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Review in the Usefulness regarding Picture Recouvrement inside the Indirect as well as Double-oblique Sagittal Aircraft with regard to Magnetic Resonance Image resolution in the Canine Cranial Cruciate Tendon.
© 2020 The Authors. The FASEB Journal published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.Osteosarcoma (OSA) is the most common primary bone cancer in children, adolescents and dogs. Current combination surgical and chemotherapeutic treatments have increased survival. However, in recurrent or metastatic disease settings, the prognosis significantly decreases, representing an urgent need for better second-line and novel chemotherapeutics. The current gold standard for combination chemotherapy in OSA often includes a platinum agent, for example, cisplatin or carboplatin. These platinum agents are shuttled within the cell via copper transporters. Recent interest in targeting copper transport has been directed towards antioxidant protein 1 (Atox1) and copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase 1 (CCS), with Atox1 demonstrating the ability to aggregate platinum agents, preventing them from forming DNA adducts. DC_AC50 is a small molecule inhibitor of both Atox1 and CCS. To assess the impact of targeting these pathways on chemotherapy response, two human and two canine OSA cell lines were utilized. After treatment with single agent or combination drugs, cell viability was evaluated and pharmacological synergism calculated using the combination index method. NSC 649890 Apoptosis, cell cycle distribution, clonogenic survival and migration were also evaluated. DC_AC50 synergised with carboplatin in combination treatment of human and canine OSA cells to reduce cancer cell viability. DC_AC50-treated cells were significantly less mitotically active, as demonstrated by decreased expression of phospho-histone H3 and cell cycle analysis. DC_AC50 also potentiated carboplatin-induced apoptosis in OSA cells and decreased clonogenic survival. Finally, DC_AC50 reduced the migratory ability of OSA cells. These results justify further investigation into inhibiting intracellular copper chaperones as a means of reducing/preventing acquired chemotherapy resistance. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Chilaiditi syndrome is a rare condition where the bowel is interposed between the liver and the diaphragm. This is usually an incidental radiological finding. The spectrum of presentation varies from an asymptomatic incidental finding to acute bowel obstruction resulting in peritonitis. We present such a case of Chilaiditi syndrome admitted with intermittent bowel obstruction and chronic abdominal pain that underwent robotic right hemicolectomy. The application of da Vinci surgical robotic system (Intuitive Surgical, USA) for the optimal treatment of a rare presentation forms the highlight of this case. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.BACKGROUND The aim of this meta-analysis was to comparatively evaluate the outcomes of primary anastomosis (PRA) and nonrestorative resection (NRR) as emergency surgery and ostomy reversal in patients with perforated diverticulitis and peritonitis. METHODS Pubmed, MEDLINE via Ovid, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched. Postoperative morbidity following emergency resection was the primary endpoint. Quality assessment of the included studies was performed using Cochrane Quality Assessment Tool including recruitment bias, crossover with intention-to-treat analysis. Haenszel-Mantel method with odds ratios (OR (95%CI)) and inverse variance method with mean difference (MD (95%CI)) as effect measures were utilized for dichotomous and continuous outcomes, respectively. RESULTS Four randomized controlled trials totaling 382 patients (180 PRA vs. 204 NRR) were included. Morbidity rates following emergency resection did not differ [OR(95%CI)=0.99 (0.65, 1.51); p=0.95; NNT=96]. Organ/space SSI rates were 3.3% in PRA vs. 11.3% in NRR [OR(95%CI)=0.29 (0.12, 0.74); p=0.009; NNT=13]. Postoperative morbidity rates following ostomy reversal were significantly lower in PRA [OR(95%CI)=0.31 (0.15, 0.64); p=0.001; NNT=7]. Pooled ostomy non-reversal rates were 16% in PRA vs. 35.5% in NRR [OR(95%CI)=0.37 (0.22, 0.62); p=0.0001; NNT=6] with high heterogeneity (I2 =63%; Tau2 =8.17). Meta-regression analysis revealed significant negative correlation between PRA-to-NRR crossover rate and ostomy non-reversal rate (p=0.029). CONCLUSION This meta-analysis found that PRA was associated with better short- and long-term outcomes at the cost of significantly longer operating time at emergency surgery. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.The neurotoxicity of hard metal-based nanoparticles (NPs) remains poorly understood. Here, we deployed the human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y differentiated or not into dopaminergic- and cholinergic-like neurons to study the impact of tungsten carbide (WC) NPs, WC NPs sintered with cobalt (Co), or Co NPs versus soluble CoCl2 . Co NPs and Co salt triggered a dose-dependent cytotoxicity with an increase in cytosolic calcium, lipid peroxidation, and depletion of glutathione (GSH). Co NPs and Co salt also suppressed glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) mRNA and protein expression. Co-exposed cells were rescued by N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a precursor of GSH, and partially by liproxstatin-1, an inhibitor of lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, in silico analyses predicted a significant correlation, based on similarities in gene expression profiles, between Co-containing NPs and Parkinson's disease, and changes in the expression of selected genes were validated by RT-PCR. Finally, experiments using primary human dopaminergic neurons demonstrated cytotoxicity and GSH depletion in response to Co NPs and CoCl2 with loss of axonal integrity. Overall, these data point to a marked neurotoxic potential of Co-based but not WC NPs and show that neuronal cell death may occur through a ferroptosis-like mechanism. © 2020 Karolinska Institutet. The FASEB Journal published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.BACKGROUND Synthetic hair fiber implantation first achieved widespread use in the 1970s, but in 1983, the US Federal Drug Administration banned the fibers due to its complications. Currently available synthetic fibers consist of polyamide material, which has been claimed to be effective and safe. Nevertheless, its use for hair restoration is controversial because of complications such as recurrent infections; the rejection and the faster-than-anticipated loss of fibers; frequent allergic reactions; fears about carcinogenicity; cicatricial alopecia; granulomatous hypersensitivity; and cyst formation. AIMS To report complications of synthetic hair implantation and treatments. METHODS We report the clinical data, pathological studies, and treatment outcomes of two patients who developed complications after a synthetic hair implantation. RESULTS Our case reports showed significant moderate-to-severe adverse events, including recurrent folliculitis, scalp crusting, scarring, the matting and breakage of fibers, and granulomatous reactions.
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