Notes

Naringenin takes away paraquat-induced dopaminergic neuronal decrease of SH-SY5Y cellular material and a rat model of Parkinson's illness.
Unintended teen pregnancy continues to be a problem in the United States which has the highest rate of adolescent pregnancy among developed nations. Long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) has much higher continuation rates compared with moderately effective reversible contraception; however, moderately effective reversible contraception is more commonly used by adolescents. Selleck Tenalisib The American Academy of Pediatrics and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommend LARC as first-line contraception for adolescents. Clinicians providing contraception to adolescents should be knowledgeable of LARC indications, side effects, initiation guidelines, management of adverse reactions, and adolescent specific issues regarding LARC counseling, initiation, and continuation.Congenital gynecologic anomalies result from interruption of embryologic development of the female reproductive tract. The anomalies may be hymenal, vaginal, cervical, or uterine. The impact of these anomalies is variable some are asymptomatic, incidental findings that require no intervention, others require simple surgical management, while some complex anomalies may require a multidisciplinary approach with extensive surgical expertise for optimal outcomes. Uterovaginal anomalies may occur in isolation or in association with other malformations, such as renal anomalies. The origin, presentation, evaluation and treatment of these conditions are reviewed here.Background Empiric combination antimicrobial therapy is often used in patients with decompensating septic shock. However, the optimal duration of combination therapy is unknown. Study question The goal of this study was to compare the clinical effects of a single dose of an aminoglycoside to an extended duration of aminoglycosides for combination therapy in patients with septic shock without renal dysfunction. Study design Retrospective, single-center evaluation of patients with septic shock who received empiric combination therapy with an aminoglycoside. Measures and outcomes Two patient cohorts were evaluated those who received a single dose of an aminoglycoside and those who received more than 1 dose of an aminoglycoside. The primary outcome was shock-free days at day 14. Secondary outcomes included mortality, length of stay, clinical cure, and nephrotoxicity. A post hoc subgroup analysis including only patients who received more than 2 doses of an aminoglycoside compared with a single dose was conducted. Results One hundred fifty-one patients were included in this evaluation, 94 in the single-dose aminoglycoside group and 57 in the extended duration group. There was no difference in shock-free days at day 14 between patients who received a single dose of an aminoglycoside or those who received an extended duration (12.0 vs. 11.6 days; P = 0.56). There were no differences in mortality, length of stay, clinical cure rates, or rates of nephrotoxicity between groups (28% for single dose vs. 26% for extended duration; P = 0.86). No differences in outcomes were detected when evaluating patients who received more than 2 doses of an aminoglycoside compared with a single dose. Conclusions Patients with septic shock and normal renal function who received a single dose of an aminoglycoside for combination antimicrobial therapy had no differences detected in shock duration or nephrotoxicity development compared with those who received an extended duration of aminoglycoside combination therapy.Aim/objectives/background The American College of Radiology (ACR) and the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) have jointly developed the following practice parameter for image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT). IGRT is radiation therapy that employs imaging to maximize accuracy and precision throughout the entire process of treatment delivery with the goal of optimizing accuracy and reliability of radiation therapy to the target, while minimizing dose to normal tissues. Methods The ACR-ASTRO Practice Parameter for IGRT was revised according to the process described on the ACR website ("The Process for Developing ACR Practice Parameters and Technical Standards," www.acr.org/ClinicalResources/Practice-Parametersand-Technical-Standards) by the Committee on Practice Parameters of the ACR Commission on Radiation Oncology in collaboration with the ASTRO. Both societies then reviewed and approved the document. Results This practice parameter is developed to serve as a tool in the appropriate application of IGRT in the care of patients with conditions where radiation therapy is indicated. It addresses clinical implementation of IGRT including personnel qualifications, quality assurance standards, indications, and suggested documentation. Conclusions This practice parameter is a tool to guide clinical use of IGRT and does not make recommendations on site-specific IGRT directives. It focuses on the best practices and principles to consider when using IGRT effectively, especially with the significant increase in imaging data that is now available with IGRT. The clinical benefit and medical necessity of the imaging modality and frequency of IGRT should be assessed for each patient.Pathology has benefited from advanced innovation with novel technology to implement a digital solution. Whole slide imaging is a disruptive technology where glass slides are scanned to produce digital images. There have been significant advances in whole slide scanning hardware and software that have allowed for ready access of whole slide images. The digital images, or whole slide images, can be viewed comparable to glass slides in a microscope, as digital files. Whole slide imaging has increased in adoption among pathologists, pathology departments, and scientists for clinical, educational, and research initiatives. Worldwide usage of whole slide imaging has grown significantly. Pathology regulatory organizations (ie, College of American Pathologists) have put forth guidelines for clinical validation, and the US Food and Drug Administration have also approved whole slide imaging for primary diagnosis. This article will review the digital pathology ecosystem and discuss clinical and nonclinical applications of its use.
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