Notes

Evaluation associated with Post-Tonsillectomy Lose blood involving Monopolar as well as Plasma Blade Techniques.
To describe the clinical course and the multimodal imaging of acute idiopathic maculopathy (AIM).

Medical records and multimodal imaging including color fundus photography, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fundus autofluorescence (FAF) were retrospectively reviewed. Recognition of the FAF patterns and their relationship with the disease duration, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and OCT features represented the main outcome measures.

Seventeen eyes of 16 patients (7 females; mean age 29.9 years) with a mean follow-up of 23.9 months were included. Mean BCVA at presentation was 0.63±0.54 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (Snellen equivalent, 20/85). All but one patient had BCVA recovery to 20/20.Four sequential patterns of FAF corresponding to four proposed stages of disease were observed. Patterns 1 (central hypo-autofluorescence with surrounding hyper-autofluorescence) and 2 (stippled hyper- and hypo-autofluorescence) were found at presentation. Patterns 3 (central hyper-autofluorescence surrounded by hypo-autofluorescence) and 4 (hypo-autofluorescence) were observed during the disease course and/or at the last follow-up visit. Duration of the disease was significantly different between patterns at baseline and last visit. Pattern 1 significantly related to the presence of subretinal detachment (Fisher's Exact Test; P =.003) on OCT in comparison to pattern 2. Pattern 4 showed a unique homogeneously decreased autofluorescence with correspondent attenuation of RPE and restored outer retinal layers on OCT.

A sequential disease staging based on multimodal imaging for AIM is proposed. The recognition of the observed imaging patterns may help clinicians in the correct diagnosis and patient counselling.
A sequential disease staging based on multimodal imaging for AIM is proposed. The recognition of the observed imaging patterns may help clinicians in the correct diagnosis and patient counselling.
To describe characteristics and outcomes of patients with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) who failed intravitreal anti-VEGF.

A retrospective case series of 211 eyes (112 patients) treated with anti-VEGF as initial therapy for ROP at a single academic institution between 2011-2019, and an additional 6 eyes (3 patients) referred to us for management of failed anti-VEGF.

Among 211 eyes receiving initial treatment at our institution, 17 (11%) failed. Of the 23 total eyes managed by us for failure, 3 (13%) failed after 50 weeks post-menstrual age (PMA). Failure manifested as recurrent plus in 14 (58%), recurrent stage 3 in 13 (54%) and retinal detachment in 5 eyes (21%). Treatment failures were managed with laser (13 eyes), repeat injection (4 eyes), vitrectomy (2 eyes), or a combination of modalities (4 eyes). Follow-up of >6 months was available for 18 of 23 eyes. The retina was fully attached in 17 and fixation behavior was present in 10 eyes.

The most common manifestations of treatment failure were recurrent plus and stage 3. The failure rate at our institution was 11.0%. A significant proportion of failures occurred after 50 weeks PMA. Most failed eyes had favorable anatomic outcomes and over half demonstrated fixation behavior.
The most common manifestations of treatment failure were recurrent plus and stage 3. The failure rate at our institution was 11.0%. A significant proportion of failures occurred after 50 weeks PMA. Most failed eyes had favorable anatomic outcomes and over half demonstrated fixation behavior.At any time, a medical crisis could result in an individual too sick to make one's own health care decisions. Advance care planning (ACP) is an important step to ensure that each person receives the medical care desired. Despite its significant importance and proven benefits, the completion rate for advance directive is approximately one-third among the general population in the United States and lower among Chinese Americans. This study explored Chinese Americans' knowledge and attitudes about ACP following completion of a web-based culturally tailored health education program. Ninety-six individuals completed the study between October 1 and December 31, 2020. Prestudy-poststudy outcomes measured included the Advance Directive Knowledge Survey and Advance Directive Attitude Scale administered before and after completion of the education program. Each measure has 9 questions and 16 questions, respectively. Participants' Advance Directive Knowledge Survey scores (pre mean, 6.04 [SD, 2.28]; post mean, 8.75 [SD, 0.53]; P less then .01) and Advance Directive Attitude Scale scores (pre mean, 47.31 [SD, 5.69]; post mean, 53.59 [SD, 4.37]; P less then .01) increased significantly following program completion. Findings indicated feasibility for integration of web-based technology and culturally tailored approaches to promote ACP knowledge and attitudes among Chinese Americans.
To evaluate the in vivo corneal changes after Rose Bengal photodynamic antimicrobial therapy (RB-PDAT) treatment in New Zealand White rabbits.

Sixteen rabbits were divided into 5 groups. All groups underwent deepithelialization of an 8 mm diameter area in the central cornea. Group 1 balanced salt solution drops only, group 2 0.2% RB only, group 3 green light exposure (525 nm, 5.4 J/cm2) only, group 4 0.1% RB-PDAT, and group 5 0.1% RB-PDAT. All rabbits were followed clinically. Group 5 rabbits were followed using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) and clinically. ABT-199 supplier On day 35 after initial treatment, 1 rabbit from group 5 was re-exposed to green light (5.4 J/cm2) to evaluate reactivation of the remaining RB dye, and terminal deoxynucleotyl transferase-mediated UTP-biotin-nick-end labeling assay was performed on corneal cryosections.

Complete reepithelization was observed, and corneas remained clear after treatment in all groups. In group 5, AS-OCT revealed a cross-linking demarcation line. AS-OCT showed RB fluorescence and collagen cross-linking in all treated eyes of group 5 animals after 5 weeks of treatment. Photobleached RB retention in the corneal stroma was corroborated by fluorescence confocal microscopy on frozen sections. There was no evidence of a sustained cytotoxic effect through terminal deoxynucleotyl transferase-mediated UTP-biotin-nick-end labeling at 5 weeks.

RB-PDAT with 0.1% RB is a safe procedure. There was no difference clinically and on histopathology compared with control groups. In eyes where RB dye is retained in the corneal stroma after 1 month of treatment, oxidative stress is not evidenced at long term.
RB-PDAT with 0.1% RB is a safe procedure. There was no difference clinically and on histopathology compared with control groups. In eyes where RB dye is retained in the corneal stroma after 1 month of treatment, oxidative stress is not evidenced at long term.
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