Notes

Current Helicobacter pylori Diagnostics.
orm a more comprehensive assessment of the mutational spectrum of South Asia to identify novel genetic variants associated with AD and cognition in this population. J Am Geriatr Soc 68S45-S53, 2020.
To introduce cost-effective expert clinical diagnoses of dementia into population-based research using an online platform and to demonstrate their validity against in-person clinical assessment and diagnosis.

The online platform provides standardized data necessary for clinicians to rate participants on the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR
). Using this platform, clinicians diagnosed 60 patients at a range of CDR levels at two clinical sites. HS-10296 purchase The online consensus diagnosis was compared with in-person clinical consensus diagnosis.

All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Delhi, and National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India.

Thirty patients each at AIIMS and NIMHANS with equal numbers of patients previously independently rated in person by experts as CDR is 0 (cognitively normal), CDR is 0.5 (mild cognitive impairment), and CDR is 1 or greater (dementia).

Multiple clinicians independently rate each participant on each CDR domain using standardized data anan be used for other epidemiological studies of dementia. J Am Geriatr Soc 68S54-S59, 2020.
To document sex differences in late-life cognitive function and identify their early-life determinants among older Indian adults.

Harmonized Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia for Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI-DAD).

Individual cognitive testing in hospital or household setting across 14 states of India.

Individuals aged 60 years and older from LASI-DAD (2017-2019) (N = 2,704; 53.5% female).

Given the low levels of literacy and numeracy among older Indian adults, we consider two composite cognitive scores as outcome variables. Score I is based on tests that do not require literacy or numeracy, whereas score II is based on tests that require such skills. Ordinary least squares is used to estimate models featuring a progressively increasing number of covariates. We add to the baseline specification, including a sex dummy, age, and state indicators, measures of early-life socioeconomic status (SES), early-life nutrition, as proxied by knee height, and education.

Across most cognitive domains, women perform significantly worse than for men -0.4 standard deviations (SD) for score I and -0.8 SD for score II. Early-life SES, health, and education explain 90% of the gap for score I and 55% for score II. Results are similar across hospital-based and home testing.

In India, lower levels of early-life human capital investments in nutrition and education among women compared with men are associated with a female disadvantage in late-life cognitive health. This has important implications for public health policy, aiming at reducing the risk of cognitive decline and dementia-a nascent concern in India. J Am Geriatr Soc 68S20-S28, 2020.
In India, lower levels of early-life human capital investments in nutrition and education among women compared with men are associated with a female disadvantage in late-life cognitive health. This has important implications for public health policy, aiming at reducing the risk of cognitive decline and dementia-a nascent concern in India. J Am Geriatr Soc 68S20-S28, 2020.
To provide high-quality data on older adults in India that will enable an in-depth study of late-life cognition and dementia in India and cross-country analysis of risk factors for cognitive aging and dementia.

The Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI) is a nationally representative survey of health, economic, and social well-being of the Indian population aged 45 and older. Its large sample of more than 70,000 older adults represents not only the country as a whole but also each state. LASI-Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia (DAD) is an in-depth study of late-life cognition and dementia, drawing a subsample of over 3,000 LASI respondents aged 60 and older.

Participants were interviewed at home or in a participating hospital according to their preferences.

Adults aged 60 and older (N = 3,224), along with 3,191 informants.

Respondents underwent a battery of cognitive tests, and informants were interviewed about their cognitive and health conditions. A common set of cognitive tests was selected to enable international comparisons, and additional cognitive tests suitable for illiterate and innumerate populations were also selected. Rich data on risk factors of dementia were collected through health examination, venous blood assays, and genotyping.

The response rate was 82.9%, varying across sex, education, and urbanicity. Data are available to other researchers.

LASI-DAD provides an opportunity to study late-life cognition and dementia and their risk factors in the older population in India and to gain further insights through cross-country analysis by pooling data from its international sister studies. J Am Geriatr Soc 68S5-S10, 2020.
LASI-DAD provides an opportunity to study late-life cognition and dementia and their risk factors in the older population in India and to gain further insights through cross-country analysis by pooling data from its international sister studies. J Am Geriatr Soc 68S5-S10, 2020.
To test whether a relatively complex model of human cognitive abilities based on Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) theory, developed mainly in English-speaking samples, adequately describes correlations among tests in the Longitudinal Aging Study in India-Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia (LASI-DAD), and to develop accurate measures of cognition for older individuals in India.

LASI-DAD participants were recruited from participants aged 60 years and older from 14 states in the core LASI survey, with a stratified sampling design.

Participants were interviewed at home or in a participating hospital, according to their preferences.

Community-residing older adults aged 60 years and older (N = 3,224).

A variety of cognitive tests were administered during two pretests and chosen for their appropriateness for measuring cognition in older adults in India and suitability for calibration with the core LASI survey and the Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol.

We evaluated the factor structure of the test battery and its conformity with a classical CHC factor model that incorporated measurement models for general cognition, five broad domains (orientation, executive functioning, language/fluency, memory, and visuospatial), and five narrow domains (reasoning, attention/speed, immediate memory, delayed memory, and recognition memory) of cognitive performance.
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