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Knockdown of Tmem234 throughout zebrafish leads to proteinuria.
The aim of the study was to investigate the pulmonary haemodynamic response to exercise in Central Asian high- and lowlanders. This was a cross-sectional study in Central Asian highlanders (living >2500 m) compared with lowlanders (living less then 800 m), assessing cardiac function, including tricuspid regurgitation pressure gradient (TRPG), cardiac index and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) by echocardiography combined with heart rate and oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry (S pO2 ) during submaximal stepwise cycle exercise (10 W increase per 3 min) at their altitude of residence (at 760 m or 3250 m, respectively). 52 highlanders (26 females; aged 47.9±10.7 years; body mass index (BMI) 26.7±4.6 kg·m-2; heart rate 75±11 beats·min-1; S pO2 91±5%;) and 22 lowlanders (eight females; age 42.3±8.0 years; BMI 26.9±4.1 kg·m-2; heart rate 68±7 beats·min-1; S pO2 96±1%) were studied. Highlanders had a lower resting S pO2 compared to lowlanders but change during exercise was similar between groups (highlanders versus lowlanders -1.4±2.9% versus -0.4±1.1%, respectively, p=0.133). Highlanders had a significantly elevated TRPG and exercise-induced increase was significantly higher (13.6±10.5 mmHg versus 6.1±4.8 mmHg, difference 7.5 (2.8 to 12.2) mmHg; p=0.002), whereas cardiac index increase was slightly lower in highlanders (2.02±0.89 L·min-1 versus 1.78±0.61 L·min-1, difference 0.24 (-0.13 to 0.61) L·min-1; p=0.206) resulting in a significantly steeper pressure-flow ratio (ΔTRPG/Δcardiac index) in highlanders 9.4±11.4 WU and lowlanders 3.0±2.4 WU (difference 6.4 (1.4 to 11.3) WU; p=0.012). Right ventricular-arterial coupling (TAPSE/TRPG) was significantly lower in highlanders but no significant difference in change with exercise in between groups was detected (-0.01 (-0.20 to 0.18); p=0.901). In highlanders, chronic exposure to hypoxia leads to higher pulmonary artery pressure and a steeper pressure-flow relation during exercise.Confocal laser endomicroscopy imaging of lepidic adenocarcinomas is feasible. This technique should be further evaluated as a realtime guiding tool during virtual electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy for ground-glass opacities https//bit.ly/3uzTcMU.
South Africa has undergone major economic and health system changes, impacting the epidemiology of childhood asthma. This study aimed to investigate prevalence time trends of asthma in South African adolescents over two decades and to identify associated risk factors.

A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2017, in a randomised sample of 13-14-year-old Cape Town adolescents, using the standardised Global Asthma Network written, video and environmental questionnaires. Using time-trend analysis, the prevalence and severity of asthma were compared with data from the 2002 ISAAC phase III study. Environmental and social risk factors were analysed.

A total of 3979 adolescents were included. The prevalence of lifetime and current asthma were 34.5% and 21.3%, respectively, on the self-report written questionnaire, similar to 2002 results. The prevalence of severe asthma in the previous 12 months increased, measured by wheeze limiting speech (7.8% to 11.8%), four or more attacks of wheezing (5.0% to 5.8%) or woken by wheeze on one or more nights per week (5.0% to 6.9%). The video questionnaire revealed increases in lifetime (16.9% to 22.5%), current (11.2% to 18.7%) and severe asthma (12.1% to 14.8%). Multivariate analysis showed associations between current asthma and smoking, female sex, pet exposure and higher socioeconomic status. Severe asthma was associated with smoking, pet exposure, outdoor pollution exposure and informal housing; 33% of those with severe or current asthma had been diagnosed.

The prevalence of asthma is high, with increasing rates of severe asthma in adolescents. Underdiagnosis is a major concern and reduction in exposure to environmental factors, particularly smoking, and improved socioeconomic development are needed.
The prevalence of asthma is high, with increasing rates of severe asthma in adolescents. Underdiagnosis is a major concern and reduction in exposure to environmental factors, particularly smoking, and improved socioeconomic development are needed.In recent decades, seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) prevalence has increased and recent studies have shown that air pollutants, such as diesel exhaust particles (DEP), can increase inflammatory and allergic biomarkers. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of DEP on SAR symptoms induced by ragweed and to evaluate the efficacy and safety of fexofenadine HCl 180 mg versus placebo. This phase 3, single-centre, sequential, parallel-group, double-blind, randomised study (NCT03664882) was conducted in an environmental exposure unit (EEU) during sequential exposures Period 1 (ragweed pollen alone), Period 2 (ragweed pollen+DEP), and Period 3 (ragweed pollen+DEP+single-dose fexofenadine HCl 180 mg or placebo). Efficacy and safety were evaluated in Period 3. Primary endpoints were the area under the curve (AUC) of total nasal symptom score (TNSS) from baseline to hour 12 (AUC0-12) during Period 1 and Period 2; and the AUC of the TNSS from hour 2 to 12 (AUC2-12) during Period 3. 251 out of 257 evaluable subjects were included in the modified intent-to-treat population. Least squares mean difference (95% CI) for TNSS Log AUC0-12 in Period 2 versus Period 1 was 0.13 (0.081-0.182; p less then 0.0001). selleck chemicals Least squares mean difference in TNSS Log AUC2-12 for fexofenadine HCl versus placebo during Period 3 was -0.24 (-0.425--0.047; p=0.0148). One fexofenadine HCl-related adverse event was observed. SAR symptoms evoked by ragweed were aggravated by DEP. Fexofenadine HCl 180 mg was effective in relieving pollen-induced, air pollution-aggravated allergic rhinitis symptoms.Pneumatocoele is a very rare complication of Zephyr EBV, probably due to chest tube insertion and suction of a trapped and emphysematous lung. Complete healing and functional improvements are possible without the need for valve removal. https//bit.ly/2K84Vjl.
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