Notes

Knockdown of lncRNA MEG8 suppresses mobile expansion and also intrusion, nevertheless promotes cell apoptosis in hemangioma, by way of miR‑203‑induced intercession of the Notch signaling process.
Microcystis aeruginosa is a bloom-forming cyanobacterium found in freshwater environments. The draft genomes of the M. aeruginosa strains NIES-3787, NIES-3804, NIES-3806, and NIES-3807, which were isolated from Lake Kasumigaura, Japan, were sequenced. The genome sizes of NIES-3787, NIES-3804, NIES-3806, and NIES-3807 were 4,524,637, 4,522,701, 4,370,004, and 4,378,226 bp, respectively. Copyright © 2020 Yamaguchi et al.Nostoc sp. strain ATCC 53789 is a producer of cryptophycins, which are promising anticancer agents. Here, we report the completely sequenced 8.7-Mb genome of Nostoc sp. strain ATCC 53789. Cediranib datasheet The sequence provides insights into the metabolic network of this cyanobacterial strain and illuminates its potential for the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Copyright © 2020 Tippelt et al.A draft genome sequence was assembled and annotated of the basidiomycetous yeast Rhodotorula sp. strain CCFEE 5036, isolated from Antarctic soil communities. The genome assembly is 19.07 megabases and encodes 6,434 protein-coding genes. The sequence will contribute to understanding the diversity of fungi inhabiting polar regions. Copyright © 2020 Coleine et al.Here, we present 95 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) that harbor antimicrobial resistance genes, isolated from samples obtained in a large advanced wastewater reclamation facility prior to microfiltration. The MAGs were not in abundance after filtration at the facility and represent a useful resource to the water treatment community at large. Copyright © 2020 Stamps and Spear.Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is an effective therapy for high-risk leukemias. In children, graft manipulation based on the selective removal of αβ T cells and B cells has been shown to reduce the risk of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease, thus allowing the use of haploidentical donors which expands the population that allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can be used in. Leukemic relapse, however, remains a problem. T cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors can potently eliminate leukemia, including in the central nervous system. We hypothesized that by modifying donor αβ T cells to simultaneously express a CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptors and inactivating the T cell receptor by genome editing, we could create a therapy that enhances the anti-leukemic efficacy of the stem cell transplant without increasing the risk of graft-versus-host disease. Using genome editing with Cas9 ribonucleoprotein and adeno-associated virus serotype 6, we integrate a CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptor in-frame into the TRAC locus. Greater than 90% of cells lost TCR expression, while >75% expressed the CAR. The product was further purified to ultimately have less than 0.05% residual TCR+ cells. In vitro, the CAR T cells efficiently eliminated target cells and produced high cytokine levels when challenged with CD19+ leukemia cells. In vivo, the gene modified T cells eliminated leukemia without causing xenogeneic graft-versus-host disease in a xenograft model. Gene editing was highly specific with no evidence of off-target effects. These data support the concept that the addition of αβ T cell-derived, genome edited T cells expressing CD19-specific chimeric antigen receptors could enhance the anti-leukemic efficacy of αβ T cell-depleted haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation without increasing the risk of graft-versus-host disease. Copyright © 2020, Ferrata Storti Foundation.The specific role of the bone marrow niche, a complex and dynamic structure composed of a multitude of cell types which functionally create an interactive network facilitating hematopoietic stem cell development and maintenance, in the pathogenesis, response to therapy and transformation of myeloproliferative neoplasms has only recently been explored. Niche functionality is likely affected not only by the genomic background of the myeloproliferative neoplasm-associated mutated hematopoietic stem cells, but also by disease-associated 'chronic inflammation' and subsequent adaptive and innate immune responses. 'Cross-talk' between mutated hematopoietic stem cells and multiple niche components may contribute to propagating disease progression and mediating drug resistance. In this timely article we will review current knowledge surrounding the deregulated bone marrow niche in myeloproliferative neoplasms and suggest how this may be targeted, either directly or indirectly, potentially influencing therapeutic choices both now and in the future. Copyright © 2020, Ferrata Storti Foundation.The FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) gene is mutated in 25-30% of patients with acute myeloid leukemia . Because of the poor prognosis associated with FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 internal tandem duplication mutated Acute myeloid leukemia, allogeneic-hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation was commonly performed in first complete remission. Remarkable progress has been made in frontline treatments with the incorporation of FLT3 inhibitors and the development of highly sensitive minimal/measurable residual disease assays. Similarly, recent progress in allogeneic-hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation includes improvement of transplant techniques, the use of haplo-identical donors in patients lacking an HLA matched donor, and the introduction of FLT3 inhibitors as posttransplant maintenance therapy. Nevertheless, current transplant strategies vary between centers and differ in terms of transplant indications based on the internal tandem duplication allelic ratio and concomitant nucleophosmin-1 mutation, as well as in terms of post-transplant maintenance/consolidation. This review generated by international leukemia or transplant experts, mostly from the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, attempts to develop a position statement on best approaches for allogeneic-hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia with FMS-like tyrosine kinase internal tandem duplication including indications and modalities of allogeneic-hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation and on potential optimization of post-transplant maintenance with FMS-like tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Copyright © 2020, Ferrata Storti Foundation.
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