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Appearing cell and also molecular friendships relating to the bronchi microbiota along with lungs conditions.
European hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is the major species of interest for nutritional uses within the Betulaceae family and its nuts are widely used throughout the world in the chocolate, confectionery and bakery industries. Recently his cultivation has been expanded in traditional producer countries as well as established in new places in the Southern Hemisphere, including Chile, South Africa and Australia. Introducing hazelnut in new environments could reduce its productivity, lead the trees to eco-physiological disorders and exposes the crop to high pressure of common and new pests and diseases. Thus, new approaches in cultivar choice guidance, in the sustainable orchard management and even in nuts storage and kernel quality evaluation are highly required for improving the hazelnut producing and processing chain. The main objective of this study was to systematize the published information regarding the recent findings of the cultural operations that directly influence the nut and kernel quality, support the varietal choice for new plantations and list the recent advances in nut storage and in its quality and safety evaluation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.The Southern Karaman sheep, which is very fertile in terms of meat and milk production and is often preferred in livestock raising, is known as a domestic sheep breed. The Hasak sheep is a breed formed by the triple crossbreeding of the German Black-headed, Hampshire and Akkaraman breeds. Arterial feeding of the forelimb is provided by arteria axillaris, a continuation of arteria subclavia. In this study, it was aimed to examine the forelimb arteries in Southern Karaman and Hasak sheep breeds. Totally 8 Southern Karaman and 8 Hasak sheep were obtained from Konya Bahri Dagdas International Agricultural Institute. The sheep were anesthetized with xylazine and ketamine and extravasated by cutting the arteria carotis communis in the neck area of the sheep. The forelimbs of the sheep separated from the body were fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution and then dissections were made and the course and branching of the arteries were examined. It was determined that the arteria brachialis was divided into two main branches as distal arteria brachialis and proximal arteria subscapularis at the articulatio humeri level of the arteria axillary. Arteria mediana, which is a continuation of arteria brachiais, was also examined in different parts of antebrachium and ended by splitting into branches. According to the findings of the Southern Karaman and Hasak sheep breeds, it was determined that the forelimb arteries had some anatomical differences but were similar in structure to many sheep breeds.The following study aimed to evaluate the dimensions (anteroposterior, transverse and vertical) of the sphenoid sinuses in the adult population. Materials and methods The study was conducted as a retrospective analysis of the computed tomography (CT) scans of the paranasal sinuses of 296 patients (147 females and 149 males), who did not present any pathology in the sphenoid sinuses. The CT scans of the paranasal sinuses were done with the spiral CT scanner, without using any contrast medium. After obtaining transverse planes, frontal and sagittal planes were created using secondary reconstruction tool. Results The anteroposterior (a-p) dimension was found to be 2.65 cm on average, in the range of 0.5-4.3 cm. The transverse dimension was on average 1.98 cm, ranging from 0.5 cm to 4.9 cm. The average vertical dimension was found to be 2.1 cm, in the range of 0.7-3.7 cm. check details Conclusions Due to the high incidence of the anatomical variants of the paranasal sinuses, aCT scan is recommended in all patients before a planned surgery in order to avoid the potential iatrogenic complications. Dimensions of the sphenoid sinuses might point towards more at risk variants, but there is still a substantial amount of research that needs to be done in that aspect.Background The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of Coriandrum sativum extract on liver ischemia reperfusion injury at light microscopic and biochemical levels. Material and methods Sham, ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI), IRI+Coriandrum sativum extract and only Coriandrum sativum extract groups were formed. Sixty minutes of ischemia and 60 minutes of reperfusion were performed. In the treatment group, 300 mg/kg/day Coriandrum sativum was given by gavage. Hepatic tissues were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzymes were measured. Nuclear factor- kappa beta (NF-kappa B), Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and Caspase-3 (Cas-3) immunohistochemistry staining was performed. Microscopic scoring was performed in terms of sinusoidal congestion, vacuolization, and necrosis. Results Sinusoidal enlargement and diffuse congestion, Kupffer cell increase, neutrophil increase with Coriandrum sativum, Kupffer cells were not stained, while TNF-α, NF-kappa B and Cas-3 expressing hepatocytes were found to be decreased compared to the IRI group. When the expression values of the TNF-α, NF-kappa B and Cas-3 groups were evaluated statistically, it was seen that there was a significant decrease in the group treated with Coriandrum sativum. Conclusions It was found that Coriandrum sativum extract decreased proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α and apoptotic cell death and liver enzymes in liver ischemia reperfusion injury.Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the topographic anatomy of the tibial nerve and its medial calcaneal branches in relation to the tip of the medial malleolus and to the posterior superior tip of the calcaneal tuberosity using the ultrasound examination and to verify its preoperative usefulness in surgical treatment. Materials and methods Bilateral ultrasound examination was performed on 30 volunteers and the location of the tibial nerve bifurcation and medial calcaneal branches origin were measured. Medial calcaneal branches were analyzed in reference to the amount and their respective nerves of origin. Results In 77% cases tibial nerve bifurcation occurred below the tip of the medial malleolus with the average distance of 5.9 mm and in 48% cases above the attachment of the posterior superior tip of the calcaneal tuberosity with the average distance of 2.7 mm. In 73% cases medial calcaneal branches occurred as a single branch originating from the tibial nerve (60%). The average distance of the first, second and third medial calcaneal branch was accordingly 9.
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