Notes

'Boxing in the corner': An improved retrograde method for the management of proximal ureteric gemstones involving 1-2 cm.
Positron emission tomography (PET) amyloid quantification methods require magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for spatial registration and a priori reference region to scale the images. Furthermore, different tracers have distinct thresholds for positivity. We propose the AMYQ index, a new measure of amyloid burden, to overcome these limitations.

We selected 18F-amyloid scans from ADNI and Australian Imaging, Biomarker & Lifestyle Flagship Study of Ageing (AIBL) with the corresponding T1-MRI. A subset also had neuropathological data. PET images were normalized, and the AMYQ was calculated based on an adaptive template. We compared AMYQ with the Centiloid scale on clinical and neuropathological diagnostic performance.

AMYQ was related with amyloid neuropathological burden and had excellent diagnostic performance to discriminate controls from patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) (area under the curve [AUC]=0.86). AMYQ had a high agreement with the Centiloid scale (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]=0.88) and AUC between 0.94 and 0.99 to discriminate PET positivity when using different Centiloid cutoffs.

AMYQ is a new MRI-independent index for standardizing and quantifying amyloid load across tracers.
AMYQ is a new MRI-independent index for standardizing and quantifying amyloid load across tracers.HLA-G allele frequencies were studied in Yucatán (Mexico) Maya Amerindians by a direct exon DNA sequencing technique. It is described that Mayas are probably one of the first populations together with Olmecs that populated Meso America and that important HLA genetic differences between Mexican and Guatemalan Mayas support that Maya languages were imposed to several neighbouring Amerindian groups. HLA-G*010102, HLA-G*010101 and HLA-G*010401 are the most frequent alleles in this population. It is remarkable that HLA-G*0105N allele was not found in the population in accordance with similar results found in another Amerindians. Also, protein allele HLA-G*0104 frequency is found not to differ to those found in another far or close living Amerindians in contrast to other World populations. It seems that while high HLA-G*0105N frequency is found in Iran and Middle East populations, probably where this allele appeared within an ancestral HLA-A*19 group of alleles haplotype and it is maintained by unknown evolutionary forces, Amerindians do not have a high frequency because a founder effect or because required natural evolutionary forces do not exist in America. Paclitaxel nmr Finally, we believe useful to study HLA-G evolution for its physiopathology understanding in addition to the many papers on statistics on HLA-G and in vitro models that are yearly published.
The way people respond to pain is based on psychological mechanisms, beliefs and expectations. Mindfulness meditation (MM) has been shown to regulate pain and mental suffering through different mechanisms such as positive reappraisal, attentional and emotional regulation. Yet, subjective experience and meaning of pain in connection with MM are still largely unexplored.

The present mixed-methods study combined an interpretative-phenomenological qualitative approach with an experimental thermal pain paradigm to explore and compare the meaning of experiencing pain in 32 novices who received short meditation training and 30 experts in meditation practice (more than 10, 000hr in life). We collected the qualitative data during in-depth semi-structured interviews where we probed participants' response strategies. During the pain task, we collected self-reports of intensity and unpleasantness, while after the task we collected self-reports of avoidance, openness, vividness and blissfulness.

Five phenomenologica advance our understanding of the metacognitive mechanisms and beliefs underlying mindfulness meditation and can inform pain treatment strategies.Cattle are an attractive animal model of fertility in women due to their high degree of similarity relative to follicle selection, embryo cleavage, blastocyst formation, and gestation length. To facilitate future studies of the epigenetic underpinnings of aging effects in the female reproductive axis, several DNA methylation-based biomarkers of aging (epigenetic clocks) for bovine oocytes are presented. One such clock was germane to only oocytes, while a dual-tissue clock was highly predictive of age in both oocytes and blood. Dual species clocks that apply to both humans and cattle were also developed and evaluated. These epigenetic clocks can be used to accurately estimate the biological age of oocytes. Both epigenetic clock studies and epigenome-wide association studies revealed that blood and oocytes differ substantially with respect to aging and the underlying epigenetic signatures that potentially influence the aging process. The rate of epigenetic aging was found to be slower in oocytes compared to blood; however, oocytes appeared to begin at an older epigenetic age. The epigenetic clocks for oocytes are expected to address questions in the field of reproductive aging, including the central question how to slow aging of oocytes.
The objective of this study was to investigate the dosimetric impact of range uncertainty in a large cohort of patients receiving passive scatter proton therapy.

A cohort of 120 patients were reviewed in this study retrospectively, of which 61 were brain, 39 lung, and 20 prostate patients. Range uncertainties of ±3.5% (overshooting and undershooting by 3.5%, respectively) were added and recalculated on the original plans, which had been planned according to our clinical planning protocol while keeping beamlines, apertures, compensators, and dose grids intact. Changes in the coverage on CTV and DVH for critical organs were compared and analyzed. Correlation between dose change and minimal distance between CTV and critical organs were also investigated.

Although CTV coverages and maximum dose to critical organs were largely maintained for most brain patients, large variations over 5% were still observed sporadically. Critical organs, such as brainstem and chiasm, could still be affected by range uncertainty at 4cm away from CTV.
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