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Quantitative magnet resonance imaging examination of brain injury right after profitable cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a rat style of asphyxia cardiac event.
Cell death is a main pathological change in brain ischemia. Astragalus membranaceus (Ast) and ligustrazine (Lig), as traditional Chinese herbs, have a protective effect against ischemia-reperfusion injury.we aim to find whether the underlying protective mechanism of Astragalus membranaceus and ligustrazine against Oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) -induced injury in RBMECs is related to PKCδ/MARCKS pathway.

OGD/R preconditioning was instituted in rat brain microvascular endothelial cells (RBMECs). The survival and apoptosis of RBMECs were detected by a Cell Counting Kit-8 and TUNEL staining; PKCδ/MARCKS and MMP9 expression were examined by immunofluorescence, western blot and quantitative real-time PCR.

OGD/R stimulation significantly increased RBMEC apoptosis, whereas Ast+Lig, Rottlerin or Ast+Lig+Rottlerin treatment evidently reduced cellular apoptosis, and increased cell viability (P <0.05). Furthermore, Ast+Lig, Rottlerin or Ast+Lig+Rottlerin treatment significantly reduced mRNA exne treatment evidently suppressed. Collectively,Astragalus membranaceus and ligustrazine play protective effects against OGD/R-induced injury in RBMECs through regulating PKCδ/MARCKS pathway to inhibit MMP9 activation.
In this work, the performance of sodalite membrane reactor (MR) in methanol to olefins (MTO) process was evaluated for ethylene and propylene production with in situ steam removal using 3-dimensional CFD (computational fluid dynamic) technique.

The local information of component concentration for methanol, ethylene, propylene, and water was obtained by the proposed CFD model. Literature data were applied to validate model results, and between experimental data and predicted results using CFD model, a good agreement was attained. In the sodalite MR model, a commercial SAPO-34 catalyst in the reaction zone was selected. The influence of key operation parameters including pressure and temperature on methanol con-version, water recovery, and yields of ethylene, propylene, and water was studied to evaluate the performance of sodalite MR. Permeation flux through the sodalite membrane was increased by an increase of reaction temperature which led to enhance-ment of water stream recovered in the permeate side.

The CFD modeling results showed that the sodalite MR in MTO process has higher performance regarding methanol conversion compared to the fixed-bed reactor (methanol conversion of 97% and 89% at 733 K for sodalite MR and fixed-bed reactor, respectively).
The CFD modeling results showed that the sodalite MR in MTO process has higher performance regarding methanol conversion compared to the fixed-bed reactor (methanol conversion of 97% and 89% at 733 K for sodalite MR and fixed-bed reactor, respectively).
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an arthropod-borne RNA virus which induces host endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by accumulating unfolded or misfolded proteins. ER stress activates the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway to enable proper protein folding and maintain cellular homeostasis. There is no approved drug or vaccine available for CHIKV treatment, therefore, a pharmacological countermeasure is warranted for preventing CHIKV infection.

With a view to find a treatment modality for chikungunya infection, "andrographolide"; a plant-derived diterpenoid with reported antiviral, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, was used to investigate its role in chikungunya induced unfolded protein stress and apoptosis.

Cells and supernatant collected on andrographolide and VER-155008; a GRP78 inhibitor, treatment in CHIKV infected and mock-infected THP-1 cells were tested for differential expression of UPR pathway proteins including GRP78, PERK, EIF-2α, IRE-1α, XBP-1 and ATF6. Further, the inflammasome and apoptosis pathway proteins i.e. caspase-1, caspase-3 and PARP were tested by immunoblotting and cytokines i.e. IL-1β, IL-6 and IFN-γ were tested by ELISA.

Andrographolide treatment in CHIKV infected THP-1 cells significantly reduced IRE1α and downstream spliced XBP1 protein expression. Further, CHIKV induced apoptosis and viral protein expression was also reduced on andrographolide treatment. A comparative analysis of andrographolide verses VER-155008, confirmed that andrographolide surpasses the effects of VER-155008 in suppressing the CHIKV induced ER stress.

The study, therefore, confirms that andrographolide is a potential remedy for chikungunya infection and suppresses CHIKV induced ER stress and apoptosis.
The study, therefore, confirms that andrographolide is a potential remedy for chikungunya infection and suppresses CHIKV induced ER stress and apoptosis.
COVID-19, a pandemic respiratory contagious viral (SARS-CoV-2) disease associated with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Currently, there areno effective preventive or treatment strategies for COVID-19 and has been declared as a global health emergency by WHO. In silico molecular docking studies can be useful to predict the binding affinity between the phytocompound and the target protein and play a vital role in finding an inhibitor through structure-based drug design.

In this aspect, our objective was to screen essential flavonoids against possible protein targets such as SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein receptor binding domain (RBD-S) and host Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-2 protease domain (PD-ACE-2) using in silico molecular docking studies.

Approximately 49 flavonoids were identified, evaluated for their drug likeness based on Lipinski rule, bioactivity scores, antiviral and toxicity profiles using SwissADME, Molinspiration, PASS and GUSAR online tools. Dabrafenib price The flavonoids that passed Lipinski rule n be extended to confirm their therapeutic potential in COVID-19.
Integrin αV, encoded by ITGAV gene is one of the most studied protein subunits, closely associated with liver, pancreatic and stomach cancer progression and metastasis via regulation of angiogenesis. Occurrence of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in cancer-associated proteins is a key determinant for varied susceptibility of an individual towards cancer.

The study investigated the deleterious effects of these cancer-associated SNPs on the protein's structure, stability and cancer causing potential using an in silico approach. Numerous computational tools were employed that identified the most deleterious cancer-associated SNPs and those to get actively involved in post-translational modifications. Impact of these SNPs on the protein structure, function and stability was also examined. Conclusion and Future Scope A total 63 non-synonymous SNPs in ITGAV gene were observed to be associated in these three gastrointestinal cancers and among this 63, 19 were the most deleterious ones. The structural and functional importance of residues altered by most damaging SNPs was analyzed through evolutionary conservation and solvent accessibility.
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