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Ethical overview of COVID-19 investigation within the Holland; a mixed-method assessment amongst medical research honesty committees and private investigators.
We also developed three decision trees, random forest, and logistic regression multiclass classifiers for data classification where the random forest classifier showed better performance in classification than the other two classifiers. The results show previous results in performance metrics of the classification model and a significant decrease in pipeline runtime by using more class labels compared to previous studies.Magnetic resonance imaging has significant applications for disease diagnosis. Due to the particularity of its imaging mechanism, hardware imaging suffers from resolution and reaches its limit, and higher radiation intensity and longer radiation time will cause damage to the human body. The problem is expected to be solved by a superresolution algorithm, especially the image superresolution based on sparse reconstruction has good performance. Dictionary generation is a key issue that affects the performance of superresolution algorithms, and dictionary performance is affected by dictionary construction parameters balance parameters, dictionary size, overlapping block size, and a number of training sample blocks. In response to this problem, we propose an optimal dictionary construction parameter search method through the experiment to find the optimal dictionary construction parameters on the MR image and compare them with the dictionary obtained by multiple sets of random dictionary construction parameters. The dictionary we searched for the optimal parameters of the dictionary construction training has more powerful feature expressions, which can improve the superresolution effect of MR images.Follicular lymphoma (FL) is one of the most common types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The gastrointestinal tract is the most involved extra-nodal site of NHL. Primary duodenal FL (DFL) is a rare entity with only a few reported cases. It mainly involves the second part of the duodenum and has an excellent prognosis. We report the case of a 74-year-old man who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Endoscopic findings revealed multiple small whitish mucosal nodules which were detected around the major duodenal papilla. Biopsy of these lesions was compatible with grade I FL. Further investigation failed to demonstrate any evidence of nodal or systemic involvement; thus, the clinical staging was stage I, according to the Lugano staging system. A "watch and wait" policy was chosen. Neither lesion aggregation nor lymphadenopathy was noted during the 5-year follow-up period. In conclusion, this was an uncommon case of DFL with an indolent nature and excellent prognosis. However, further studies are needed to clarify the characteristics, prognosis, and therapeutic approach.Herein we describe a rare case of a 59-year-old male who was diagnosed with giant hyperplastic polyps after referring with symptoms of abdominal pain and vomiting, and associated red-flag symptoms of unintentional weight loss and early satiety.Dysphagia is a symptom with a broad differential diagnosis. Usually, the etiology of dysphagia is benign, but it is essential to rule out serious causes. It is also critical to think outside the box when the etiology is not obvious. Herein, we describe a case of multiple myeloma that initially presented with dysphagia. An 81-year-old male patient presented with dysphagia to solid food associated with anorexia and weight loss of 22 kg over the last 6 months. The patient looked chronically ill and cachectic. Upper endoscopy showed patchy erythema in the gastric antrum. Gastric biopsy was consistent with gastric amyloidosis. see more Although serum and urine protein electrophoresis did not show a monoclonal (M) band, immunofixation did show elevated free kappa light chains and elevated free Kappa/Lambda ratio. Bone marrow biopsy was consistent with multiple myeloma. Although gastrointestinal involvement is common in amyloidosis, it is unusual for amyloidosis to initially present in the gastrointestinal tract. Identification and treatment of the underlying condition, e.g., multiple myeloma, can lead to regression of gastrointestinal amyloidosis.The incidence of intestinal volvulus as a cause of abdominal pain is rare in adults and normally presents during infancy. Approximately 90% of patients with volvulus are diagnosed within the first year of life, 80% of whom are diagnosed within the first month of life. The current case was a 34-year-old pregnant woman who was admitted to the hospital due to self-limited episodes of epigastric pain from a young age. The patient complained that the pains had recently worsened. Further clinical investigation led us to invasive intervention due to signs of obstruction, and the patient was transferred to the operating room. The case represents a rare incidence of intestinal volvulus in an adult and its complications through pregnancy.
This study was designed to investigate the prevalence of
, its toxin-producing genes, and antibiotic resistance patterns in diarrheal samples from hospitalized patients in Hamadan, Iran.

Today, concerns over
infection (CDI) have significantly increased due to reduced susceptibility to antibiotics used for CDI treatment. Toxins produced by
strains are associated with disease severity and outcome.

In this cross-sectional study, a total of 130 diarrheal samples of patients admitted to different wards of three hospitals in Hamadan from November 2018 to September 2019 were collected.
isolates were identified by culture on CCFA and PCR (Polymerase chain reaction). The presence of toxin-encoding genes (
and
) and binary toxin genes (
and
) was analyzed by PCR. Resistance of the isolates to metronidazole, vancomycin and clindamycin antibiotics was determined using agar dilution method.

Out of 130 diarrheal samples from hospitalized patients, 16 (12.3%)
isolates were obtained. PCR resultsarrheal specimens of hospitalized patients. Resistance to conventional antibiotic therapy against C. difficile should be considered as a warning to prevent irrational administration of antibiotics.
The current study aimed to investigate the risk factors, endoscopic findings, and treatments of upper gastrointestinal bezoars.

Bezoars are compact masses formed by the accumulation of dietary fiber, undigested food, hair, or medications. The majority of bezoars are asymptomatic, but they may cause serious symptoms or even life-threatening events such as bleeding, obstruction, or perforation.

This retrospective study was conducted in three gastroenterology clinics between January 2016 and December 2019. Bezoars were detected in 109 of 15,830 endoscopy records (0.68%).

A total of 103 patients (52.4% male) were enrolled in this study. Mean patient age was 60.5±11.3 years. The most frequent risk factors were history of gastric surgery (25.2%), diabetes mellitus (21.3%), hypothyroidism (15.5%), trichophagia (5.8%), and anxiety disorders (2.9%), respectively. The most common endoscopic findings were peptic ulcers (34.9%), erosive gastritis/duodenitis (12.6%), and reflux esophagitis (10.6%). While bezoars were most commonly observed in the stomach (84.
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