Notes

Invert Epidemiology of Traditional Aerobic Risk Factors in the Geriatric Human population.
Ambulatory care pharmacists can enhance economic and clinical outcomes as part of interdisciplinary health care teams. Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) often have complex medication regimens, potentially resulting in dosing errors and drug interactions.

To demonstrate the impact that clinic-based pharmacists may have in populations comprising ambulatory patients with CKD.

Community-owned, not-for-profit health system with outpatient, primary, and specialty care clinics.

This quality-assurance, cohort, interventional study included patients aged at least 18 years with a CKD- or end-stage renal disease-associated diagnosis code seen by a clinic primary care provider at least once between January and June 2019. Primary outcomes included the number of medications requiring pharmacist intervention, pharmacist-initiated recommendations, and associated outcomes.

Patients were randomly assigned to 2 cohorts. Providers of patients in the proactive pharmacist intervention group were notified of phardentification and resolution of medication-dosing errors and improved collaboration between providers and pharmacists.
Pharmacist-initiated recommendations resulted in the identification and resolution of medication-dosing errors and improved collaboration between providers and pharmacists.
Drug take-back programs (TBPs) provide the opportunity to safely dispose of unused or expired medications (UEMs), potentially reducing the risk of environmental harm andmorbidity. Data on patient perceptions and participation are limited, especially in underserved Asian populations.

This study aimed to evaluate medication disposal perceptions and behaviors through a free mail-in medication disposal program among patients in a Chinatown community pharmacy.

An institutional review board-approved Web-based survey was developed in English and Mandarin. Student pharmacists tabled at a Chinatown community pharmacy in Boston, Massachusetts. The patients were educated about safe medication disposal practices and invited to take the anonymous survey assessing medication disposal needs, practices, and beliefs accessed in person by using a quick response code. On survey completion, the patients were offered a disposal envelope. Envelope tracking numbers were used to evaluate medication disposal over a 9-month folluse.
Patient education about TBPs and their importance may be effective in increasing TBP awareness in a population with low TBP use. Free disposal envelopes did not seem to be highly used within 9 months of receipt despite interest and access to UEMs. Future research should continue offering programs at no charge, evaluating barriers to free TBP use, and implementing follow-up procedures to increase envelope use.
It is estimated that on any given night in the United States, more than half a million individuals experience homelessness. Within the homeless population, chronic conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, and human immunodeficiency virus are found at rates 3-6 times higher than in the general population. Despite this, access to appropriate treatment and preventive care remains difficult for those experiencing homelessness, and many barriers exist to achieving positive health outcomes.

The primary objective of this study was to determine the clinical impact and sustainability of implementing clinical pharmacy services in a clinic for adults experiencing homelessness.

As a pilot service, a postgraduate year 2 ambulatory care pharmacy resident attended the Pedigo clinic for adults experiencing homelessness 1 half-day per week to provide independent cardiovascular risk reduction (CVRR) disease state management under a collaborative practice agreement.

The existing CVRR model was applied at a clinic locto this vulnerable population.
The addition of a clinical pharmacist to the interdisciplinary care team for patients experiencing homelessness addresses a health care disparity and enhances the care provided to this vulnerable population.As the United States' population continues to grow in its diversity, health care providers, including pharmacists, need to be able to provide culturally competent care to their patients. Cultural competence allows patients to feel comfortable with their provider and leads to their continuing to seek out care. Mental health is one of the most underused services in health care, particularly in underrepresented minority communities. This review looks at different published literature that assessed the reasons why individuals from minority communities may avoid seeking mental health care, cultural competence in psychiatric care for underrepresented minority communities, strategies for implementation for training providers in cultural competency, and barriers to implementation in mental health services. Current ideas include providing cultural competency training to students in their respective professional school or residency, incorporating the cultural formulation interview into psychiatric sessions, or increasing minority representation in the psychiatric services. On the basis of the literature examined, research is still needed to identify the best approach to improve culturally competent care in psychiatric services in the United States.Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes coronavirus 19 (COVID-19), has resulted in a worldwide pandemic and currently represents a major public health issue. UPF1069 Among the considerations for patients with respiratory disease is the optimal delivery of inhaled bronchodilators to maximize patient care. Despite the lack of evidence, there is heightened concern about the potential risk for transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in the form of aerosolized respiratory droplets during the nebulized treatment of patients with COVID-19. In this commentary, the lack of evidence regarding nebulization and transmission of coronaviruses are discussed.
Inadequate pain treatment during intensive care unit stays causes many unfavorable outcomes. Pain assessment in mechanically ventilated patients is challenging because most cannot self-report pain. The incidence of pain among Thai surgical intensive care unit (SICU) patients has never been reported.

To determine the inadequate pain control incidence among ventilated, critically ill, surgical patients.

Prospective, observational study.

SICU of a university-based hospital during November 2017-January 2019.

Patients aged > 18 years, admitted to the SICU for a foreseeable duration of mechanical ventilation > 24 hours were included.

On post-admission Day 2, each was assessed for pain at rest (every 4 hours) and during bed-bathing using the Critical Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT; Thai version) or the 0-10 numeric rating scale (NRS). CPOT scores > 2 or NRS scores > 3 signified inadequate pain control, while a RASS score ≤ -3 was defined as overtreatment.

118 were included. The inadequate-pain-management incidence was 34% (n = 40) at rest and 29% (n = 34) during bed-bathing.
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