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This suggests that lowering SBP to below 145 mmHg, prior to initiation of OAC, may decrease the risk of haemorrhagic stroke in patients with hypertension and atrial fibrillation.
In this cohort of primary care patients with hypertension and atrial fibrillation, we found that baseline SBP in the 145-180 mmHg range, prior to initiation of OAC, was associated with a more than doubled risk of haemorrhagic stroke, as compared with an SBP of 130 mmHg. This suggests that lowering SBP to below 145 mmHg, prior to initiation of OAC, may decrease the risk of haemorrhagic stroke in patients with hypertension and atrial fibrillation.
High blood pressure and blood pressure variability are potential, modifiable risk factors of poststroke dementia. We aimed to investigate the association between achieved blood pressure, blood pressure variability and poststroke dementia.

We studied 17 064 patients with noncardioembolic ischemic stroke included in the Prevention Regimen for Effectively avoiding Second Strokes (PRoFESS) trial. We analysed the data as a single observational cohort. We studied mean achieved SBP and DBP and blood pressure variability defined as coefficient of variation (SD/mean*100). The association between blood pressure and dementia was investigated with logistic regression analysis, correcting for sociodemographic factors and cardiovascular risk factors.

During 39 818 person-years of follow-up, 817 patients were diagnosed with dementia (2.1 per 100 person-years). We found a significant nonlinear association between mean SBP and the risk of dementia, implying a U-shaped association between mean SBP and dementia. Mean SBP of 120-129 mmHg was associated with a significantly higher risk of dementia than 130-139 mmHg [odds ratio (OR) 1.28; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.03-1.58]. There was no indication of a U-shaped association between mean DBP and dementia, and no significant association between mean DBP categories and dementia. Higher blood pressure variability was associated with an increased risk of dementia (OR 1.06 per point increase, 95% CI 1.02-1.04), independent of mean SBP.

Among patients with a recent noncardioembolic ischemic stroke, there appears to be a U-shaped association between achieved SBP and dementia. High blood pressure variability is associated with an increased risk of poststroke dementia.
Among patients with a recent noncardioembolic ischemic stroke, there appears to be a U-shaped association between achieved SBP and dementia. High blood pressure variability is associated with an increased risk of poststroke dementia.
High blood pressure (BP) increases the risk of dementia; however, few studies have reported on the risk of dementia in patients with low-risk, early-grade hypertension. We investigated the protective effect of controlled BP on risk of dementia in treated, low-risk, grade 1 hypertensive patients from the entire National Health Insurance Service National Health Examinee cohort.

We selected grade 1 hypertension (140-159/90-99 mmHg) patients with low risk, diagnosed in 2005-2006. All patients (N = 128 665) were classified into controlled (average BP < 140/90 mmHg during the follow-up) and uncontrolled (average BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg) BP groups and followed up until 2015. The risk of dementia was estimated using Cox proportional hazard model after adjustments for propensity score.

Average BP was 131/81 mmHg in the controlled group (N = 49 408) and 144/87 mmHg in the uncontrolled group (N = 99 257). Overall dementia incidence rates in controlled and uncontrolled groups were 4.9 and 8.1 per 1000 person-year, respectively. The controlled group showed lower risk of overall dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia than the uncontrolled group. Zimlovisertib The controlled group had a low risk of vascular dementia at all ages, especially in the younger group (age <60). The optimal BP level associated with the lowest risk of dementia was 130 to less than 140 mmHg for SBP and 70 to less than 80 mmHg for DBP.

We concluded that among even low-risk and grade 1 hypertension patients, controlled BP significantly reduced the risk of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.
We concluded that among even low-risk and grade 1 hypertension patients, controlled BP significantly reduced the risk of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.
Among the risk factors of stroke, hypertension was one of the most important and modifiable factors. The current study aimed to assess whether antihypertensive treatment to ideal levels of blood pressure can eliminate stroke risk in a prospective cohort study.

The Kailuan study was a prospective longitudinal cohort study on stroke risk factors and events. We analyzed association of baseline antihypertensive treatment efficacy with the risk of stroke during 11.0-year follow-up, and further evaluated association of newly antihypertensive treatment efficacy at 4-year follow-up with subsequent stroke. Multivariate Cox proportion models were used to calculated hazard ratios and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for stroke.

A total of 97 772 participants (median age 51.65 years) without previous stroke were included. At baseline, 55 518 participants had normotension, 2339 treated and controlled, 32 331 untreated hypertension and 7584 treated but uncontrolled. Compared with normotension, individuals with treated and controlled, untreated hypertension and treated but uncontrolled, had 83, 97 and 162% higher risk of developing total stroke after adjusting for potential stroke risk factors, respectively (hazard ratio 1.83 [95% CI 1.56-2.15], 1.97 [95% CI 1.85-2.11] and 2.62 [95% CI 2.40-2.86]; all P < 0.05). Whereas, normotension at baseline, who were newly normotension with antihypertensives at 4-year follow-up, exhibited no elevated total stroke risk (hazard ratio, 1.41 [95% CI 0.87-2.30]). Similar results existed for stroke subtypes (ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke).

The data suggest that, antihypertensive treatment to normotensive individuals can reduce stroke risk in a short time.
The data suggest that, antihypertensive treatment to normotensive individuals can reduce stroke risk in a short time.
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