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Many studies have emphasized the harmful impact of binge drinking on several cognitive functions, including memory. However, the exact nature of the memory processes involved is still unknown. The present study was designed to assess verbal working memory and verbal episodic memory, especially its encoding, storage and retrieval processes, in binge drinking to identify the processes impacted by this behavior.

Participants were 48 community-recruited college students aged 18-25years and categorized as either binge drinkers (BDs) or social drinkers (SDs). Histamine Receptor inhibitor They were assessed with (a) subtests of the Wechsler scale (digit span, letter-number sequencing) measuring verbal working memory, and (b) a modified version of the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT), which measures verbal episodic memory functioning in various conditions of encoding (controlled) and recollection (free recall, cued recall, and recognition).

Verbal working memory was unaffected by binge drinking, whereas verbal episodic memory performances were reduced. In particular, analysis of the modified FCSRT scores suggested that BDs had less proficient storage and retrieval processes. Furthermore, correlational analyses indicated that the proficiency of these memory components was negatively correlated with several indicators of binge drinking behavior.

Results suggest that binge drinking behavior affects the storage and recollection processes of verbal episodic memory. The academic failure described in binge drinkers could be partly related to this harmful effect. Our results on the negative impact of binge drinking on memory should be used to develop information campaigns targeting students.
Results suggest that binge drinking behavior affects the storage and recollection processes of verbal episodic memory. The academic failure described in binge drinkers could be partly related to this harmful effect. Our results on the negative impact of binge drinking on memory should be used to develop information campaigns targeting students.[This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.abrep.2020.100307.].
Understanding individuals who are successful in recovery from substance use disorders will help to inform treatments and preventative measures. Stress has been shown to be associated with both substance use and relapse. Delay discounting is associated with risk of substance use; it is predictive of treatment outcomes and maintained abstinence. Associations between perceived stress, beliefs about locus of control, and delay discounting have yet to be assessed in individuals in recovery from substance use disorder.

Data from 93 individuals in recovery from substance use recruited from the International Quit and Recovery Registry (IQRR) were analyzed. Individuals completed the adjusting amount delay discounting procedure to obtain delay discounting rates. Level of perceived stress was assessed by the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). An individual's belief about locus of control was assessed using the Internality, Powerful Others and Chance Scale (IPCS).

Delay discounting was a significant predictor of perceived stress and scores associated with beliefs about a Chance locus of control (i.e., belief that events that occur in an individual's life are because of chance or luck), even after controlling for demographic characteristics. Time in recovery was also predictive of levels of perceived stress; this relationship was mediated by delay discounting.

The present study indicates that delay discounting can predict perception of stress and beliefs about a chance locus of control in individuals in recovery. This information may help understand, identify, and assist individuals whomay need different, new, or more intensive interventions for their substance use disorder.
The present study indicates that delay discounting can predict perception of stress and beliefs about a chance locus of control in individuals in recovery. This information may help understand, identify, and assist individuals whomay need different, new, or more intensive interventions for their substance use disorder.Recently, psychoactive substance use and suicidal behaviors have become general themes in popular culture, raising concerns that celebrity admirers may have become more affected in such health-risk behaviors. This study aimed to provide a more nuanced understanding of the role of celebrity worship in psychoactive substance use and self-harming behaviors. An online questionnaire was used recruiting 1,763 Hungarian adult participants (66.42% male, Mage = 37.2 years, SD = 11.4). Linear and binary logistic regressions were performed to investigate the contribution of celebrity worship to psychoactive substance use and self-harming behaviors for males and females. It was found that higher celebrity worship levels consistently predicted intentional self-injury and suicide attempts for both genders. Generally high levels of celebrity worship also predicted drunkenness and the use of illicit drugs and sedatives or tranquilizers for nonmedical purpose among males, while these behaviors were predicted only by excessive levels of celebrity worship among females. However, the explanatory power of celebrity worship for psychoactive substance use and self-harming behaviors was small for both genders (below 5%), indicating that these health-risk behaviors are largely independent of celebrity admiration. The present findings also suggest that individuals with excessive celebrity worship are more likely to encounter severe, potentially life-threatening excesses than more benign forms of maladaptive behaviors relating to substance use.
Mothers with substance use disorders (SUD) often show impairments in parental reflective functioning (PRF), which may have adverse effects on their capacity for sensitive caregiving. Parenting personality is also associated with caregiving. However, no studies have investigated how these individual factors may contribute to variance in PRF in mothers with SUD. In this study PRF and personality were assessed in 43 mothers with SUD.

PRF was assessed by the Parent Development Interview. Personality traits were assessed by the Revised Neuroticism-Extraversion-Openness Personality Inventory.

The results indicate that higher levels of the Openness trait are associated with better PRF.

Mothers low in Openness may need more specific and situational training in interpreting mental states in their children. Highly open mothers with SUD will likely need more help distinguishing the child's mental states from their own, and might need help to maintain mutuality and regulating the intensity of their responses to the child's behavior.
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