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Affect regarding Arterial Redecorating involving Intermediate Coronary Lesions in Long-Term Scientific Outcomes inside Patients using Secure Coronary Artery Disease: A good Intravascular Sonography Examine.
Recurrent stroke patients more often suffered from hypertension (70.7% versus 57.8%, P=0.002), diabetes (35.3% versus 24.8%, P=0.005), and coronary heart disease (10.2% versus 5.1%, P=0.011), and were less likely to be smokers (44.3% versus 56.1%, P=0.005) and consume alcohol (38.3% versus 52.0%, P=0.001). Recurrent strokes were more frequently caused by LAA (42.1% versus 52.5%, P=0.026) and less often by small-vessel disease (40.9% versus 29.9%, P=0.008). Conclusions LAA is the most common etiology in Chinese young stroke patients, especially in those with recurrent stroke. Our data highlight the need of screening of LAA and prevention and management of conventional stroke risk factors in young people of China. 2020 Annals of Translational Medicine. All rights reserved.Background Anemia is highly prevalent in patients with low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). However, the combined effect of anemia and low eGFR on the prognosis of stroke has not been well studied. Methods Data of patients with acute ischemic stroke in the prospective cohort study of China National Stroke Registry was reviewed. According to the levels of eGFR and hemoglobin, patients were categorized into four groups low eGFR ( less then 60 mL/min per 1.73 m2) or normal eGFR (≥60 mL/min per 1.73 m2) with or without anemia. Multivariate logistic regression methods were used to analyze the association between eGFR with or without anemia and outcomes after stroke [the poor functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale, mRS 3-6), mortality and stroke recurrence] at 3 months and 1 year. Results This study included 8,303 stroke patients. After adjusting for the confounding factors, low eGFR with normal hemoglobin increased the risk of mortality at 1 year of follow-up [odds ratio (OR) =1.50; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.14-1.97]. Anemia with normal eGFR was not associated with any poor outcome at 1-year of follow-up. In patients with both low eGFR and anemia, there was an increased risk of 1-year poor functional outcome (OR 1.73; 95% CI, 1.30-2.29), mortality (OR 2.64; 95% CI, 1.94-3.59) and stroke recurrence (OR 1.42; 95% CI, 1.06-1.91). Combined and interactive effects of the pattern of low eGFR and anemia on the poor functional outcome (P for interaction =0.02) and all-cause mortality (P for interaction =0.046) were observed. Conclusions Ischemic stroke patients with concurrent low eGFR and anemia increased risks of poor functional outcome, mortality and stroke recurrence after 1-year follow-up. 2020 Annals of Translational Medicine. All rights reserved.This study aimed to assess the pharmacokinetics of cyclosporine A (CsA) in Asian children with renal impairment (RI) by developing a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model with Simcyp Simulator. The PBPK model of Asian children with RI was developed by modifying the physiological parameters of the built-in population libraries in Simcyp Simulator. The ratio of healthy and RI populations was obtained for each parameter showing a difference between the populations. Each ratio was multiplied by the corresponding parameter in healthy Asian children. The model verification was performed with published data of Korean children with kidney disease given multiple CsA administrations. Simulations were performed with different combinations of ethnicity, age, and renal function to identify the net impact of each factor. The simulated results suggested that the effect of RI was higher in children than adults for both Caucasian and Asian. In conclusion, the constructed model adequately characterized CsA pharmacokinetics in Korean children with RI. Simulations with populations categorized by ethnicity, age, and renal function enabled to assess the net impact of each factor on specific populations. Copyright © 2019 Translational and Clinical Pharmacology.A sensitive and simple liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of ticagrelor and its active metabolite, AR-C124910XX from 50 µL human plasma using tolbutamide as an internal standard as per regulatory guidelines. Analytes in plasma were extracted by simple protein precipitation using acetonitrile, followed by chromatographic separation with an Acclaim™ RSLC 120 C18 column (2.2 µm, 2.1 × 100 mm) and a gradient acetonitrile-water mobile phase containing 0.1% formic acid within 8 min. Mass spectrometric detection and quantitation were conducted by selected reaction-monitoring on a negative electrospray ionization mode with the following transitions m/z 521.11 → 361.10, 477.03 → 361.10, and 269.00 → 169.60 for ticagrelor, AR-C124910XX, and tolbutamide, respectively. The lower limit of quantifications was 0.2 ng/mL with linear ranges of 0.2-2,500 ng/mL (r2 ≥ 0.9949) for both analytes. All validation data, including selectivity, cross-talk, precision, accuracy, matrix effect, recovery, dilution integrity, stability, and incurred sample reanalysis, were well within acceptable limits. This assay method was validated using K2-EDTA as the specific anticoagulant. Also, the anticoagulant effect was tested by lithium heparin, sodium heparin, and K3-EDTA. No relevant anticoagulant effect was observed. This validated method was effectively used in the determination of ticagrelor and its active metabolite, AR-C124910XX, in plasma samples from patients with myocardial infarction. Copyright © 2019 Translational and Clinical Pharmacology.This study aimed to investigate the cognition-enhancing effect of Panax ginseng. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted to address the cognition-enhancing effects of Panax ginseng. A total of 90 Korean volunteers with mild cognitive impairment participated in this study. All subjects were allocated randomly into 'Ginseng' group or 'Placebo' group. Vorinostat chemical structure All subjects were administered 3g of Panax ginseng powder or starch (placebo) for 6 months. The Korean version of the Mini-Mental Status Examination (K-MMSE), Korean version of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (K-IADL), and Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery (SNSB) were used to assess the changes in cognitive function at the end of the 6 month study period. The subjects of the 'Ginseng' group improved significantly on the Rey Complex Figure Test (RCFT) immediate recall (P = 0.0405 and P = 0.0342 in per-protocol (PP) and intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, respectively) and on the RCFT 20-min delayed recall (P = 0.0396 and P = 0.
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