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mTOR Exercise and Autophagy throughout Senescent Cells, an intricate Relationship.
In 2019, the Board of Trustees of the American Association of Orthodontists asked a panel of medical and dental experts in sleep medicine and dental sleep medicine to create a document designed to offer guidance to practicing orthodontists on the suggested role of the specialty of orthodontics in the management of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome. The present article aimed to provide interpretation of this White Paper, and to further help Chinese orthodontist to understand it.Original documents of professional practices and research preserved on the stomatological journals demonstrated the development of stomatology. In this review article, we made an analysis on the progression of the scientific stomatological journals in modern China. The development of stomatology were influenced by the social and environmental factors. Evolutionary process of stomatology in modern China, which could be divided into 4 stages named as embryonic, development, stagnation and recovery stages, showed a development history from merely tooth extraction and prosthodontic treatment to sophisticated multiple disciplines.Objective To establish and to evaluate a computer-aided system based on deep-learning for detection and diagnosis of dental approximal caries on periapical radiographs. Methods One hundred and sixty human premolars and molars extracted for orthodontic or periodontal reasons were obtained from Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University. A total of 160 periapical radiographic images were divided into a training dataset (n=80) and a test dataset (n=80). A deep-learning based computer-aided caries diagnosis system was established and trained. The performances of computer-aided diagnosis system and human observer were compared using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, precision-recall (P-R) curves, the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). The AUC values of human observers and caries diagnosis system was compared by using an online statistical tool (SPSSAU 20.0). Chi-square test was used to analyze the differences between human observers and caries diagnosis system (ɑ=0.05). Results The AUC values of human observers and caries diagnosis system were 0.729 (95%CI 0.650-0.808) and 0.762 (95%CI 0.685-0.839), respectively (P>0.05). No significant differences were found for the specificity, PPV and NPV between the caries diagnosis system and human observers (P all>0.05). The caries diagnosis system was significantly more sensitive in detecting dental proximal caries than human observers (P less then 0.05). For the diagnosis of level-1 caries (caries limited to outer 1/2 of enamel), the sensitivity of human observers and computer-aided detection system were 27% and 77%, respectively (P less then 0.05). Conclusions The computer-aided diagnosis system provided similar accuracy as human observers and significantly better sensitivity than human observers, especially for shallow caries in enamel.Objective To prepare a three-dimensional (3D) printing donor tooth model and to observe its application in the peri-operative period. Methods In part one, 192 cases (2017.9-2019.8) from Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University ［107 males and 85 females, age (34.2±10.7) years］ which need autotransplantation of teeth (ATT) were collected. read more Whether the donor teeth can be completely extracted was predicted through clinical and imaging examination (first prediction). The second prediction was supplemented by the three-dimensional printing model of the donor teeth. Each of the prediction was compared with the actual results and the coincidence rate was calculated. In part two, 64 cases (2017.9-2019.8) from Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University ［28 males, 36 females, age (30.2±8.3) years］ which need ATT were randomly divided into the model group and the donor group. The time of alveolarth, and to help to improve the prediction accuracy of complete extraction of donor teeth and the time of pulpotomy and root canal location.Objective To compare the caries experience and the kinds of dental treatment between children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and children without systemic disease who were all treated under general anesthesia. Methods Totally 103 children with ASD who received dental treatments under general anesthesia in 13 professional dental hospitals around China from April to November 2016 were included in the present study. A group of 97 children without systemic disease, according to the age, gender and application propensity score matching method, were chosen as controls, who received dental treatments under general anesthesia between January 2015 to November 2018 in the same hospitals as the children with ASD. Decay missing filling tooth (DMFT/dmft, DMFT for permanent teeth and dmft for primary teeth) indices of two groups of children and the contents of the dental treatments under general anesthesia were analyzed. Results No significant difference of DMFT/dmft index ［M (Q25, Q75)］ was found between children with ASD group ［0 (0, 3)/11(8, 14)］ and control group ［0 (0, 3)/9(7, 13)］ (P>0.05). The average number of dental treatments under general anesthesia and the average number of endodontic treatment in children with ASD were 13 (11, 15) and 3 (2, 6) teeth respectively, while those in the control group were 12 (9, 14) and 2 (1, 4) teeth respectively, the differences were statistically significant (P less then 0.01, P less then 0.05). Conclusions No significant difference was found between children with ASD and the normal controls who receive dental treatments under general anesthesia in DMFT/dmft index, but the treatment needs of children with ASD is relatively higher, and their tooth decay is relatively severer.Objective To evaluate the meaning of arthrography with cone-beam CT（CBCT） imaging in the diagnosis of temporomandibular disorders(TMD). Methods Four hundred and forty-eight cases of temporomandibular upper joint cavity arthrography with CBCT imaging were retrospectively analyzed. The distribution of disc displacement with reduction or without reduction, disc perforation, enlargement or tearing of joint capsule were analyzed. The characteristics of arthrography with CBCT imaging were also described. Results There were 384 female and 64 male among the 448 cases of TMD with CBCT arthrographic images. The median age was 31.5 years， range from 14 to 81 years old. As about the age distribution, there were 63 cases in the group of ≤20 years old, 150 cases in the group of >20 and ≤30 years old, 86 cases in the group of >30 and ≤40 years old, 59 cases in the group of >40 and ≤50 years old, 58 cases in the group of>50 and ≤60 years old, and 32 cases in the group of >60 years old. There were 356 cases with disc displacement, in which there were 328 cases of disc displacement without reduction, and 28 cases of disc displacement with reduction.
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