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Molecular Identification in the Human Virus Amphimerus sp. in the Freshwater Snail Aroapyrgus sp. inside Ecuador.
Transfection of miR-205 mimic or inhibitor was performed to alter the levels of miR-205 in astrocytes followed by western blot to assess Kir4.1 channel levels in these cells. Astrocytes treated with miR-205 mimic had a 38.6% reduction of Kir4.1 protein levels compared to control (mock-transfected) cells. In contrast, astrocytes transfected with miR-205 inhibitor were significantly upregulated compared to mock by 47.4%. Taken together, our data indicate that miR-205 negatively regulates the expression of Kir4.1 in astrocytes grown in hyperglycemic conditions.BACKGROUND Anastomotic leakage remains a dreaded complication after colorectal surgery. Stem-cell-based therapies have been shown to increase angiogenesis and cell proliferation. OBJECTIVE To investigate the use of adipose-derived stem cells on the healing of ischemic colonic anastomoses in a rat model. DESIGN This is an animal research study using xenotransplantation. SETTINGS Male Wistar rats (300-400g, n=48) were purchased from a licensed breeder. PATIENTS Adipose stem cells were isolated from the subcutaneous fat of healthy human donors. INTERVENTIONS The rats underwent laparotomy with creation of an ischemic colorectal anastomosis created by ligation of mesenteric vessels. The animals were divided into three groups control group with an ischemic anastomosis, vehicle only group in which the ischemic anastomosis was treated with an absorbable gelatin sponge, and a treatment group in which the ischemic anastomosis was treated with an absorbable gelatin sponge plus adipose stem cells. Animals were sacrificed reducing the risk of anastomotic leakage in colorectal surgery. See Video Abstract at http//links.lww.com/DCR/B203.BACKGROUND Most hospitals in the United States are reimbursed for colectomy via a bundled payment based on the diagnosis-related group assigned. Enhanced recovery after surgery programs have been shown to improve the value of colorectal surgery, but little is known about the granular financial tradeoffs required at individual hospitals. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to analyze the index-hospitalization impact on specific cost centers associated with ERAS implementation for diagnosis-related groups commonly assigned to patients undergoing colon resections. DESIGN We performed a single institution retrospective, non-randomized, pre- (2013-2014) and post-intervention (2015-2017) analysis of hospital costs. SETTING Academic medical center. PATIENTS A total of 1,297 patients with diagnosis-related group 330 (colectomy with complications/comorbidities) and 331 (colectomy without complications/comorbidities). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was total index hospitalization cost. Secondary outcomes S The returns on investment at the hospital level for enhanced recovery after surgery implementations in colorectal surgery result largely from cost-savings associated with decreased nursing expenses. These savings likely offset increased spending on operating room supplies, anesthesia, and medications. See Video Abstract at http//links.lww.com/DCR/B204.BACKGROUND Intracorporeal anastomosis is associated with several short-term benefits. However, it is a technically challenging procedure with potential risks. OBJECTIVE To investigate differences in short-term complications and long-term incisional hernia rates after robotic right colectomy with intracorporeal versus extracorporeal anastomoses and standardized extraction sites. DESIGN Historical cohort study. SETTING Single surgeon, single institution. PATIENTS All patients undergoing robotic right colectomy with intracorporeal anastomosis and a Pfannenstiel extraction site or extracorporeal anastomosis with a vertical midline extraction site from 2013-2017 were eligible. Exclusion criteria were conversion to laparotomy for tumor-related reasons or lack of follow-up. Selleckchem GSK1265744 INTERVENTION Intracorporeal or extracorporeal anastomosis, based on availability of the robotic stapler and appropriate bedside assistance. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was incisional hernia, diagnosed either clinically or on postopeoreal anastomosis with a vertical midline extraction site. The intracorporeal approach was also associated with a decreased length of stay, but an increase in incisional surgical site infections. These findings have implications for healthcare utilization and patient-centered outcomes. See Video Abstract at http//links.lww.com/DCR/B147.BACKGROUND People living with HIV have high rates of anal human papillomavirus infection and anal precancer/cancer. OBJECTIVE (1) Determine human papillomavirus subtype distribution among people living with HIV with anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. (2) Compare clinicopathological characteristics of anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions patients by human papillomavirus 16 status. (3) Investigate high-risk human papillomavirus negative anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions cases. DESIGN In this retrospective study, 700 people living with HIV with biopsy-proven anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions were reviewed for demographics, cytological diagnoses, and human papillomavirus testing results for human papillomavirus 16, 18, and 12 other high-risk types. For human papillomavirus-negative subjects, corresponding biopsies were genotyped using real-time PCR. SETTINGS A large urban HIV clinic system and major referral center for anal cancer screening PATIENTS Median illomavirus types rather than individual types. CONCLUSIONS Nearly all people living with HIV and anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions test positive for high-risk human papillomavirus on anal swabs; negative results may be due to sampling error, L1-based PCR assay or human papillomavirus types not captured by standard clinical assays. Human papillomavirus 16-positive anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions patients are indistinguishable from others based on demographic and clinical characteristics, underscoring the potential role of human papillomavirus testing for anal cancer screening. See Video Abstract at http//links.lww.com/DCR/B208.BACKGROUND This is a secondary data analysis of an original study describing the lived experiences of Hispanic/Latinx nursing students as they acculturate into the profession of nursing. METHOD The original study described the experiences of 11 Hispanic/Latinx new graduates from three baccalaureate nursing programs in the southeastern United States. A secondary data analysis using a theoretical thematic analytical approach with data gathered in the original study was done to determine the utility of the theory of cultural marginality in understanding these student experiences. RESULTS Findings support aspects of the theory, including marginal living, cross-cultural conflict recognition, and adjustment responses of poise and integration. Personal and contextual influences also impact the acculturation process for these nursing students. CONCLUSION The theory of cultural marginality is valuable and provides important context for understanding the process that Hispanic/Latinx nursing students experience as they acculturate into nursing.
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