Notes

Existing Methods for Adding Responsible along with Ethical Conduct involving Research (RECR) Education and learning directly into Course-based Undergraduate Investigation Activities: A nationwide Examination.
To evaluate the visual and refractive outcomes, visual quality, patient satisfaction, and spectacle independence after phacoemulsification with bilateral implantation of a diffractive trifocal intraocular lens (IOL).

The study sample comprised 36 consecutive patients (72 eyes). Twenty-three (64%) patients underwent refractive lens exchange and 13 (36%) underwent cataract surgery. Exclusion criteria included previous ocular surgery, corneal higher order aberrations of greater than 0.4 µm, angle kappa of greater than 0.6 mm, and corneal astigmatism of greater than 5.00 diopters (D). All eyes were targeted for emmetropia. A toric IOL was used in 35 (48.6%%) eyes with corneal astigmatism of greater than 1.00 D. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) and distance-corrected visual acuity were measured at 4 m and 80 and 40 cm. Patients underwent routine ophthalmic examination for 6 months postoperatively. Patient satisfaction was assessed with a subjective questionnaire at 6 months postoperatively. A
valueact Surg. 2021;37(6)372-379.].
To identify the potential risk factors that increase the likelihood of requiring re-treatment following refractive surgery in patients with high astigmatism (3.00 diopters or greater).

This retrospective study included patients who underwent laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) or photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) between January 2005 and December 2019 at the Care-Vision Laser Centers, Tel-Aviv, Israel. Patients with high astigmatism (3.00 diopters or greater) were included and divided into two groups according to whether or not they underwent additional refractive surgery (re-treatment) during the study period.

Overall, 2,024 eyes (2,024 patients) were included in the final analysis of this study. In total, 3.1% of the eyes (n = 63) underwent re-treatment. Throughout the study period, there was a significant reduction in the 2-year annual re-treatment rates, with a decline from 7.0% for primary surgeries performed in 2005 to 0.0% for primary surgeries performed in 2017 (
=-0.65,
= .015). The re-treatment group had significantly older preoperative age. They were also more likely to be male and have preoperative against-the-rule astigmatism and preoperative mixed astigmatism. Binary logistic regression analysis demonstrated that preoperative age, male gender, mixed astigmatism, and earlier year of surgery were all associated with higher re-treatment rates.

The following factors are associated with higher rates of re-treatment in patients with high astigmatism older preoperative age, male gender, and mixed astigmatism. These factors may be incorporated into nomograms to reduce future re-treatment rates in this population.
.
The following factors are associated with higher rates of re-treatment in patients with high astigmatism older preoperative age, male gender, and mixed astigmatism. These factors may be incorporated into nomograms to reduce future re-treatment rates in this population. [J Refract Surg. 2021;37(6)366-371.].
To establish a method to determine central corneal thickness (CCT) and anterior chamber depth (ACD) of an air-puff-deformed cornea at the highest concavity (HC) state.

The Fink method for refractive correction of Scheimpflug images of a convex pre-deformed (PRE) cornea was implemented for 155 eyes of 155 participants imaged with the Corvis ST (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH). This method was subsequently modified for the HC state of deformation. The tracked edges of each participant's cornea were exported at the PRE and HC states. Ten participants who had a visible crystalline lens in the image were selected to determine ACD in both states. The center points on the corneal tracked edges and lens were used to determine uncorrected CCT and ACD, respectively.

Average undeformed CCTPRE was significantly lower than deformed CCT
(584 ± 31 and 626 ± 34 µm, respectively) (
< .0001). No significant difference was found for the corrected ACD between the two states. Corrected CCT and ACD were significantly greater than the corresponding uncorrected values for both deformation states (
< .0001). Percent change in CCT was found to be correlated to change in arc length at HC (
< .0001).

Distortion in Corvis ST images at the HC state can be corrected using a modified Fink method. CCT was found to increase in the HC state, compared to the PRE state. Gefitinib cell line The CCT change during deformation may be important in the study of the compressive response of the cornea.
.
Distortion in Corvis ST images at the HC state can be corrected using a modified Fink method. CCT was found to increase in the HC state, compared to the PRE state. The CCT change during deformation may be important in the study of the compressive response of the cornea. [J Refract Surg. 2021;37(6)422-428.].
To evaluate clinical outcomes 1 year after implantation of an extended depth of focus intraocular lens (IOL) in a large series of patients.

Outcomes of patients who underwent refractive lens exchange or cataract surgery with the implantation of the AT LARA 829MP IOL (Carl Zeiss Meditec AG) were retrospectively reviewed. The near (40 cm), intermediate (66 cm), and distance visual acuity, refractive outcomes, and cumulative rate of adverse events and secondary procedures were evaluated at 12 months postoperatively.

A total of 1,894 eyes of 977 patients were implanted with the AT LARA 829MP IOL, with 62.1% of eyes available for the 12-month visit. The overall secondary procedure rate for the whole cohort was NdYAG = 7.8%, laser vision correction = 7.5%, and IOL explantation = 0.63%. The reasons for IOL exchange were intraoperative complications (3 eyes/0.16%) and quality of vision issues (9 eyes/0.48%). Of all eyes available for the 12-month visit that did not undergo laser vision correction or an IOL exchange, 72.0% had monocular uncorrected distance visual acuity of 20/20 or better and the percentage of eyes with monocular uncorrected intermediate and near visual acuity of 20/50 or better was 96.2% and 81.0%, respectively. At 12 months postoperatively, 87.6% of eyes were within ±0.50 diopters of emmetropia. No change in refraction occurred between the 6- and 12-month postoperative visits.

The AT LARA 829MP extended depth of focus IOL is able to provide functional distance, intermediate, and near visual acuity. Complications related to the platform of the IOL were uncommon.
.
The AT LARA 829MP extended depth of focus IOL is able to provide functional distance, intermediate, and near visual acuity. Complications related to the platform of the IOL were uncommon. [J Refract Surg. 2021;37(6)380-388.].
Website: https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Gefitinib.html