extending the period of Medicaid eligibility for pregnant women beyond 60 days after childbirth. The authors examine the legislative and regulatory pathways most readily available for extending postpartum Medicaid, including their relative political, economic, and public health trade-offs. They also review the state and federal policy activity to date and discuss the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the prospects for policy change.This study provides an evaluation of the implementation of a school-based integrated approach to improve academic outcomes by targeting children's education, health, and poverty. A two-year municipal subsidy program was provided to four primary schools in a deprived urban neighborhood in Amsterdam. Schools were put in charge of the implementation and coordination of the program. The municipality and district authorities provided assistance. This study evaluated whether the program functioned as integrated approach, i.e., whether it targeted multiple domains and environments by involving various agencies and actors, and what factors facilitated or hampered this. It also yielded an overview of the initiatives implemented and the facilitators and barriers of successful implementation of initiatives. Principals' perceptions served as the main input for this study. We thematically analyzed seven written customized plans for spending the subsidy (one to two per school), 15 transcripts of interviews with the princip agencies and actors, and/or being implemented in the same location.A multiage commercial layer pullet operation with a history of chicken embryo (CEO) modified live infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) virus vaccination suffered severe ILT breaks in 2017. The initial sequencing revealed that the circulating virus was of vaccine origin. Changes to the timing and dosage of CEO ILT vaccine failed to control the outbreak. The clinical resolution of the outbreak occurred with the transition to a turkey herpesvirus vector vaccine given in hatchery followed by a tissue culture origin (TCO) vaccine given before the onset of symptoms on the farm. The circulating ILT viruses were monitored periodically using next generation sequencing. This site became free of ILT virus within one year after implementing the new vaccination program.The aim of this study was to evaluate and quantify the parasitological challenge in pastured poultry production in the state of Georgia. Over the course of one year, fecal samples from six turkey flocks, ten broiler flocks and 13 layer flocks were collected on a pastured farm in two-week intervals to determine counts of Eimeria oocysts and nematode eggs. Average coccidia counts were 10,198 oocysts per gram of feces (OPG) in broiler flocks, 1,470 OPG in layer flocks and 695 OPG in turkey flocks. The means in broiler and turkey flocks were higher at their first week on pasture. Counts in broilers and layers were significantly higher in spring than in winter and summer. Coccidia counts in broilers were lower than published numbers in conventionally reared poultry, indicating the rotation system of the pastures might effectively reduce the infection pressure. Next-generation sequencing of PCR products showed the presence of most described Eimeria spp. in broilers, layers, and turkeys. In addition, Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) x, y and z were found. The frequency of species was similar for broilers and layers, with the exception that Eimeria praecox and OTU z were more common in layers. In layer flocks, the average count of roundworm eggs per gram of feces (EPG) was 509 EPG with 80% of the samples being positive. The mean counts had no clear pattern related to age. There was an increase of EPG with the increase of temperatures during spring and summer with the peak at mid-fall. VT107 solubility dmso Worm eggs from laying hens were identified as A. galli. The seasonal differences suggest that higher temperatures might result in an increase of egg survival and sporulation in the environment.
An enlarged suprameatal tubercle (SMT) can obscure visualization of the trigeminal nerve and require removal during microvascular decompression (MVD) surgery, especially when the superior petrosal vein (SPV) complex is preserved.

To define the incidence and important variables affecting the need for SMT removal with an SPV-sparing trigeminal nerve MVD.

Retrospective single-institution review identified patients who underwent a first-time, SPV-sparing MVD for trigeminal neuralgia (TGN) over a 26-mo period. SMT length (SMT-L), SMT width (SMT-W), and peri-trigeminal cerebellopontine cisternal thickness (CT) were measured from axial high-resolution magnetic resonance images. Need for SMT removal and use of endoscopic assistance was recorded. Data were analyzed using unpaired t-tests, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC)/area under the curve testing.

A total of 43 MVD surgeries for TGN on 42 patients (mean age 52.7±14.4 yr) were analyzed. Mean SMT-L, SMT-W, and CT were 9.8±1.6, 2.0±0.8, and 4.2±1.5 mm, respectively.
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