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A complete tumor resection that includes the adjacent peritoneum is important to prevent local recurrence.
Calciphylaxis is characterized by marked vascular calcification and painful skin ulcers, and it has a poor prognosis.

The patient was a 72-year-old male. He was referred for penile pain. He had a 4-year history of dialysis therapy under a diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy. Black and yellow necrosis was observed involving the entire glans, accompanying severe pain. Computed tomography revealed marked calcification involving the thoracoabdominal aorta to iliac arteries, the dorsal artery of the penis and the corpus cavernosum, leading to a diagnosis of calciphylaxis. Penile pain gradually exacerbated and partial penectomy was performed. After surgery, penile pain promptly subsided. Pathological examination confirmed marked calcification of the microvascular wall and narrowing of the lumen.

We reviewed 15 Japanese patients with calciphylaxis who had undergone penile surgery. Surgical treatment was considered to be effective at relieving penile pain, but the prognosis remained poor.
We reviewed 15 Japanese patients with calciphylaxis who had undergone penile surgery. Surgical treatment was considered to be effective at relieving penile pain, but the prognosis remained poor.
A retrocaval ureter is a rare congenital abnormality characterized by the persistence of the posterior subcardinal vein on the right, which causes the proximal ureter to deviate medially behind the inferior vena cava. selleck The presence of retrocaval ureter is usually found because of the development of progressive hydronephrosis, but many cases are clinically silent. In addition, an urothelial malignancy associated with retrocaval ureter is very rare.

Herein we report a very rare case of a 57-year-old male with retrocaval ureter and carcinoma in situ diagnosed by ureteroscopy. In spite of strong adhesion in the area of the ureter behind the inferior vena cava, dissection was successfully managed by a laparoscopic procedure after cutting the ureter and separating it into two segments.

Early histopathological diagnosis and radical laparoscopic surgery based on the results of ureteroscopy may lead to a good outcome, even in retrocaval ureter cases with a carcinoma in situ.
Early histopathological diagnosis and radical laparoscopic surgery based on the results of ureteroscopy may lead to a good outcome, even in retrocaval ureter cases with a carcinoma in situ.
Undifferentiated prostate cancer is a rare and aggressive disease, and no definitive therapeutic strategy for metastatic undifferentiated prostate cancer has been established.

We report the case of a 70-year-old man with undifferentiated prostate cancer and lymph node metastases. Following the patient's progression after platinum-based chemotherapy, we initiated treatment with docetaxel, which resulted in a partial response. The patient was alive for 42months after initiation of docetaxel, maintaining relatively good quality of life with minimal hospital stay.

Docetaxel may be a good therapeutic option for metastatic undifferentiated prostate cancer.
Docetaxel may be a good therapeutic option for metastatic undifferentiated prostate cancer.
Secondary bladder, colon, and rectal cancers are relatively common after prostate radiotherapy. However, secondary squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate is rare.

An 85-year-old man presented with dysuria and low-serum prostate-specific antigen levels. His medical history included localized prostate adenocarcinoma (Gleason score of 4+5) treated with combined three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy, 11years ago. Urethroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging showed a bulging mass around the prostatic urethra. Transurethral resection of the prostate performed for histopathological diagnosis revealed squamous cell carcinoma.

Hereby, a rare case of secondary squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate after radiotherapy for adenocarcinoma was reported, which was found after 11years of radiotherapy with symptom of dysuria including urinary hesitancy, difficulty, pain during urination, and low-serum prostate-specific antigen levels.
Hereby, a rare case of secondary squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate after radiotherapy for adenocarcinoma was reported, which was found after 11 years of radiotherapy with symptom of dysuria including urinary hesitancy, difficulty, pain during urination, and low-serum prostate-specific antigen levels.Graphdiyne, atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) carbon nanostructure based on sp-sp2 hybridization is an appealing system potentially showing outstanding mechanical and optoelectronic properties. Surface-catalyzed coupling of halogenated sp-carbon-based molecular precursors represents a promising bottom-up strategy to fabricate extended 2D carbon systems with engineered structure on metallic substrates. Here, we investigate the atomic-scale structure and electronic and vibrational properties of an extended graphdiyne-like sp-sp2 carbon nanonetwork grown on Au(111) by means of the on-surface synthesis. The formation of such a 2D nanonetwork at its different stages as a function of the annealing temperature after the deposition is monitored by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), Raman spectroscopy, and combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. High-resolution STM imaging and the high sensitivity of Raman spectroscopy to the bond nature provide a unique strategy to unravel the atomic-scale properties of sp-sp2 carbon nanostructures. We show that hybridization between the 2D carbon nanonetwork and the underlying substrate states strongly affects its electronic and vibrational properties, modifying substantially the density of states and the Raman spectrum compared to the free standing system. This opens the way to the modulation of the electronic properties with significant prospects in future applications as active nanomaterials for catalysis, photoconversion, and carbon-based nanoelectronics.Two experiments were conducted to determine effects of extrusion on energy and nutrient digestibility in soybean hulls. One source of soybean hulls was ground and divided into two batches. One batch was used without further processing, whereas the other batch was extruded. In Exp. 1, four diets were formulated to determine crude protein (CP) and amino acid (AA) digestibility in soybean hulls. A soybean meal-based diet in which soybean meal provided all the CP and AA was formulated. Two diets were formulated to contain 30% nonextruded or extruded soybean hulls and 18% soybean meal. An N-free diet that was used to determine the endogenous losses of CP and AA was also used. Eight growing barrows (initial body weight = 37.0 ± 3.9 kg) had a T-cannula installed in the distal ileum and were allotted to a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design. Each experimental period lasted 7 d with the initial 5 d being the adaptation period and ileal digesta were collected for 8 h on day 6 and 7. Results indicated that extrusion of soybean hulls did not change the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of CP and most AA with the exception that the SID of Ile and Leu tended (P less then 0.
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