Notes

Temporary reduction in the retinal microvascular system subsequent implantation surgery associated with implantable collamer contact lens: A good March angiography review.
Medical school learning communities benefit students. The College of Medicine (COM) at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS) provides medical students with academic, professional, and personal support through a learning community (LC) made of 7 academic houses.

To evaluate the effectiveness of the academic house model at UAMS utilizing a mixed-methods survey. The aims were to (1) assess student experience and satisfaction with academic houses, (2) describe the realms of advising and guidance, and (3) identify areas for improvement.

An online survey was assigned to 723 COM students (all students enrolled, first through fourth years) at UAMS in March 2019. The survey was comprised of 25 items (10 multiple-choice, 8 on the Likert scale, and 7 open-ended questions). CX-5461 Data was depicted using frequency and percentages and/or thematic review of free-form responses.

The survey response rate was 31% (227 students). The majority of students responding (132, 58.1%) attended 2 or more face-to-facehts areas for improvement which are widely generalizable and important to consider for institutions with or planning to start an LC.Background. Multiple studies have shown that digitally mediated decision aids help prepare patients for medical decision making with their providers. However, few studies have investigated whether decision-support preferences differ between non-English-speaking and English-speaking Latino men with limited literacy. Objective. To identify and compare health information seeking patterns, preferences for information presentation, and interest in digital decision aids in a sample of Southern Californian underserved Latino men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer at a county hospital. Methods. We conducted semistructured, in-depth telephone interviews with 12 Spanish-speaking and 8 English-speaking Latino men using a purposive sampling technique. Following transcription of taped interviews, Spanish interviews were translated. Using a coding protocol developed by the team, two bilingual members jointly analyzed the transcripts for emerging themes. Coder agreement exceeded 80%. Differences were resolved through discn of underserved Latino men for shared decision making requires consideration of alternative approaches depending on level of education attainment and preferred primary language.Background. Metformin is a widely accepted first-line pharmacotherapy for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Treatment of T2DM with glibenclamide, saxagliptin, or one of the other second-line treatment agents is recommended when the first-line treatment (metformin) cannot control the disease. However, there is little evidence on the additional cost and cost-effectiveness of adding second-line drugs. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the cost-effectiveness of saxagliptin and glibenclamide as second-line therapies added to metformin compared with metformin only in T2DM in Ethiopia. Methods. This cost-effectiveness study was conducted in Ethiopia using a mix of primary data on cost and best available data from the literature on the effectiveness. We measured the interventions' cost from the providers' perspective in 2019 US dollars. We developed a Markov model for T2DM disease progression with five health states using TreeAge Pro 2020 software. Disability-adjusted life year (DALY) was the health outcome used in this study, and we calculated the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) per DALY averted. Furthermore, one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analysis were performed. Results. The annual unit cost per patient was US$70 for metformin, US$75 for metformin + glibenclamide, and US$309 for metformin + saxagliptin. The ICER for saxagliptin + metformin was US$2259 per DALY averted. The ICER results were sensitive to various changes in cost, effectiveness, and transition probabilities. The ICER was driven primarily by the higher cost of saxagliptin relative to glibenclamide. Conclusion. Our study revealed that saxagliptin is not a cost-effective second-line therapy in patients with T2DM inadequately controlled by metformin monotherapy based on a gross domestic product per capita per DALY averted willingness-to-pay threshold in Ethiopia (US$953).Seabuckthorn (Hippophae L.) is a pioneer species widely distributed in Eurasia. We assembled and annotated the chloroplast genome of Hippophae salicifolia from Illumina pair-end data, which was 155,420 bp in length with 36.74% GC content; this plastome featured a quadripartite structure with two copies of a large inverted repeat (IR) of 26,528 bp separated by large single copy (LSC) region of 83,504 bp and small single copy region (SSC) of 18,860 bp. In total, 131 complete genes were annotated, including 38 tRNA, eight rRNA, and 85 protein-coding genes. Phylogenetic analysis recovered H. salicifolia and H. gyantsensis as monophyletic and sister to all other Hippophae species for which complete plastome sequences have been published.The complete chloroplast genome of Convolvulus arvensis was reconstructed by reference-based assembly using Illumina paired-end data. The assembled plastome is 153,234 base pairs (bp) in length, including a pair of inverted repeat regions (IRs) of 22,662 bp each, a large single-copy region (LSC) of 89,059 bp and a small single-copy region (SSC) of 19,651 bp. A total of 115 genes were predicted from the chloroplast genome, including 74 protein coding genes, 37 tRNA genes and 4 rRNA genes. The overall GC content of C. arvensis chloroplast genome was 37.7%. Phylogenetic analysis with several reported chloroplast genomes showed that C. arvensis is closely clustered with Operculina macrocarpa. The complete chloroplast genome of C. arvensis provides new insight into the evolutionary and genomic studies of Convolvulaceae.The complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Tropidothorax sinensis (Reuter, 1888) was determined in the present study by using high-throughput sequencing. This mitogenome is 15,422 bp in size and comprises 37 typical coding genes and a control region. All protein-coding genes are initiated with ATN, except for COX1 and ND4L use TTG as the start codon, and terminate with TAA or TAG with the exception of COX2, COX3 and ND1 which use a single T residue as the stop codon. Twenty-one of the 22 transfer RNA genes have the typical clover-leaf structure except for tRNASer(AGN) . The monophyly of the family Lygaeidae and the sister relationship between T. sinensis and T. cruciger is supported by maximum likelihood analysis based on the protein-coding and ribosomal RNA gene sequences.
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