Notes

Preclinical review in neuronal regrowth inside the injury-related microenvironment associated with graphene-based scaffolds.
The rate of the device-oriented endpoint was 22% in the BVS and 18% in the EES/BES group (p= 0.49). The patient-oriented composite endpoint occurred in 40% of BVS- and 43% of EES/BES-treated patients (p= 0.72) at 5 years. No acute coronary syndrome due to stent thrombosis was detected after 2 years. Lenvatinib Complete BVS strut resorption was observed at 5 years in the OCT subgroup.

Five-year clinical outcomes were similar between BVS and DES patients as well as angiographic outcomes in a selected subgroup. However, a definitive conclusion cannot be drawn because the EverBio-2 trial was not powered for clinical and angiographic endpoints at 5 years of follow-up.
Five-year clinical outcomes were similar between BVS and DES patients as well as angiographic outcomes in a selected subgroup. However, a definitive conclusion cannot be drawn because the EverBio-2 trial was not powered for clinical and angiographic endpoints at 5 years of follow-up.
Whilst much research has addressed patients' expectations and experiences of cancer treatment, little research has explored the association between these factors. The current qualitative study aimed to explore patients' beliefs about the relationship between their expectations of cancer treatment and their subsequent experiences.

Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with sixteen individuals who had received cancer treatment.

Data were analysed using thematic analysis and illustrated that cancer treatment was experienced as a challenge that could be understood in terms of two themes 'investing in treatment' reflecting trust in treatment and health care professionals and a sense that treatment was a necessary evil and 'encountering tensions or disconnects' illustrating the mismatch between expectations and experiences with patient reporting feeling unprepared, pleasantly surprised or shock. Transcending these themes was the notion of 'searching for stability and certainty' in terms of a desire for normality and a shift in focus between treatment process and outcome. Overall, disconnects were apparent between participants' expectations and experiences. However, due to their trust in treatment, participants were able to shift their focus between the treatment itself and future outcomes, to regain a sense of certainty.

Patients describe a complex relationship between expectations and experiences and are able to shift their focus between process and outcome to cope with the challenges they face.
Patients describe a complex relationship between expectations and experiences and are able to shift their focus between process and outcome to cope with the challenges they face.
Increasing personal protective behaviours is critical for stopping the spread of respiratory viruses, including SARS-CoV-2 We need evidence to inform how to achieve this. We aimed to synthesize evidence on interventions to increase six personal protective behaviours (e.g., hand hygiene, face mask use, maintaining physical distancing) to limit the spread of respiratory viruses.

We used best practice for rapid evidence reviews. We searched Ovid MEDLINE and Scopus. Studies conducted in adults or children with active or passive comparators were included. We extracted data on study design, intervention content, mode of delivery, population, setting, mechanism(s) of action, acceptability, practicability, effectiveness, affordability, spill-over effects, and equity impact. Study quality was assessed with Cochrane's risk-of-bias tool. A narrative synthesis and random-effects meta-analyses were conducted.

We identified 39 studies conducted across 15 countries. Interventions targeted hand hygiene (n=30) and/or faiew.Oligonucleotide phosphorothioates (OPS) are DNA or RNA mimics where one phosphate oxygen is replaced by a sulfur atom. They have been shown to enter mammalian cells much more efficiently than non-modified DNA. Thus, solving one of the key challenges with oligonucleotide technology, OPS became very useful in practice, with several FDA-approved drugs on the market or in late clinical trials. However, the mechanism accounting for this facile cellular uptake is unknown. Here, we show that OPS enter cells by thiol-mediated uptake. The transient adaptive network produced by dynamic covalent pseudo-disulfide exchange is characterized in action. Inhibitors with nanomolar efficiency are provided, together with activators that reduce endosomal capture for efficient delivery of OPS into the cytosol, the site of action.
Narcolepsy is an uncommon hypothalamic disorder of presumed autoimmune origin that usually requires lifelong treatment. This paper aims to provide evidence-based guidelines for the management of narcolepsy in both adults and children.

The European Academy of Neurology (EAN), European Sleep Research Society (ESRS) and European Narcolepsy Network (EU-NN) nominated a task force of 18 narcolepsy specialists. According to the EAN recommendations, 10 relevant clinical questions were formulated in PICO format. Following a systematic review of the literature (performed in Fall 2018 and updated in July 2020) recommendations were developed according to the GRADE approach.

A total of 10,247 references were evaluated, 308 studies were assessed and 155 finally included. The main recommendations can be summarized as follows (i) excessive daytime sleepiness in adults-scheduled naps, modafinil, pitolisant, sodium oxybate (SXB), solriamfetol (all strong), methylphenidate, amphetamine derivates (both weak); (ii) cataplexy in adults-SXB, venlafaxine, clomipramine (all strong) and pitolisant (weak); (iii) excessive daytime sleepiness in children-scheduled naps, SXB (both strong), modafinil, methylphenidate, pitolisant, amphetamine derivates (all weak); (iv) cataplexy in children-SXB (strong), antidepressants (weak). Treatment choices should be tailored to each patient's symptoms, comorbidities, tolerance and risk of potential drug interactions.

The management of narcolepsy involves non-pharmacological and pharmacological approaches with an increasing number of symptomatic treatment options for adults and children that have been studied in some detail.
The management of narcolepsy involves non-pharmacological and pharmacological approaches with an increasing number of symptomatic treatment options for adults and children that have been studied in some detail.
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