Notes

Pregnancy and COVID-19 Outbreak Perception throughout Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study.
The addition of serum albumin to a cell-free system should be restricted to drugs having high protein binding (≥ 90%). Additionally, stability assessment of analytes should be considered to avoid dubious in vitro potency outcomes due to degraded material or active metabolite(s).PURPOSE Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) during the rapid eye movement (REM) stage of the sleep cycle is associated with intense hypoxemia and cardiovascular instability. We characterized OSA during REM sleep in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention. METHODS In this multicenter study, 204 patients who had undergone percutaneous coronary intervention in the prior 6 to 36 months were recruited for in-laboratory polysomnography. The primary measure was respiratory events during REM sleep. The patients were divided into 2 groups (1) OSA during REM sleep (≥ 15 events/h) and (2) absence of OSA during REM sleep ( less then  15 events/h). RESULTS Based on the overall apnea-hypopnea index ≥ 15, 148 patients (74.0%) had OSA. After excluding patients with failed polysomnography or REM sleep less then  30 min, 163 patients formed the cohort for this analysis. OSA during REM sleep was diagnosed in 132 patients (81%). Compared with the patients without OSA during REM sleep, those with OSA during REM sleep had a higher body mass index (p = 0.003) and systolic blood pressure (p = 0.041), and a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus (p = 0.029). Logistic regression analysis, including age, sex, diabetes mellitus, indication for percutaneous coronary intervention, and indication for multi-vessel percutaneous coronary intervention, showed that diabetes mellitus was the only independent predictor of OSA during REM sleep (odds ratio 2.83; 95% CI, 1.17 to 6.83; p = 0.021). CONCLUSION In patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention, there was a high prevalence of OSA during REM sleep. Diabetes mellitus was an independent predictor of OSA during REM sleep.BACKGROUND Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) and middle ear cholesteatoma (MEC) were classified as different diseases recently. Owing to the difference in pathogeneses, the pathogenic bacteria of the two diseases can be different. However, few studies have compared the two types of pathogenic bacteria. OBJECTIVE To analyze the main pathogenic bacteria and drug sensitivities in patients of Southwest China with CSOM and MEC and compare the difference of ear dryness rate between empirical and sensitive medication. METHODS According to the data of culture of ear discharge and postoperative pathological examination, the patients were divided into CSOM and MEC groups. A cohort study was carried out in 1087 hospitalized patients with CSOM and MEC in the Department of Otolaryngology head and neck surgery, West China Hospital from January 2015 to June 2019. RESULTS Pathogenic bacteria were detected in 467 of 726 cases of CSOM (64.46%) and in 190 of 361 cases of MEC (52.63%). Of the positive cases, 53.96% involve of Proteus to piperacillin tazobactam in the CSOM group was higher than that in the MEC group (= 8.881, P  less then  0.05). The dry ear rate of patients with sensitive drug was significantly higher than the patients with empirical drug (= 19.431, P  less then  0.001). CONCLUSION The detection rate of G+ bacteria in the CSOM group was higher than that in the MEC group. The detection rate of G- bacteria in the CSOM group was lower than that in the MEC group. The main pathogens in the two groups included S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, Proteus and coagulase negative Staphylococcus. The dry ear rate of patients who used sensitive drugs was significantly higher than the patients who used empirical drugs. Reducing the rate of empirical use of antibiotics as much as possible and selecting antibiotics reasonably were beneficial to the improvement of dry ear rate after surgery.BACKGROUND Using long-term survival data from the C9343 trial as a temporal reference point, this study aimed to determine radiation therapy (RT) treatment trends for older patients with early-stage breast cancer. The study also examined rates of adherence to adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET). METHODS The surveillance, epidemiology, and end results-medicare database was used to identify women with a diagnosis of breast cancer from 2007 through 2016. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/didox.html Bivariate associations were calculated to determine variable characteristics by time frame (group 1 2007-2012 vs. group 2 2013-2016). Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate the effect of group on the RT use and AET adherence. The temporal rates for both RT and AET adherence over time were plotted. RESULTS The final study cohort included 12,210 Medicare beneficiaries. Use of RT differed significantly between the groups, with a higher proportion omitting RT in the later period (25% of group 2 vs. 20% of group 1; p  less then  0.001). In both groups, after adjustment for covariates, the patients with RT omitted were statistically less likely to adhere to AET [group 1 odds ratio (OR), 0.74; p  less then  0.001 vs. group 2 OR, 0.66; p  less then  0.001]. CONCLUSION This study, 15 years after publication of the of the C9343 trial results, showed minimal change in practice, with most older women receiving RT. Importantly, AET adherence was significantly lower in the non-RT group. For women who meet the criteria to have adjuvant RT omitted, nonadherence to AET could result in undertreatment of their breast cancer, and RT should not be considered overtreatment.BACKGROUND Upper-limb lymphedema is a well-known complication of breast cancer and its treatment. This retrospective cohort study aims to determine what risk factors affect breast cancer-related lymphedema in patients with breast cancer. METHODS This retrospective study comprised patients diagnosed with breast cancer and who underwent surgery at Wakayama Medical University Hospital between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2018. Assessed factors using univariate and multivariate analyses were patient-related factors (age, gender, and BMI), breast cancer-related factors (tumor size, nodal status, histology, tumor location, and intrinsic subtype), and treatment-related factors (type of surgery, application, timing and regimen of chemotherapy, and application of radiotherapy). RESULTS This study included 1041 patients. BMI did not affect the onset of breast cancer-related lymphedema. There were only six sentinel lymph node biopsy cases in the breast cancer-related lymphedema group (6.6%). In cases of axillary lymph node dissection, adjuvant chemotherapy was marginally associated with increased risk of breast cancer-related lymphedema compared to no chemotherapy (HR 2.
My Website: https://www.selleckchem.com/products/didox.html