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Risk Factors regarding SARS-CoV-2 Contamination Seriousness inside Abu Dhabi.
PCPS induced the production of NO and H2O2 to initiate an early defense response. Treatment with PCPS resulted in increased transcript levels of the genes PAL, 4CL, LPO, and increased activities of phenylalanine lyase and peroxidase, which improved the TMV resistance of Nicotiana glutinosa. Expression of the PR-1b gene was also activated during the defense response. V.Three types of carbohydrate polymers starch (ST), chitosan (CH), and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) were integrated with mesoporous silica (MCM-48) in some biopolymers nanocomposites (MCM-48/ST, MCM-48/CH, MCM-48/β-CD) as promising delivery systems for ibuprofen drug. This was conducted by simple mixing of the polymers gels with the MCM-48 fractions. The investigated composites are of 328 mg/g, 360 mg/g, 479 mg/g, and 420 mg/g maximum loading capacities for MCM-48, MCM-48/ST, MCM-48/CH, and MCM-48/β-CD, respectively. The kinetic studies revealed preference for the Pseudo-first order model suggesting physisorption loading mechanisms. This supported by the thermodynamic parameters and the recognized adsorption energies that are 0.55 KJ/mol (MCM-48), 0.63 KJ/mol (MCM-48/ST), 0.65 KJ/mol (MCM-48/CH), and 0.65 KJ/mol (MCM-48/β-CD). The equilibrium fitting suggested monolayer loading for ibuprofen by MCM-48 and MCM-48/CH with excellent fitting with the Langmuir hypothesis. The loading properties of MCM-48/ST and MCM-48/β-CD are of multilayer form and follow the Freundlich assumption. The releasing profiles of the drug reflected significant controlled properties depending on the ratio and the type of the integrated polymers for 300 h. The pharmacokinetic investigation of the releasing results demonstrated the best fitting with Korsmeyer-Peppas with diffusion exponent (n) values related to non-Fickian transport behavior suggesting a combination of erosion and diffusion mechanisms. In this study, calcium borate (CB) nanoparticles were in-situ grown onto cellulose acetate-laurate (CAL) template to prepare CB/CAL nanocomposite with uniform dispersion of CB nanoparticles by hydrothermal method. As-prepared CB/CAL nanoparticles were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope, Fourier transforms infrared spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. With average wear scar diameter (WSD), coefficient of friction (COF) and maximum non-seizure load (PB) as evaluation criterions, CB/CAL, CAL, and CB were used as lubricant additives in poly-alpha-olefin (PAO) base oil to comparatively investigate the tribological properties with a four-ball tribotester. It was found that under the load of 490 N, the WSD and COF of PAO + CB/CAL (concentration of 0.6 wt%) reduced by 25.9% and 48.7%, respectively, and PB increased by 79.6% compared with pure PAO base oil. CB/CAL nanocomposite exhibited superior lubricating performances than CB and CAL. In addition, the synergistic lubricating mechanism of CB/CAL nanocomposite as lubricant additive was explored. In the present study, the promoter region of the pearl millet heat shock protein 10 (PgHsp10) gene was cloned and characterized. The PgHsp10 promoter (PgHsp10pro) sequence region has all the cis-motifs required for tissue and abiotic stress inducibility. The complete PgHsp10pro (PgHsp10PC) region and a series of 5' truncations of PgHsp10 (PgHsp10D1 and PgHsp10D2) and an antisense form of PgHsp10pro (PgHsp10AS) were cloned into a plant expression vector (pMDC164) through gateway cloning. All four constructs were separately transformed into tobacco through Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation, and PCR-confirmed transgenic plants progressed to T1 and T2 generations. The T2 transgenic tobacco plants comprising all PgHsp10pro fragments were used for GUS histochemical and qRT-PCR assays in different tissues under control and abiotic stresses. The PgHsp10PC pro expression was specific to stem and seedlings under control conditions. Under different abiotic stresses, particularly heat stress, PgHsp10PCpro had relatively higher activity than PgHsp10D1pro, PgHsp10D2pro and PgHsp10ASpro. PgHsp10pro from a stress resilient crop like pearl millet responds positively to a range of abiotic stresses, in particular heat, when expressed in heterologous plant systems such as tobacco. Hence, PgHsp10pro appears to be a potential promoter candidate for developing heat and drought stress-tolerant crop plants. V.Biopolymer blend interactions influence the physical, mechanical and barrier properties of edible packaging. Starch (rice and hydroxypropyl cassava starch mixture), agar and maltodextrin were formulated to control the solubility of edible films. Blend materials were characterized for fluid rheology, solid microstructure, mechanical barrier and physical properties. Agar enhanced solid behavior and governed low temperature gelation of the blends, giving improved film forming ability and hydrophobicity. Flexibility of the films highly depended on integrity of polymer networks. Agar formed continuous networks entangled in starch matrices. Conversely, maltodextrin acted as a filler that reduced mechanical strength at high concentration (>40%) due to interruption of network integrity. Interaction between starch and agar led to poor water solubility that was insignificantly impacted by agar concentration (10% to 30%) due to identical molecular bonding. Maltodextrin produced highly miscible and plasticized starch-agar films and led to reduced mechanical relaxation temperature and shriveling of film structures after mold dipping. Solubility increased linearly with higher maltodextrin concentration. Molecular interaction between maltodextrin and starch/agar matrices insignificantly influenced solubility, while strong interaction between starch and agar highly controlled solubility. Findings clarified the interaction mechanisms and behavior of biological macromolecule materials in fluids and solid matrices for manufacture of edible packaging. In recent years, plant based scaffold due to its inherent properties such as mechanical stability, renewability, easy mass production, inexpensiveness, biocompatibility and biodegradability with low toxic effects have received much attention in the field of bone tissue engineering. Design of good tissue compatible plant based polymer scaffold plays a vital role in biomedicine, nanomedicine and in various tissue engineering applications. The present study focused on the fabrication of a novel herbal scaffold using the medicinal plants Spinacia oleracea (SO) and Cissus quadrangularis (CQ) extracts incorporated with Alginate (Alg), Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC) by lyophilization method. The structural nature and the properties of prepared scaffold were analyzed by XRD, FE-SEM, FTIR, EDAX, TGA, swelling ratio, porosity, in-vitro degradation and cell viability studies. The biocompatible nature of the plant based polymer scaffold was assessed using MG-63 Human Osteosarcoma cell line. read more The investigation of biocompatibility study showed that Alg/CMC/SO scaffold expressed higher cell viability than Alg/CMC/SO-CQ scaffold, which possess better cellular biocompatibility.
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